標準編號:	GB/T 3730.1-2022
中文名稱:	汽車、掛車及汽車列車的術語和定義 第1部分：類型
英文名稱:	Terms and definitions of motor vehicles，trailers and combination vehicle— Part 1：Types
中標分類:	T04    基礎標準與通用方法
行業分類:	GB    國家標準
ICS分類:	43.020 43.020    道路車輛綜合 43.020
發布機構:	國家市場監督管理總局 國家標準化管理委員會
發布日期:	2022-12-30
實施日期:	2023-7-1
標準狀態:	valid
替代舊標準:	GB/T 3730.1-2001 汽車和掛車類型的術語和定義
翻譯語言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符數:	24000 字
翻譯價格(元):	1620.0
交付時間:	付款后 1 個工作日

Terms and definitions of motor vehicles, trailers and combination vehicle - Part 1: Types 1 Scope This document specifies the terms and definitions of motor vehicles, trailers and combination vehicles. This document applies to motor vehicles, trailers and combination vehicles designed for running on roads. 2 Normative references There are no normative references in this document. 3 Basic terms and definitions 3.1 completed vehicle vehicle with design functions enabled, without any manufacturing operations required 3.2 incomplete vehicle driving unit that is composed of at least frame or other load-bearing structure, power system, transmission system, driving system, steering system, and braking system, but still requires manufacturing operations to become a completed vehicle 3.2.1 type II chassis incomplete vehicle with a cab but no goods platform or operating equipment installed 3.2.2 type III chassis incomplete vehicle without the car body, goods platform and operating equipment installed 3.3 motor vehicle power-driven vehicle with four or more wheels, which is not rail borne, including the vehicle connected to power line (e.g. trolley bus), and which is normally used for: ——carrying persons and/or goods (objects); ——towing vehicles used for the carriage of persons and/or goods (objects), or for special purposes; ——special operation or special purpose. This term also includes the following power-driven three-wheeled vehicles which are not rail borne: a) three-wheeled vehicles without a cab, whose complete vehicle kerb mass exceeds 400kg, and which are used for carrying goods; b) three-wheeled vehicles without a cab, carrying goods structure or function, whose complete vehicle kerb mass exceeds 600kg, and which are designed and manufactured to accommodate a maximum of 2 passengers (including the driver); c) three-wheeled vehicles with a cab, whose complete vehicle kerb mass exceeds 600kg. Note: The vehicle refers to completed vehicle. 3.3.1 passenger car motor vehicle which, on account of its design, manufacture and technical characteristics, is intended mainly for carrying passengers and their carry-on luggage and/or temporary objects, and which has available a maximum of 9 seats, including the driver seat Note: The passenger car may be equipped with certain special equipment or appliances, and may also tow a trailer. 3.3.2 bus motor vehicle which, on account of its design, manufacture and technical characteristics, is intended for carrying passengers and their carry-on luggage, and which has more than 9 seats, including the driver seat Note: It may also tow a trailer. 3.3.3 goods vehicle motor vehicle which, on account of its design, manufacture and technical characteristics, is intended mainly for carrying goods and/or towing trailers, including vehicle equipped with certain special equipment or appliances for the main purpose of carrying goods and not belonging to special operation vehicle or special purpose vehicle 3.3.4 special vehicle motor vehicle which, on account of its design, manufacture and technical characteristics, is intended for carrying specific personnel and special goods (including loading parts with special structures), or equipped with special devices for engineering special operations (including health care) or for special purposes Note: Special vehicle includes special purpose passenger car, special bus, specialized goods vehicle, special operation vehicle and special purpose vehicle. 3.3.4.1 special operation vehicle motor vehicle, equipped with special equipment or appliances, which, on account of its design, manufacture and technical characteristics, is intended for engineering special (including health care) operations, excluding motor vehicle (other than fire fighting vehicle) equipped with special equipment or appliances, which has more than 9 seats, including the driver seat Note: Special operation vehicle usually includes truck crane, fire fighting vehicle, concrete pump truck, wrecker, vehicle-mounted mobile elevating work platform, sweeper truck, sewer cleaner, oil field special vehicle, inspection car, monitoring car, power vehicle, communication vehicle, television car, blood collecting vehicle, medical vehicle, physical examination hospital car, etc. 3.3.4.2 special purpose vehicle special vehicles for operation, other than special operation vehicle, special purpose passenger car, special bus and specialized goods vehicle, equipped with special equipment or appliances, which, on account of its design, manufacture and technical characteristics, is intended for special purposes Example: Truck training vehicle, tool car, etc. Note: The bus, goods vehicle, special operation vehicle and special purpose vehicle are collectively referred to as commercial vehicle, which, on account of its design, manufacture and technical characteristics, is intended for transporting persons and goods (except passenger cars), and can tow a trailer. 3.4 trailer unpowered road vehicle which, on account of its design, manufacture and technical characteristics, can be used normally only when towed by a motor vehicle and is intended for: ——carrying persons and/or goods; ——special purpose. Note: The vehicle refers to completed vehicle. 3.5 combination vehicles combination of a motor vehicle and one or more trailers 4 Terms and definitions of passenger cars 4.1 Classification by service characteristics 4.1.1 saloon car passenger car with one of the following two technical characteristics, except for sport utility vehicle (4.1.2): a) the body is of three box type; b) the body is of two box type, and the following conditions are satisfied: 1) there are a maximum of 5 seats and two rows of seats (including foldable seats), without lateral arrangement; 2) a half or more of the engine length is located before the most forward point of the vehicle's front windscreen (which is not applicable to battery electric vehicle and fuel cell electric vehicle), and the centre of the steering wheel is beyond the forward quarter of the vehicle's total length; 3) the vehicle length is not greater than 4,000mm, or greater than 4,000mm but less than 5,200mm, and the maximum ground clearance under the roof outer panel of the vehicle is not greater than 1,580mm when the vehicle is in the state of complete vehicle kerb mass. Note 1: A half or more of the engine length is the engine crankshaft centre line for front transverse engines, and is the centre line of the distance between the first and last cylinders of the engine for front vertical engines.

Foreword i Introduction vi 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Basic terms and definitions 4 Terms and definitions of passenger cars 5 Terms and definitions of bus 6 Terms and definitions of goods vehicle 7 Terms and definitions of trailers 8 Terms and definitions of combination vehicles 9 Terms and definitions of vehicles of different energy types Annex A (Informative) Passenger car class Bibliography Index

第1部分：類型 1 范圍 本文件界定了汽車、掛車和汽車列車類型的術語和定義。 本文件適用于為在道路上運行而設計的汽車、掛車和汽車列車。 2 規范性引用文件 本文件沒有規范性引用文件。 3 基本術語和定義 3.1 完整車輛 completed vehicle 已具有設計功能，無需再進行制造作業的車輛。 3.2 非完整車輛 incomplete vehicle 至少由車架或其他承載結構、動力系統、傳動系統、行駛系統、轉向系統和制動系統等部分組成，但仍需要進行制造作業才能成為完整車輛的可行駛單元。 3.2.1 二類底盤 type Ⅱ chassis 具有駕駛室.不具有載貨平臺或作業設備的非完整車輛。 3.2.2 三類底盤 type Ⅲ chassis 不具有車身、載貨平臺以及作業設備的非完整車輛。 3.3 汽車 motor vehicle 由動力驅動、具有四個或四個以上車輪的非軌道承載的車輛，包括與電力線相聯的車輛(如無軌電車)，主要用于： ——載運人員和/或貨物(物品)； ——牽引載運人員和/或貨物(物品)的車輛或特殊用途的車輛； ——專項作業或專門用途。 本術語還包括以下由動力驅動、非軌道承載的三輪車輛： a)整車整備質量超過400 kg、不帶駕駛室、用于載運貨物的三輪車輛； b)整車整備質量超過600 kg、不帶駕駛室、不具有載運貨物結構或功能且設計和制造上最多乘坐2人(包括駕駛員)的三輪車輛； c)整車整備質量超過600 kg的帶駕駛室的三輪車輛。 注：車輛指完整車輛。 3.3.1 乘用車 passenger car 設計、制造和技術特性上主要用于載運乘客及其隨身行李和/或臨時物品，包括駕駛員座位在內最多不超過9個座位的汽車。 注：乘用車可能裝備一定的專用設備或器具，也可能牽引掛車。 3.3.2 客車 bus 設計、制造和技術特性上用于載運乘客及其隨身行李，包括駕駛員座位在內的座位數超過9個的汽車。 注：客車可能牽引掛車。 3.3.3 載貨汽車 goods vehicle 設計、制造和技術特性上主要用于載運貨物和/或牽引掛車的汽車，也包括裝備一定的專用設備或器具但以載運貨物為主要目的，且不屬于專項作業車、專門用途汽車的汽車。 3.3.4 專用汽車 special vehicle 設計、制造和技術特性上，用于載運特定人員、運輸特殊貨物(包括載貨部位為特殊結構)，或裝備有專用裝置用于工程專項(包括衛生醫療)作業或專門用途的汽車。 注：專用汽車包含專用乘用車、專用客車、專用貨車、專項作業車、專門用途汽車。 3.3.4.1 專項作業車 special operation vehicle 裝備有專用設備或器具，設計、制造和技術特性上用于工程專項(包括衛生醫療)作業的汽車，但不包括裝備有專用設備或器具而座位數(包括駕駛員座位)超過9個的汽車(消防車除外)。 注：通常包括汽車起重機、消防車、混凝土泵車、清障車、高空作業車、掃路車、吸污車、油田專用作業車、檢測車、監測車、電源車、通信車、電視車、采血車、醫療車、體檢醫療車等。 3.3.4.2 專門用途汽車 special purpose vehicle 裝備有專用設備或器具，設計、制造和技術特性上具有專門用途，但不屬于專項作業車、專用乘用車、專用客車、專用貨車的其他作業類專用汽車。 示例：貨車類教練車、工具車等。 注：客車、載貨汽車、專項作業車、專門用途汽車統稱為商用車，商用車指設計、制造和技術特性上用于運送人員和貨物的汽車(乘用車除外)，可以牽引掛車。 3.4 掛車 trailer 設計、制造和技術特性上由汽車牽引才能正常使用的一種無動力的道路車輛，用于： ——載運人員和/或貨物； ——特殊用途。 注：車輛指完整車輛。 3.5 汽車列車 combination vehicles 一輛汽車與一輛或多輛掛車的組合。 4 乘用車術語和定義 4.1 按使用特性劃分 4.1.1 轎車 saloon car 具有如下兩項技術特性之一的乘用車，但運動型乘用車(4.1.2)除外： a)車身結構為三廂式車身； b)車身結構為兩廂式車身，且同時具有以下條件： 1)座位數不超過5座、座椅(含可折疊座椅)不超過兩排且無側向布置； 2)一半以上的發動機長度位于車輛前風窗玻璃最前點以前(純電動汽車與燃料電池電動汽車除外)，且轉向盤的中心位于車輛總長的前四分之一部分之后； 3)車長不大于4000 mm，或車長大于4000 mm但不大于5200 mm且車輛處于整車整備質量狀態下車頂外覆蓋件最大離地高度不大于1 580 mm。 注1：一半以上的發動機長度，對于前橫置發動機，為發動機曲軸中心線；對于前縱置發動機，為發動機第一缸和最后一缸缸心距的中心線。 注2：兩廂式車身指動力總成艙、客艙和行李艙在外形上形成兩個空間形態的車身，乘用車的行李艙和客艙內部貫通(包括行李艙由一塊可移動的隔板分割成上下兩部分后，僅上半部分與乘客艙貫通的情形)；三廂式車身指動力總成艙、客艙和行李艙在外形上形成各自獨立形態的車身。 注3：車頂外覆蓋件是指車身頂部外表面的結構件，不包括行李架、天線等附加在車頂上的附件。 4.1.2 運動型乘用車 sport utility vehicle 同時具有如下各項技術特性的乘用車： a)車身結構為兩廂式車身； b)包括駕駛員座位在內最多不超過7個座位； c)一半以上的發動機長度位于車輛前風窗玻璃最前點以前(純電動汽車與燃料電池電動汽車除外)，且轉向盤的中心位于車輛總長的前四分之一部分之后； d)車輛處于整車整備質量和一位駕駛員狀態下，單車計算爬坡度不小于30％，并至少具有如下六項技術特性中的五項： 1)接近角不小于16°； 2)離去角不小于17°； 3)縱向通過角不小于14°； 4)前軸離地間隙不小于150 mm； 5)后軸離地間隙不小于150 mm； 6)前后軸間的離地間隙不小于140 mm。 e)車輛處于整車整備質量狀態下，車頂外覆蓋件最大離地高度不小于1 580 mm。 注：裝有高度可調懸架的乘用車，有一種懸架狀態具有a)～e)技術特性時也視為運動型乘用車。 4.1.3 越野乘用車 off-road passenger car 具有如下各項技術特性的乘用車： a)至少有一個前軸和至少有一個后軸同時驅動(包括一個驅動軸可以脫開的車輛)。 b)至少有一個差速鎖止機構或至少有一個類似作用的機構。 c)車輛處于整車整備質量和一位駕駛員狀態下，單車計算爬坡度不小于30％，并至少具有如下六項技術特性中的五項： 1)接近角不小于25°； 2)離去角不小于20°； 3)縱向通過角不小于20°； 4)前軸離地間隙不小于180 mm； 5)后軸離地間隙不小于180 mm； 6)前后軸間的離地間隙不小于200 mm。 d)車身結構為兩廂式車身時，一半以上的發動機長度位于車輛前風窗玻璃最前點以前(純電動汽車與燃料電池電動汽車除外)，且轉向盤的中心位于車輛總長的前四分之一部分之后。