標準編號:	GB 38032-2020
中文名稱:	電動客車安全要求
英文名稱:	Electric buses safety requirements
中標分類:	T47    新能源汽車及其他類型汽車
行業分類:	GB    國家標準
ICS分類:	43.080.20 43.080.20    客車 43.080.20
發布機構:	國家市場監督管理總局 國家標準化管理委員會
發布日期:	2020-05-12
實施日期:	2021-1-1
標準狀態:	valid
翻譯語言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符數:	9000 字
翻譯價格(元):	430.0
交付時間:	付款后 1 個工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. All technical contents of this standard are compulsory. This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009 This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China. Introduction This standard is formulated on the basis of GB 18384 and GB 38031, for the purpose of improving the safety technology of electric buses, perfecting the special waterproof and dustproof, fire prevention, rechargeable energy storage system, charging and other safety requirements and test methods of electric buses. In the process of formulation, this standard refers to the existing traditional bus standards and the relevant standards of the complete electric vehicle and its parts. The main reference standards are GB/T 31467.3-2015, GB/T 18487.1-2015 and UN GTR No.20. Electric buses safety requirements 1 Scope This standard specifies the safety requirements and test methods for electric buses. This standard is applicable to electric buses of Category M2 and Category M3, including battery electric buses and hybrid electric buses. This standard is not applicable to fuel cell electric buses. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 2408-2008 Plastics - Determination of burning characteristics - Horizontal and vertical test GB 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code) GB 8624-2012 Classification for burning behavior of building materials and products GB/T 10295 Thermal insulation - Determination of steady-state thermal resistance and related properties - Heat flow meter apparatus GB 13094 The safety requirements for light bus construction GB/T 15089 Classification of power-driven vehicles and trailers GB 17578 Requirements and test methods of strength for the superstructure of bus GB/T 18384 Electric vehicles safety requirements GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles GB 20071-2006 The protection of the occupants in the event of a lateral collision GB/T 31498-2015 The safety requirement of electric vehicle post crash 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB 13094, GB/T 15089, GB/T 19596 and the following apply. 3.1 minimum management unit of battery system minimum battery unit monitored by the battery management system 4 Safety requirements 4.1 General The general safety of electric buses shall comply with the requirements of GB 18384. 4.2 Waterproof and dustproof performance 4.2.1 Wading requirement of complete vehicle Carry out the complete vehicle wading test according to the test method specified in 5.1.1. Within 10min after completion of the vehicle wading test, the insulation resistance of the complete vehicle shall be greater than 1MΩ. 4.2.2 Protection degree requirements for Class B voltage components Carry out the protection degree test according to the test method specified in 5.1.2. The insulation resistance of the complete vehicle shall be greater than 1MΩ, and the protection degree of the following components shall not be lower than IP67: a) Class B voltage electrical equipment with lowest point below the cabin floor and 500mm above the ground and connectors connected to Class B voltage components; b) Class B voltage electrical equipment installed on the roof and without protective devices (except those for receiving electricity). 4.2.3 Flooding requirement of complete vehicle Carry out the flooding test of complete vehicle according to the test method specified in 5.1.3, and the vehicle will not catch fire or explode within 2h after the test is completed. 4.3 Fire resistance 4.3.1 Flame retardant performance of Class B voltage components Carry out the flame retardant performance test for Class B voltage components according to the test method specified in 5.2.1. The flame retardant performance of the insulation materials used for Class B voltage components shall meet the requirements specified in Table 1. ? Table 1 Flame retardant performance requirements of insulation materials used for Class B voltage components No. Component assembly Component name Standard requirement Horizontal combustion meets the requirements of GB/T 2408-2008, Class HB Vertical combustion meets the requirements of GB/T 2408-2008, Class V-0. 1 Drive motor system Enclosure √ √ 2 Cable insulation layer √ √ 3 PCB circuit board √ √ 4 Insulating plate √ √ 5 Insulating paper √ — 6 Insulation film √ — 7 Motor driven compressor Enclosure √ √ 8 Cable insulation layer √ √ 9 Electric heater Enclosure √ √ 10 Cable insulation layer √ √ 11 DC/DC converter Enclosure √ √ 12 Cable insulation layer √ √ 13 PCB circuit board √ √ 14 Distribution box Enclosure √ √ 15 Cable insulation layer √ √ 16 Charging socket Enclosure √ √ 17 Cable insulation layer √ √ 18 Double-wall heat-shrinkable tube Double-wall heat-shrinkable tubes (all sizes) √ √ 19 Bellow Bellows (all sizes) √ √ Note: "—" means that the part does not need to meet this requirement. 4.3.2 Flame retardant and thermal insulation performance between rechargeable energy storage system (or installation cabin) and passenger cabin The rechargeable energy storage system (or installation cabin) shall be separated from the passenger cabin by flame retardant and thermal insulation materials and shall be subjected to flame retardant and thermal insulation performance test according to the test methods specified in 5.2.2. The combustion performance of the flame retardant and thermal insulation material shall comply with the Class A requirements specified in GB 8624-2012, and the thermal conductivity shall be less than or equal to 0.04W/(m?K) at 300°C. 4.4 Safety requirements for rechargeable energy storage system 4.4.1 Requirements for thermal runaway of minimum management unit of battery system The thermal runaway test for minimum management unit of battery system shall be carried out according to the test methods specified in 5.3.1. The test object shall not cause fire or explosion. 4.4.2 Fire retardant requirements for part materials of rechargeable energy storage system Except for battery cells, other non-metallic parts in the rechargeable energy storage system shall be subjected to flame retardation test for part materials in the rechargeable energy storage system according to the test method specified in 5.3.2. The following flame retardation requirements shall be met: a) for parts that meet any of the following conditions, the flame retardant grade of their materials shall reach the horizontal combustion grade HB and the vertical combustion grade V-0: — the mass of a single part ≥50g; — the total mass of parts of the same model in a single rechargeable energy storage system >200g. b) for other non-metallic parts, the flame retardant grade of their materials shall reach the horizontal combustion grade HB 75 and the vertical combustion grade V-2. 4.4.3 Isolation requirements for installation cabin The installation cabin of the rechargeable energy storage system shall be isolated from the passenger compartment (except the ventilation device) to ensure that passengers cannot touch the rechargeable energy storage system. If the air is taken from the passenger compartment to adjust the temperature for the rechargeable energy storage system, the air inlet shall be equipped with a smoke control device to ensure that harmful gases cannot enter the passenger compartment from the air inlet when safety problems occur in the rechargeable energy storage system. 4.4.4 Requirements for disconnecting devices Manual maintenance switches and fuses shall be installed for the rechargeable energy storage system. 4.4.5 Requirements for pressure relief and venting devices The rechargeable energy storage system shall be provided with pressure relief and pressure-balanced devices, and the relief pressure shall not exceed 50kPa. 4.4.6 Requirements for abnormality alarm The rechargeable energy storage system shall send a thermal event alarm signal 5min before any passenger compartment hazard caused by the thermal propagation resulting from thermal runaway of single cell. 4.5 Safety requirements for control system 4.5.1 Priority requirement for braking signal When the braking signal and acceleration signal occur simultaneously, the complete vehicle control system shall only respond to the braking signal. 4.5.2 Control requirements for driving power system In the process of driving, when the vehicle is in abnormal condition that requires the failure of Class B high voltage power supply of the complete vehicle, if the vehicle speed is greater than 5km/h, the steering system shall be maintained in the power assist state or keep this state for at least 30s. 4.6 Safety requirements for charging 4.6.1 Safety requirements for charging interface When the complete vehicle has multiple charging interfaces, the charging interfaces that do not perform charging works shall be de-energized. 4.6.2 Temperature monitoring requirements for charging socket The charging socket of the vehicle shall be equipped with a temperature monitoring device, which shall be able to transmit the corresponding signal to the vehicle according to the temperature change, for realizing the temperature monitoring and over-temperature protection functions of the vehicle charging interface. 4.7 Safety requirements for vehicle collision and rollover 4.7.1 Safety requirements for vehicle collision If the lowest point of a rechargeable energy storage system is no more than 1m above the ground (the vehicle is in no-load state), the vehicle shall be subjected to the collision test according to the test methods specified in 5.5.1. After the collision test, the vehicle shall meet the requirements of GB/T 31498-2015, 4.2 to 4.4. 4.7.2 Safety requirements for vehicle rollover If the superstructure strength test is required for the electric bus, it shall be carried out according to the test methods specified in 5.5.2 under the conditions that the SOC of the rechargeable energy storage system is kept at 30% to 50% and in the state of Class B voltage. After the test, the vehicle shall meet the requirements of GB/T 31498-2015, 4.2 to 4.4. 4.7.3 Exemptions for vehicle collision and rollover tests When it is necessary to assess the vehicle collision safety requirements, if the vehicle meets one of the following two conditions, it shall be regarded as meeting the requirements of 4.7.1. a) When compared with the models that have passed the collision test, the following five conditions are met at the same time: — the same manufacturer and type of rechargeable energy storage system (unit or assembly); — the energy of the rechargeable energy storage system is the same or reduced; — the cabinet structure is the same or strengthened; — the installation structure of the cabinet is the same or strengthened; — the structure of the vehicle body in the battery pack installation area is unchanged or strengthened (the opening size of the structure is the same or smaller). b) When compared with the models that have passed the collision test and have no mechanical damage to the battery pack after the collision, the following requirements are met: — the structure of the vehicle body in the battery pack installation area is unchanged or strengthened (the opening size of the structure is the same or smaller).

Foreword i Introduction ii 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Safety requirements 4.1 General 4.2 Waterproof and dustproof performance 4.3 Fire resistance 4.4 Safety requirements for rechargeable energy storage system 4.5 Safety requirements for control system 4.6 Safety requirements for charging 4.7 Safety requirements for vehicle collision and rollover 5 Test methods 5.1 Waterproof and dustproof 5.2 Fire resistance 5.3 Safety of rechargeable energy storage system 5.4 Functional safety protection 5.5 Safety requirements for vehicle collision and rollover 6 Implementation date Annex A (Normative) Thermal runaway test method Annex B (Normative) Collision test method Bibliography

ICS 43.080.20 T 47 中華人民共和國國家標準 GB 38032—2020 電動客車安全要求 Electric buses safety requirements 2020-05-12發布 2021-01-01實施 國家市場監督管理總局 國家標準化管理委員會 發布 前 言 本標準的全部技術內容為強制性。 本標準按照GB/T 1.1—2009給出的規則起草。 本標準由中華人民共和國工業和信息化部提出并歸口。 引 言 為進一步提高電動客車安全技術水平，完善電動客車特殊的防水防塵、防火、可充電儲能系統、充電等安全要求及試驗方法，在滿足GB 18384、GB 38031的基礎上制定本標準。 本標準在制定過程中參考了現有傳統客車標準、電動汽車整車及零部件相關標準，主要參考的標準有GB/T 31467.3—2015、GB/T 18487.1—2015及UN GTR No.20。 電動客車安全要求 1 范圍 本標準規定了電動客車的安全要求和試驗方法。 本標準適用于M2 類、M3 類電動客車，包括純電動客車、混合動力電動客車。 本標準不適用于燃料電池電動客車。 2 規范性引用文件 下列文件對于本文件的應用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，僅注日期的版本適用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。 GB/T 2408—2008 塑料 燃燒性能的測定 水平法和垂直法 GB/T 4208 外殼防護等級(IP代碼) GB 8624—2012 建筑材料及制品燃燒性能分級 GB/T 10295 絕熱材料穩態熱阻及有關特性的測定 熱流計法 GB 13094 客車結構安全要求 GB/T 15089 機動車輛及掛車分類 GB 17578 客車上部結構強度要求及試驗方法 GB 18384 電動汽車安全要求 GB/T 19596 電動汽車術語 GB 20071—2006 汽車側面碰撞的乘員保護 GB/T 31498—2015 電動汽車碰撞后安全要求 3 術語和定義 GB 13094、GB/T 15089、GB/T 19596界定的以及下列術語和定義適用于本文件。 3.1 蓄電池系統最小管理單元 minimum management unit of battery system 電池管理系統可以監控的最小蓄電池單元。 4 安全要求 4.1 通用安全要求 電動客車通用安全應符合GB 18384的要求。 4.2 防水防塵性能要求 4.2.1 整車涉水要求 按5.1.1規定的試驗方法進行整車涉水試驗，試驗完成后10 min內，整車絕緣電阻值應大于1MΩ。 4.2.2 B級電壓部件防護等級要求 按5.1.2規定的試驗方法進行防護等級試驗，整車絕緣電阻值應大于1MΩ，以下部件的防護等級應不低于IP67： a) 最低點位于客艙地板以下且距地面500mm 以下的B級電壓電氣設備和與B級電壓部件相連的連接器； b) 安裝在車頂且無防護裝置的B級電壓電氣設備(受電裝置除外)。 4.2.3 整車浸水要求 按5.1.3規定的試驗方法進行整車浸水試驗，試驗完成后2h內車輛應不起火、不爆炸。 4.3 防火性能要求 4.3.1 B級電壓部件阻燃性能要求 按5.2.1規定的試驗方法進行B級電壓部件阻燃性能試驗，B級電壓部件所用絕緣材料阻燃性能應滿足表1的規定。 表1 B級電壓部件所用絕緣材料阻燃性能要求 序號 部件總成 部件名稱 標準要求 水平燃燒滿足 垂直燃燒滿足 GB/T 2408—2008規定的 HB級 GB/T 2408—2008規定的 V-0級 1 驅動電機系統 外殼 √ √ 2 線纜絕緣層 √ √ 3 PCB電路板 √ √ 4 絕緣板 √ √ 5 絕緣紙 √ — 6 絕緣薄膜 √ — 7 電動壓縮機 外殼 √ √ 8 線纜絕緣層 √ √ 9 電暖風 外殼 √ √ 10 線纜絕緣層 √ √ 11 DC/DC變換器 外殼 √ √ 12 線纜絕緣層 √ √ 13 PCB電路板 √ √ 14 配電箱 外殼 √ √ 15 線纜絕緣層 √ √ 16 充電插座 外殼 √ √ 17 線纜絕緣層 √ √ 18 熱收縮雙壁管 熱收縮雙壁管 (所有尺寸規格 ) √ √ 19 波紋管 波紋管 (所有尺寸規格 ) √ √ 注：“—”該零件不需滿足此項要求。 4.3.2 可充電儲能系統(或安裝艙體)與客艙間阻燃隔熱性能要求 可充電儲能系統(或安裝艙體)與客艙之間應使用阻燃隔熱材料，按5.2.2規定的試驗方法進行可充電儲能系統(或安裝艙體)與客艙間阻燃隔熱性能試驗，阻燃隔熱材料的燃燒特性應符合GB 8624—2012中規定的A 級要求，并且在300℃時導熱系數應不大于0.04W/(m·K)。 4.4 可充電儲能系統安全要求 4.4.1 蓄電池系統最小管理單元熱失控要求 蓄電池系統最小管理單元按照5.3.1規定的試驗方法進行熱失控試驗，試驗對象應不起火、不爆炸。 4.4.2 可充電儲能系統內零部件材料阻燃要求 除蓄電池單體外，可充電儲能系統內其他非金屬零部件，按照5.3.2規定的試驗方法進行可充電儲能系統內零部件材料阻燃試驗，應滿足以下阻燃要求： a) 滿足以下任一條件的零部件，其材質需滿足水平燃燒HB級和垂直燃燒V-0級的要求： ——單個零部件質量≥50g； ——單個可充電儲能系統內相同型號的零件總質量>200g。 b) 其他非金屬零部件材質滿足水平燃燒HB75級和垂直燃燒V-2級的要求。 4.4.3 安裝艙體隔離要求 可充電儲能系統安裝艙體應與客艙隔離(引風裝置除外)，保證乘客不能觸及到可充電儲能系統。若從客艙引風為可充電儲能系統調節溫度，則引風口應配置煙霧控制裝置，可充電儲能系統發生安全問題時產生的有害氣體應不能從進風口進入客艙。 4.4.4 斷開裝置要求 可充電儲能系統應安裝熔斷器和手動維修開關。 4.4.5 泄壓透氣裝置要求 可充電儲能系統應設有定向泄壓和壓力平衡裝置，泄壓壓強應不大于50kPa。 4.4.6 異常報警要求 可充電儲能系統在由于單個電池熱失控引起熱擴散、進而導致乘員艙發生危險之前5min，應提供一個熱事件報警信號。 4.5 控制系統安全要求 4.5.1 制動信號優先要求 整車控制系統當制動信號和加速信號同時發生時，應只響應制動信號。 4.5.2 行駛中助力系統控制要求 車輛在行駛過程中，出現需要整車斷B級高壓電的車輛異常情況時，在車速大于5km/h時應保持轉向系統維持助力狀態或至少保持轉向助力狀態30s。 4.6 充電安全要求 4.6.1 充電接口安全要求 整車具備多個充電接口時，不執行充電工作的充電接口應不帶電。 4.6.2 充電插座溫度監控要求 車輛的充電插座應設置溫度監控裝置，該裝置應能根據溫度變化傳送相應信號給車輛，用于實現車輛充電接口的溫度監測和過溫保護功能。 4.7 車輛碰撞和側翻后安全要求 4.7.1 車輛碰撞后安全要求 若有可充電儲能系統其最低點距地面不超過1m(車輛空載狀態)，則應按照5.5.1規定的試驗方法進行碰撞試驗，車輛在碰撞試驗后應符合GB/T 31498—2015中4.2~4.4的要求。 4.7.2 車輛側翻后安全要求 若電動客車需按照5.5.2規定的試驗方法進行上部結構強度試驗，應在其可充電儲能系統荷電量(SOC)保持在30%~50%且處于B級電壓上電狀態下進行試驗，試驗后應符合GB/T 31498—2015中4.2~4.4的要求。 4.7.3 車輛碰撞和側翻試驗豁免條款 當需要考核車輛碰撞安全要求的車型，滿足以下兩種情況之一，則視同符合4.7.1的要求。 a) 與已經通過碰撞試驗的車型相比，同時滿足以下五個條件時： ——可充電儲能系統(單體或總成)生產企業及類型相同； ——可充電儲能系統能量相同或減小； ——箱體結構相同或加強； ——箱體安裝結構相同或加強； ——電池包安裝區域的車體結構不變或加強(結構開口尺寸相同或變小)。 b) 與已經通過碰撞試驗且碰撞后對電池包無任何機械損傷的車型相比，滿足以下條件時： ——電池包安裝區域的車體結構不變或加強(結構開口尺寸相同或變小)。 5 試驗方法 5.1 防水防塵 5.1.1 整車涉水試驗 車輛應在300mm 深的水池中，以5km/h~10km/h的速度行駛500m，時間3min~6min；如果水池長度小于500m，應重復試驗使涉水長度累計不小于500m，包括車輛在水池外的總試驗時間應少于10min。 按GB 18384中的絕緣電阻測量方法進行絕緣電阻測試。 5.1.2 B級電壓部件防護等級試驗 按GB/T 4208的規定進行防護等級試驗，試驗后，按GB 18384中的絕緣電阻測量方法進行絕緣電阻測試。 5.1.3 整車浸水試驗 車輛在斷開A 級和B級電壓電路狀態下，在水深500mm 水池中浸泡24h。 5.2 防火性能 5.2.1 B級電壓部件阻燃性能試驗 水平燃燒和垂直燃燒按GB/T 2408—2008的規定進行試驗。 5.2.2 可充電儲能系統(或安裝艙體)與客艙間阻燃隔熱性能試驗 燃燒特性按GB 8624—2012的規定進行試驗，導熱系數按GB/T 10295的規定進行試驗。 5.3 可充電儲能系統安全 5.3.1 蓄電池系統最小管理單元熱失控試驗 按附錄A 的規定進行熱失控試驗。 5.3.2 可充電儲能系統內零部件材料阻燃試驗 水平燃燒和垂直燃燒按GB/T 2408—2008的規定進行試驗。 5.4 功能性安全防護 制造商根據4.4.3、4.4.4、4.4.5、4.5、4.6規定的各項功能防護要求，提供具體方案說明，檢測機構據此說明材料在零部件或實車上進行測試驗證，并進行符合性判定。 5.5 車輛碰撞和側翻安全 5.5.1 車輛碰撞安全試驗 按附錄B的規定進行車輛碰撞安全試驗。 5.5.2 車輛側翻安全試驗 按GB 17578的規定進行上部結構強度試驗。 6 實施日期 新申請型式批準的車型自本標準實施之日起開始執行，已獲得型式批準的車型自本標準實施之日起第13個月開始執行。 附 錄 A (規范性附錄) 熱失控試驗方法 A.1 試驗對象 試驗對象為蓄電池系統最小管理單元。 A.2 試驗方法 A.2.1 試驗環境溫度為22℃±5℃，相對濕度為15%~90%，大氣壓力為86kPa~106kPa。 A.2.2 使用平面狀或者棒狀加熱裝置，并且其表面應覆蓋陶瓷、金屬或絕緣層，加熱裝置的功率要求見表A.1。完成試驗對象與加熱裝置的裝配，加熱裝置與蓄電池單體應直接接觸，加熱裝置的尺寸規格應不大于試驗對象的被加熱面；安裝溫度監測器，監測點溫度傳感器布置在遠離熱傳導的一側，即安裝在加熱裝置的對側(如圖A.1所示)。溫度數據的采樣間隔應小于1s，準確度要求為±2 ℃，溫度傳感器尖端的直徑應小于1mm。 表A.1 加熱裝置功率選擇 試驗對象電能 E Wh 加熱裝置最大功率 W E<100 30~300 100≤E<400 300~1000 400≤E<800 300~2000 E≥800 >600 a) 硬殼及軟包電池 b) 圓柱形電池-Ⅰ c) 圓柱形電池-Ⅱ 說明： ——加熱裝置 ——加熱裝置(電阻絲) ——溫度監測器 圖A.1 加熱觸發時溫度傳感器的布置位置示意圖 A.2.3 將試驗對象充電到100% SOC后，再對試驗對象用1C倍率充電電流繼續充電12min。立刻啟動加熱裝置，并以其最大功率對試驗對象進行持續加熱，當發生熱失控或者A.2.2定義的監測點溫度達到300℃時，停止觸發，關閉加熱裝置。 A.2.4 熱失控試驗判定條件如下： a) 試驗對象產生電壓降，且下降值超過初始電壓的25%； b) 監測點溫度達到電池廠商規定的最高工作溫度； c) 監測點的溫升速率dT/dt≥1℃/s，且持續3s以上。 當a)和c)或者b)和c)發生時，判定發生熱失控。 A.2.5 加熱過程中及加熱結束1h內，如果發生起火、爆炸現象，則試驗終止。 附 錄 B (規范性附錄) 碰撞試驗方法 B.1 試驗場地 試驗場地應能容納移動壁障驅動系統、被撞車碰撞后移動和試驗設備的安裝。車輛發生碰撞和移動的場地應水平、平整，路面摩擦系數不小于0.5。 B.2 試驗前的車輛準備 B.2.1 可充電儲能系統荷電量應調整為30%~50% SOC，對于純電動客車，整車應處于上電狀態，對于混合動力客車，整車可處于低壓上電狀態。 B.2.2 試驗車輛應為整備質量狀態。 B.2.3 車窗應為關閉狀態，車門處于關閉但不鎖止狀態。 B.2.4 擋位應處于空擋狀態，駐車制動器松開。 B.2.5 輪胎氣壓應調整到制造商規定的氣壓值。 B.2.6 試驗車輛放置應保證車軸處于水平。 B.3 試驗條件 B.3.1 試驗車輛應保持靜止。 B.3.2 移動變形壁障的特性應符合GB 20071—2006中附錄C規定的特性。移動變形壁障上應裝有適當裝置，以避免與試驗車發生二次碰撞。 B.3.3 試驗時，移動變形壁障撞擊試驗車輛的最薄弱位置。(最薄弱位置主要考慮動力電池安裝及整車防護條件，如車輛側面安裝有動力電池，則優先選擇車輛側面進行碰撞。具體由檢測機構與制造商確定。) B.3.4 移動變形壁障的縱向中垂面軌跡應垂直于被撞車輛的縱向中垂面。 B.3.5 在碰撞瞬間，應確保由變形壁障前表面上邊緣和下邊緣限定的水平中間平面與試驗前確定的位置的上下偏差在±25mm 內。 B.3.6 在碰撞瞬間，應確保由變形壁障前表面左邊緣和右邊緣限定的垂直中間平面與試驗前確定的位置的左右偏差在±25mm 內。 B.4 試驗速度 在碰撞瞬間，移動變形壁障的速度應為50km/h±1km/h，并且該速度至少在碰撞前0.5m 內保持穩定。測量儀器的準確度為1%。如果試驗在更高的碰撞速度下進行，且車輛符合4.7.1的要求，也認為合格。 參 考 文 獻 [1] GB/T 18487.1—2015 電動汽車傳導充電系統 第1部分：通用要求 [2] GB/T 31467.3—2015 電動汽車用鋰離子動力蓄電池包和系統 第3部分：安全性要求與測試方法 [3] GB 38031 電動汽車用動力蓄電池安全要求 [4] UN GTR No.20 Electric Vehicle Safety(EVS)(ECE/TRANS/180/Add.20)