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Technical specifications of combined power source for electric vehicles
1 Scope
This standard specifies the technical specifications and test methods for the combined power source system for electric vehicles.
This standard is applicable to combined power source systems with the maximum DC working voltage lower than 60V.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this standard and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the dated edition is applicable to this standard. For undated references, the latest editions of the normative documents (including all the amendments) are applicable to this standard.
GB/T 2408-2008 Plastics — Determination of burning characteristics — Horizontal and vertical test
GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles
GB/T 31467.1-2015 Lithium-ion traction battery pack and system for electric vehicles — Part 1: Test specification for high power applications
GB 38031-2020 Electric vehicles traction battery safety requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 19596 and the following apply.
3.1
combined power source system
electric energy supply system consisting of two or more rechargeable energy storage units of different types or voltage levels
Note: It usually includes rechargeable energy storage unit, control unit, battery management system, DC/DC converter and corresponding accessories (low-voltage circuit and mechanical assembly, etc.). See Figure A.1 for the typical structure diagram.
3.2
main power source
power source that provides the main electricity supply in the hybrid power source system
3.3
assistance power source
power source which assists the main power source in providing electric energy supply in the combined power source system
3.4
capacity retention rate
ratio of the discharge capacity to the capacity corresponding to the initial state of charge after a battery is stored at a certain temperature for a certain time
3.5
capacity recovery rate
ratio of discharge capacity to initial capacity of a fully charged battery recharged after being stored at certain temperature for a certain period
4 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purpose of this document, the following symbols and abbreviations apply.
FS: Full Scale
I′max(SOC, T, t): maximum discharging current in a certain SOC, at a test ambient temperature of T and a pulse duration of t
nC: Current rate, which is equal to n times of 1h discharge capacity
RT: Room temperature
SOC: State of charge
5 Technical requirements
5.1 General requirements
5.1.1 See Figure A.2 in Annex A for typical application and layout mode of the combined power source system.
5.1.2 The combined power source system shall be capable of working normally under the following environmental conditions:
a) ambient temperature: -30℃~50℃;
b) relative humidity: 10%~95%;
c) atmospheric pressure: 86kPa~106kPa.
5.1.3 The housing of each component of the combined power source system shall be free from obvious defects such as scratches, burrs, deformation, corrosion and cracks.
5.1.4 The housing of each component of the combined power source system shall be clearly and firmly marked with basic product information.
5.2 Functional requirements
5.2.1 The combined power source system shall have charging and discharging functions, which may be used to store the electric energy fed back during the braking process of the whole vehicle and provide auxiliary electric energy for the power output of the whole vehicle.
5.2.2 The main power source shall have an independent battery management system, which is used to monitor the power source voltage, current, temperature and other parameters, and realize the functions of fault diagnosis, information recording and fault handling.
5.3 Safety requirements
5.3.1 Working voltage
The combined power source system shall meet the maximum working voltage requirements of Class A voltage circuit.
5.3.2 Electrical connection
The electrical interface shall be error-proof designed to ensure the correct connection of all components.
5.3.2.2 The electrical connection shall be firm and reliable, and there shall be no deformation, looseness, falling off and other problems.
5.3.3 Mechanical connection
5.3.3.1 All components the combined power source system shall be arranged in positions that are not susceptible to collision or other mechanical damage.
5.3.3.2 The mechanical connection shall be firm and reliable, and there shall be no deformation, looseness, falling off and other problems.
5.3.4 Flame retardance
The housing of each component of the combined power source system shall meet the Class V-0 requirements specified in GB/T 2408-2008. For the combined power source system including 12V lead-acid battery, the component housings except 12V lead-acid battery shall meet the Class V-0 requirements specified in GB/T 2408-2008.
5.3.5 Safety of power source
5.3.5.1 The safety of the main power source for providing energy to the vehicle power system shall meet the requirements of GB 38031-2020.
5.3.5.2 The main power source arranged in the passenger compartment shall meet at least one of the following requirements:
a) The main power source shall be equipped with an exhaust device, and when exhaust occurs, the gas shall be led out of the passenger compartment through the exhaust pipe of the whole vehicle;
b) The safety test for exhaust shall be conducted according to the 6.4.2.2, and the composition and concentration of the exhaust shall not cause harm to passengers;
c) The manufacturer shall provide safety supporting documents to prove that the exhaust of the main power source will not harm passengers.
5.4 Requirements for electrical performance
5.4.1 Capacity
The combined power source system or main power source shall be tested according to 6.5.1, and its discharge capacity at-20℃ shall not be less than 70% of that at room temperature, at 0℃ shall not be less than 90% of that at room temperature, and at 40℃ shall not be less than 95% of that at room temperature.
5.4.2 Power performance
The combined power source system or main power source shall be tested in accordance with 6.5.2. The maximum pulse charge/discharge rate at room temperature for 10s shall not be less than 20C, and the charge/discharge power density at room temperature for 10s shall not be less than 1kW/kg.
5.4.3 Non-load capacity loss
The combined power source system or main power source shall be tested according to 6.5.3, and its no-load capacity loss shall not be lower than the requirements in Table 1.
Table 1 No-load capacity loss of the combined power source system
Type of combined power source system Test temperature Test cycle Capacity retention rate Capacity recovery rate
Combined power source system with lithium-ion battery as main power source RT 168h(7d) 95% 97%
RT 720h(30d) 90% 95%
40°C 168h(7d) 90% 96%
40°C 720h(30d) 85% 94%
Combined power source system with Ni-MH battery as main power source RT 168h(7d) 90% 97%
RT 720h(30d) 85% 96%
40°C 168h(7d) 85% 97%
40°C 720h(30d) 70% 95%
5.4.4 Capacity loss during storage
The combined power source system or main power source shall be tested according to 6.5.4, and the capacity loss in storage shall not be lower than the requirements in Table 2.
Foreword iii
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviations
5 Technical requirements
6 Test methods
Annex A (Informative) Structure of combined power source system and application thereof
Annex B (Informative) Safety test for exhaust
