標準編號:	GB/T 38775.1-2020
中文名稱:	電動汽車無線充電系統 第1部分：通用要求
英文名稱:	Electric vehicle wireless power transfer—Part 1:General requirements
中標分類:	T35    車用電子、電氣設備與儀表綜合
行業分類:	GB    國家標準
ICS分類:	43.040 43.040    道路車輛裝置 43.040
發布機構:	國家市場監督管理總局 國家標準化管理委員會
發布日期:	2020-04-28
實施日期:	2020-11-1
標準狀態:	valid
翻譯語言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符數:	29000 字
翻譯價格(元):	700.0
交付時間:	付款后 1 個工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. GB/T 38775 consists of the following 4 parts under the general title of Electric vehicle wireless power transfer: ——Part 1: General; ——Part 2: Communication protocols between on-board charger and wireless power transfer device ——Part 3: Specific requirements ——Part 4: Limits and test methods of electromagnetic environment This is Part 1 of GB/T 38775. This part is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This part was proposed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China. This part is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Automobiles of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 114). Electric vehicle wireless power transfer – Part 1: General requirements 1 Scope This part of GB/T 38775 specifies the general requirements, classification, interoperability requirements, communication requirements, environmental testing, safety requirements, structural requirements, material and component strength requirements, identification and description requirements for electric vehicle wireless power transfer system. This part is applicable to the static magnetically coupled wireless power transfer system for electric vehicles, whose power supply has a maximum rated voltage of 1,000 V(AC) or 1,500 V(DC) and a maximum rated output voltage of 1,000 V(AC) or 1,500 V(DC). 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 156 Standard voltages GB/T 2423.1 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products-Part 2: Test methods-Tests A: Cold GB/T 2423.2 Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods - Tests B: Dry heat GB/T 2423.3 Environmental testing-Part2: Testing method-Test Cab: Damp heat, steady state GB/T 2423.4 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Test method - Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12h+12h cycle) GB/T 2423.17 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Test method - Test Ka: Salt mist GB/T 2423.24 Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods - Test Sa: Simulated solar radiation at ground level and guidance for solar radiation testing GB/T 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code) GB 4943.1-2011 Information technology equipment - Safety - Part 1: General requirements GB/T 7251.1-2013 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 1: General rules GB/T 10963.1-2005 Electrical accessories-Circuit-breakers for overcurrent protection for household and similar installation Part 1: Circuit-breakers for a.c. operation GB/T 11021-2014 Electrical insulation―Thermal evaluation and designation GB/T 11026.1-2016 Electrical insulating materials -Thermal endurance properties- Part 1: Ageing procedures and evaluation of test results GB/T 12113-2003 Methods of measurement of touch current and protective conductor current GB/T 14048.2-2008 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 2: Circuit-breakers GB/T 14048.3-2017 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear-Part 3: Switches, disconnectors, switch-disconnectors and fuse-combination units GB/T 14048.4-2010 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear—Part 4-1:Contactors and motor-starters—Electromechanical contactors and motor-starters(Including motor protector) GB/T 16895.2 Low-voltage electrical installations-Part 4-42:Protection for safety-Protection against thermal effects GB/T 16895.3 Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 5-54: Selection and erection of electrical equipment-Earthing arrangements and protective conductors GB/T 16895.5-2012 Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 4-43: Protection for safety - Protection against overcurrent GB/T 16895.10-2010 Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 4-44: Protection for safety - Protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturbances GB/T 16895.21-2011 Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 4-41: Protection for safety-Protection against electric shock GB/T 16916.1-2014 Residual current operated circuit-breakers without integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses (RCCB) - Part 1: General rules GB/T 16917.1-2014 Residual current operated circuit-breakers with integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses (RCBOs)—Part 1: General rules GB/T 17627.1-1998 High-voltage test techniques for low voltage equipment--Part 1:Definitions，test and procedure requirements GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles GB/T 22794-2017 Type F and type B residual current operated circuit-breakers with and without integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses GB/T 30789.2 Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of coatings - Designation of quantity and size of defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance - Part 2: Assessment of degree of blistering GB/T 30789.3 Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of coatings - Designation of quantity and size of defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance - Part 3: Assessment of degree of rusting GB/T 30789.4 Paints and varnishes-Evaluation of degradation of coatings-Designation of quantity and size of defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance-Part 4:Assessment of degree of cracking GB/T 30789.5 Paints and varnishes-Evaluation of degradation of coatings-Designation of quantity and size of defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance-Part 5: Assessment of degree of flaking GB/T 33594-2017 Charging cables for electric vehicles QC/T 413-2002 Basic Technical Requirements for Automotive Electric Equipment IEC 60364-7-722:2015 Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 7-722: Requirements for special installations or locations - Supplies for electric vehicles 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 19596 and the following apply. 3.1 primary device transmitting terminal of energy, which is the device coupled with the secondary device to convert the electric energy into an alternating electromagnetic field and transmit it directionally 3.2 secondary device receiving terminal of energy, which is the device coupled with the primary device to receive alternating electromagnetic field and convert it into electric energy 3.3 wireless power transfer; WPT a power supply mode that realizes the transfer of electric energy from the power supply terminal to the electrical equipment by means of intangible soft space medium (e.g., electric field, magnetic field, microwave, etc.) Note: Wireless power transfer technology may also be called contactless power transfer (CPT). 3.4 electric vehicle wireless power transfer supply of electric energy for the power battery of electric vehicle by AC or DC power grid (power supply) via wireless power transfer technology, which may also be used to supply power for on-board supply device 3.5 off-board power components power conversion unit that converts electric energy of the power grid into electric energy required by the primary device 3.6 on-board power components components installed on the vehicle, which converts the electric energy received by the secondary device into direct current through power converter so as to power the electric vehicle 3.7 off-board supply device generic term for off-board devices of electric vehicle wireless power transfer system Note: Off-board supply devices include primary devices, off-board power components, communication units, etc. 3.8 on-board supply device generic term for on-board devices of electric vehicle wireless power transfer system Note: On-board supply devices include secondary devices, on-board power components, communication units, etc. 3.9 wireless charging spot generic term for off-board supply facilities that provide wireless charging service for an electric vehicle Note: Wireless charging spots include parking spaces, off-board supply devices and other auxiliary facilities (e.g., device wells accommodating primary devices, off-board limiting devices, positioning auxiliary equipment, etc.). 3.10 mechanical air gap the shortest distance between the upper surface of the primary device and the lower surface of the secondary device 3.11 operational air gap distance between the upper surface of the magnetic field transmitting coil of the primary device and the lower surface of the magnetic field receiving coil of the secondary device 3.12 foreign objects any object between the primary device and the secondary device, which is neither part of the electric vehicle nor part of the electric vehicle wireless charging spot 3.13 arm's reach vertical distance from the ground to the fingertip of a person, or one-third of this distance in any direction (see Figure 1) Key: a——the distance when a person stretches the body completely; b——the distance of a person to reach something. Figure 1 Arm's reach 3.14 system efficiency efficiency of power transfer from AC (or DC) power supply input to battery/on-board supply device of electric vehicle Note: See Figure 2 for the measuring points of system efficiency. 3.15 protection areas areas with the same kind of protection requirements in and around an electric vehicle 4 Abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviations apply. CSU: Communication Service Unit CB: Circuit Breaker EMC: Electromagnetic Compatibility EMF: Electromagnetic Fields IVU: In-Vehicle Unit MF-WPT: Wireless Power Transfer Through Magnetic Field RCBO: Residual Current Circuit Breaker with Overcurrent Protection RCD: Residual Current Device 5 General requirements for power transfer system 5.1 General The general requirements for power transfer system include: a) The voltage class of off-board supply device shall conform to the standard nominal voltage specified in GB/T 156. The alternating current frequency is 50Hz±1Hz, and other frequencies may be used for the alternating current for special purposes. b) The on-board supply device shall have good coupling with the off-board supply device, so as to ensure the safe operation of the electric vehicle wireless power transfer system. c) The off-board supply device of the electric vehicle wireless power transfer system shall ensure stable performance during normal use, and shall also be able to ensure the safety of the users of the electric vehicle wireless power transfer system and the surrounding environment to the greatest extent. 5.2 Schematic diagram Figure 2 shows the schematic diagram for a wireless power transfer system of AC input electric vehicles. See Annex A for the block diagram of the electric vehicle wireless power transfer system. See Annex B for an example of magnetic coupling.

Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Abbreviations 5 General requirements for power transfer system 5.1 General 5.2 Schematic diagram 5.3 Measurement principle 5.4 Installation of primary device 6 Classification 6.1 Classification bases 6.2 Power level 6.3 Environmental conditions 7 Interoperability requirements 7.1 General 7.2 Power level 7.3 Rated operating frequency 7.4 Resonant circuit 7.5 Tuning (optional) 7.6 System efficiency 8 Communication requirements 9 Environmental testing 9.1 General 9.2 Requirement for operating ambient temperature 9.3 Ambient humidity test 9.4 Dry heat test 9.5 Low temperature test 10 Safety requirements 10.1 General 10.2 Requirements for electric shock protection 10.3 Requirements for overload protection and short circuit withstand 10.4 Requirements for temperature rise and overheating prevention 10.5 Protection requirements for mechanical accidents 10.6 Protection areas 11 Structural requirements 11.1 General 11.2 Requirements for breaking capacity of switchgears 11.3 Structural requirements for on-board supply device 11.4 Requirements for power cable components 12 Material and component strength requirements 12.1 Corrosion protection 12.2 Enclosure inspection 12.3 Vehicle rolling 13 Identification and description requirements 13.1 General 13.2 Identification of device Annex A (Informative) Block diagram for electric vehicle wireless power transfer system Annex B (Informative) Magnetic coupling

3 術語和定義 GB/T 19596界定的以及下列術語和定義適用于本文件。 3.1 原邊設備 primary device 能量的發射端，與副邊設備耦合，將電能轉化成交變電磁場并定向發射的裝置。 3.2 副邊設備 secondary device 能量的接收端，與原邊設備耦合，接收交變電磁場并轉化成電能的裝置。 3.3 無線電能傳輸 wireless power transfer；WPT 一種借助于空間無形軟介質(如電場、磁場、微波等)實現將電能由電源端傳遞至用電設備的一種供電模式。 注：無線電能傳輸技術也可稱為非接觸電能傳輸技術(contactless power transfer，CPT)。 3.4 電動汽車無線充電 electric vehicle wireless power transfer 將交流或直流電網(電源)通過無線電能傳輸技術，為電動汽車動力電池提供電能，也可以為車載設備供電。 3.5 非車載功率組件 off-board power components 將電網的電能轉換成原邊設備所需電能的功率變換單元。 3.6 車載功率組件 on-board power components 安裝在車輛上，將副邊設備接收的電能通過功率變換器轉變為直流電，供給電動汽車。 3.7 地面設備 off-board supply device 電動汽車無線充電系統的地面側設備的統稱。 注：地面設備包括原邊設備、非車載功率組件及通信單元等。 3.8 車載設備 on-board supply device 電動汽車無線充電系統的車載側設備的統稱。 注：車載設備包括副邊設備、車載功率組件及通信單元等。 3.9 無線充電位 wireless charging spot 為一輛電動汽車提供無線充電服務的地面設施統稱。 注：無線充電位包括停車位、地面設備和其他輔助設施(如容納原邊設備的設備井，地面限位裝置，定位輔助設備等)。 3.10 機械氣隙 mechanical air gap 原邊設備上表面與副邊設備下表面最短的間距。 3.11 工作氣隙 operational air gap 原邊設備磁場發射線圈上表面與副邊設備磁場接收線圈下表面之間的距離。 3.12 異物 foreign objects 位于原邊設備和副邊設備之間的任何物體。其既不是電動汽車的一部分，也不是電動汽車無線充電位的一部分。 3.13 臂展范圍 arm's reach 從地面到人指尖的垂直距離，或是任意方向下此距離的三分之一。(見圖1) 說明： a——表示一個人完全舒展開的距離； b——表示一個人去夠東西的距離。 圖1 臂展范圍 3.14 系統效率 system efficiency 電能傳輸從交流(或直流)電源輸入到電動汽車電池/車載設備的效率。 注：系統效率的測量點見圖2。 3.15 保護區域 protection areas 電動汽車內及周圍具有同種類保護需求的區域。 4 縮略語 下列縮略語適用于本文件。 CSU：地面通信控制單元(Communication Service Unit) CB：斷路器(Circuit Breaker) EMC：電磁兼容性(Electromagnetic Compatibility) EMF：電磁輻射(Electromagnetic Fields) IVU：車載通信控制單元(In-Vehicle Unit) MF-WPT：以磁場為介質的無線電能傳輸(Wireless Power Transfer Through Magnetic Field) RCBO：帶過流保護的剩余電流動作保護器(Residual Current Circuit Breaker with Overcurrent Protection) RCD：剩余電流動作保護器(Residual Current Device) 5 充電系統總體要求 5.1 一般要求 充電系統的一般要求包括： a) 非車載供電設備的電壓等級應符合GB/T 156規定的標準標稱電壓。其中，交流電頻率50Hz±1Hz，對于特殊用途的交流電可以使用其他頻率。 b) 車載設備應與地面設備具有良好的耦合性，從而確保電動汽車無線充電系統的安全運行。 c) 電動汽車無線充電系統的地面設備，應保證在正常使用時性能穩定，并能最大程度的保證對電動汽車無線充電系統使用者以及周邊環境安全。 5.2 原理圖 圖2給出了一種交流輸入電動汽車無線充電系統的原理示意圖，電動汽車無線充電系統的系統框圖參見附錄A，一種磁耦合的示例參見附錄B。 電網 供電端 電動汽車 無線電能傳輸系統 電池 車載電氣設備 便攜式無線電能傳輸系統 電池 車載電氣設備 圖2 交流輸入電動汽車無線充電系統(固定安裝設備和便攜式設備) 圖2中各個序號代表的含義見表1。 表1 電動汽車無線充電系統各部分名稱 圖中序號 名稱 ① 非車載功率組件 ② 原邊設備 ③ 副邊設備 ④ 車載功率組件 ⑤ 地面設備 ⑥ 車載設備 ⑦ 地面通信控制單元 (CSU) ⑧ 車載通信控制單元 (IVU) ⑨ 地面設備 (便攜式 ) ⑩ CB或者 RCD或者 RCBO ? 效率測試點 1 ? 效率測試點 2 ? 插頭和插座 a 無線電能傳輸 b 通訊 5.3 測量原則 5.3.1 坐標系 描述原副邊設備的三維坐標系如圖3所示，X 軸為車輛行駛方向，+X 表示車尾方向，Y 軸為垂直于行駛方向，Z 軸為高度，該坐標系的原點為參考點。 Z：高度 參考點 X：行駛方向 +X：車尾方向 Y：垂直于行駛方向 圖3 坐標系方向定義 5.3.2 停車方位 原邊設備安裝位置如圖4所示，參數說明見表2。 寬度 原邊 參考零點 長度 圖4 原邊設備位置 表2 原邊設備位置 方向 參數值 mm 坐標軸 行駛方向 ±x X 行駛方向的橫向 ±y Y 高度方向 ±z Z 5.3.3 偏移量 X 、Y 方向上的偏移量為副邊中心點與零點之間的偏差，如圖5所示，其參數說明見表3。 -Y偏移 車尾 原邊 副邊 右 零點 車頭 -X偏移 左 圖5 X 方向和Y 方向的最大偏移 表3 偏移 方向 偏移距離 mm 坐標軸 行駛方向 ±x X 行駛方向的橫向 ±y Y 5.3.4 原邊設備尺寸測量 原邊設備的尺寸測量定義如表4。 表4 原邊設備 方向 參數值 mm 坐標軸 行駛方向 x X 行駛方向的橫向 y Y 高度方向 z Z 5.3.5 機械氣隙測量 機械氣隙測量如表5。 表5 機械氣隙 方向 參數值 mm 坐標軸 高度方向 z Z 5.4 原邊設備的安裝 5.4.1 安裝方式 原邊設備的安裝方式有： a) 地埋安裝； b) 地上安裝； c) 其他安裝方式(如汽車頂部上方安裝、墻面安裝、原邊設備升降式安裝等)。 5.4.2 地埋安裝 地埋安裝如圖6所示，原邊設備完全埋藏于地下，原邊設備的表面存在于Z 軸零坐標處。 圖6 地埋安裝 圖6中各數字表示的含義在表6中給出。 表6 地埋安裝各部分名稱 圖中序號 名稱 ① 工作氣隙 ② 機械氣隙 ③ 原邊設備封裝和保護高度 (含蓋板 ) ④ 副邊設備封裝和保護高度 ⑤ 路面 注：原邊設備和副邊設備之間的距離大于或等于副邊設備到地面的間隙。 5.4.3 地上安裝 地上安裝如圖7所示，原邊設備以突出地面一定高度的方式安裝。在路面之上的安裝高度由制造商的安裝指南給定。 最大安裝高度也應符合國家相關管理條例，如城市道路管理條例。 圖7 地上安裝 圖7中各數字表示的含義在表7中給出。 表7 地上安裝各部分名稱 圖中序號 名稱 ① 工作氣隙 ② 機械氣隙 ③ 原邊線圈上表面到原邊保護蓋板上表面的高度 ④ 副邊線圈下表面到副邊設備下表面的高度 ⑤ 路面 ⑥ 安裝高度 6 分類 6.1 分類依據 本部分的磁耦合電動汽車無線充電系統分類依據如下兩個因素： a) 功率等級； b) 環境狀況。 6.2 功率等級 磁耦合電動汽車無線充電系統的輸入功率等級分類見表8。 表8 輸入功率等級分類 類別 MF-WPT1 MF-WPT2 MF-WPT3 MF-WPT4 MF-WPT5 MF-WPT6 MF-WPT7 功率范圍 kW P≤3.7 3.766 注：MF-WPT3、MF-WPT4、MF-WPT5、MF-WPT6、MF-WPT7系統不適用于單相電輸入。 6.3 環境狀況 磁耦合電動汽車無線充電系統的地面設備，根據用途和環境狀況可分為： a) 室內使用； b) 室外使用。 7 互操作性要求 7.1 一般要求 地面設備和車載設備滿足以下條件時，為可互操作的，地面設備才能向電動汽車進行無線電能傳輸。 a) 功率等級符合表8的要求； b) 工作氣隙相匹配； c) 相同的標稱工作頻率； d) 電路拓撲結構相兼容； e) 調諧(可選)； f) 合理的系統效率及功率因數； g) 并且符合： 1) EMC及EMF要求； 2) 防護要求； 3) 輸電過程使用兼容的通信方式。 7.2 功率等級 相同功率等級和不同功率等級的地面設備和車載設備之間的互操作性要求如表9所示。 表9 功率等級的互操作性 車載設備 地面設備 MF-WPT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 支持 A A A A A A 2 B 支持 A A A A A 3 A A 支持 A A A A 4 A A A 支持 A A A 5 A A A A 支持 A A 6 A A A A A 支持 A 7 A A A A A A 支持 注1：A表示待定 ，待后續版本修訂或在其他標準中制定。 注2：B表示建議設備商支持。 7.3 額定工作頻率 可互操作的地面設備和車載設備應使用相同的額定工作頻率。 7.4 諧振電路 原邊設備的諧振電路拓撲應與副邊設備諧振電路拓撲相匹配。 7.5 調諧(可選) 電動汽車無線充電系統工作頻率宜調諧。 注：調諧的目的為防止系統出現超調，當原、副邊設備出現錯位、氣隙波動等情況，可通過頻率調諧進行校正。 7.6 系統效率 互操作性需要系統效率在額定工作點上及偏移條件下應不小于制造商標定的最低限值。 電動汽車無線充電系統的額定工作點應滿足以下條件： a) 系統以額定功率輸出； b) 原副邊設備應處于對齊狀態； c) 工作氣隙為廠商設定或說明的唯一的值。