標準編號:	GB/T 7251.1-2013
中文名稱:	低壓成套開關設備和控制設備 第1部分:總則
英文名稱:	Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies―Part 1:General rules
中標分類:	K31    低壓配電電器
行業分類:	GB    國家標準
發布機構:	中華人民共和國國家質量監督檢驗檢疫總局 中國國家標準化管理委員會
發布日期:	2013-12-31
實施日期:	2015-1-13
標準狀態:	superseded
被替代日期:	2024-3-1
作廢日期:	2024-03-01
替代舊標準:	GB 7251.1-2013 低壓成套開關設備和控制設備 第1部分:總則 其文本不做任何
翻譯語言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符數:	21000 字
翻譯價格(元):	600.0
交付時間:	付款后 1 個工作日

Low-voltage Switchgear and Controlgear Assemblies – Part 1: General Rules 低壓成套開關設備和控制設備 第1部分:總則 1 Scope This part of GB 7251 lays down the definitions and states of the service conditions, construction requirements, technical characteristics and verification requirements for low voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies (hereinafter referred to as “ASSEMBLY”) (see 3.1.1). This standard cannot be used alone to specify an ASSEMBLY or used for a purpose of determining conformity. ASSEMBLIES shall comply with the relevant part of the GB 7251 series; Parts 2 onwards. This part applies to low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies (ASSEMBLIES) only when required by the relevant ASSEMBLY standard as follows: ——ASSEMBLIES for which the rated voltage does not exceed 1000V in case of a.c. or 1500V in case of d.c.; ——stationary or movable ASSEMBLIES with or without enclosure; ——ASSEMBLIES intended for use in connection with the generation, transmission, distribution and conversion of electric energy, and for the control of electric energy consuming equipment; ——ASSEMBLIES designed for use under special service conditions, for example in ships and in rail vehicles provided that the other relevant specific requirements are complied with; Note 1: supplementary requirements for ASSEMBLIES in ships are covered by GB/T 7061. ——ASSEMBLIES designed for electrical equipment of machines provided that the other relevant specific requirements are complied with. Note 2: supplementary requirements for ASSEMBLIES forming part of a machine are covered by the GB 5226 series. This part applies to all ASSEMBLIES whether they are designed, manufactured and verified on a one-off basis or fully standardized and manufactured in quantity. The manufacture and/or assembly may be carried out other than by the original manufacturer (see 3.10.1). This standard does not apply to individual devices and self-contained components, such as motor starters, fuse switches, electronic equipment, etc. which will comply with the relevant product standards. 2 Normative References The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 2423.17-2008 Environmental Testing for Electric and Electronic Products – Part 2: Test Method – Test Ka: Salt Mist (IEC 60068-2-11:1981, IDT) GB/T 2423.2-2008 Environmental Testing for Electric and Electronic Products – Part 2: Test Methods – Test B: Dry Heat (IEC 60068-2-2:2007, IDT) GB/T 2423.4-2008 Environmental Testing for Electric and Electronic Products – Part 2: Test method – Test Db: Damp Heat, Cyclic (12h+12h Cycle) (IEC 60068-2-30:2005, IDT) GB/T 4025-2010 Basic and Safety Principles for Man-machine Interface (MMI), Marking and Identification – Coding Principles for Indicators and Actuators (IEC 60073:2002, IDT) GB/T 4205-2010 Basic and Safety Principles for Man-machine Interface (MMI), Marking and Identification – Actuating Principles (IEC 60447:2004, IDT) GB 4208-2008 Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosure (IP Code) (IEC 60529:2001, IDT) GB/T 5013.3-2008 Rubber Insulated Cables of Rated Voltages up to and Including 450/750V – Part 3: Heat Resistant Silicone Insulated Cables (IEC 60245-3:1994, IDT) GB/T 5169.10-2006 Fire Hazard Testing for Electric and Electronic Products – Part 10: Glow/Hot-wire Based Test Methods – Glow-wire Apparatus and Common Test Procedure (IEC 60695-2-10:2000, IDT) GB/T 5169.11-2006 Fire Hazard Testing for Electric and Electronic Products – Part 11: Glow/Hot-wire Based Test Methods – Glow-wire Flammability Test Method for End-products (IEC 60695-2-11:2000, IDT) GB/T 5169.5-2008 Fire Hazard Testing for Electric and Electronic Products – Part 5: Test Flames-Needle Test Method – Apparatus Confirmatory Arrangement and Guidance (IEC 60695-11-5:2004, IDT) GB/T 9341-2008 Plastics – Determination of Flexural Properties (ISO 178:2001, IDT) GB/T 16895.10-2010 Low-voltage Electrical Installations – Part 4-44: Protection for Safety – Protection against Voltage Disturbances and Electromagnetic Disturbances (IEC 60364-4-44:2007, IDT) GB 16895.21-2011 Low-voltage Electrical Installations – Part 4-41: Protection for Safety – Protection Against Electric Shock (IEC 60364-4-41:2005, IDT) GB/T 16935.1-2008 Insulation Coordination for Equipment within Low-voltage Systems – Part 1: Principles, Requirements and Tests (IEC 60664-1:2007, IDT) GB/T 17626.11-2008 Electromagnetic Compatibility – Testing and Measurement Techniques – Voltage Dips, Short Interruptions and Voltage Variations Immunity Tests (IEC 61000-4-11:2004, IDT) GB/T 17626.13-2006 Electromagnetic Compatibility – Testing and Measurement Techniques – Harmonics and Interharmonics Including Mains Signaling at A.C. Power Port, Low Frequency Immunity Test (IEC 61000-4-13:2002 ), IDT) GB/T 17626.4-2008 Electromagnetic Compatibility – Testing and Measurement Techniques – Electrical Fast Transient/Burst Immunity Test (IEC 61000-4-4:2004, IDT) GB/T 17626.5-2008 Electromagetic Compatibility – Testing and Measurement Techniques – Surge (Impact) Immunity Test (IEC 61000-4-5:2005, IDT) GB/T 20138-2006 Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosures for Electrical Equipment Against External Mechanical Impacts (IK Code) (IEC 62262:2002, IDT) GB/T 24276-2009 A Method of Temperature-rise Assessment by Extrapolation for Partially Type-tested Assemblies (PTTA) of Low-voltage Switchgear and Controlgear (IEC/TR 60890:1987+IEC/TR 60890:1987/Amd1:1995, IDT) IEC 60085:2007 Electrical Insulation – Thermal Evaluation and Designation IEC 60216 (All Parts) Electrical Insulating Materials – Properties of Thermal Endurance (All Parts) IEC 60227-3:1993 Polyvinyl Chloride Insulated Cables of Rated Voltages up to and Including 450/750 V – Part 3: Non-sheathed Cables for Fixed Wiring IEC 60245-4:1994 Rubber Insulated Cables – Rated Voltages up to and Including 450/750 V – Part 4: Cords and Flexible Cables IEC 60364 Low-voltage Electrical Installations (All Parts) IEC 60364-5-52:2009 Low-voltage Electrical Installations – Part 5-52: Selection and Erection of Electrical Equipment – Wiring Systems IEC 60364-5-53:2001 Electrical Installations of Buildings – Part 5-53: Selection and Erection of Electrical Equipment – Isolation, Switching and Control IEC 60364-5-54:2011 Low-voltage Electrical Installations – Part 5-54: Selection and Erection of Electrical Equipment – Earthing Arrangements and Protective Conductors IEC 60439 (All Parts) Low-voltage Switchgear and Controlgear Assemblies (All Parts) IEC 60445:2010 Basic and Safety Principles for Man-machine Interface, Marking and Identification – Identification of Equipment Terminals, Conductor Terminations and Conductors IEC 60865-1:1993 Short-circuit Currents – Calculation of Effects – Part 1: Definitions and Calculation Methods IEC 60947-1:2007 Low-voltage Switchgear and Controlgear – Part 1: General Rules IEC 61000-4-2:2008 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) -Part 4-2: Testing and Measurement Techniques – Electrostatic Discharge Immunity Test IEC 61000-4-3:2006 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-3: Testing and measurement Techniques – Radiated, Radio Frequency, Electromagnetic Field Immunity Test ) IEC 61000-4-6:2008 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-6: Testing and Measurement Techniques – Immunity to Conducted Disturbances, Induced by Radio-Frequency Fields IEC 61000-4-8:2009 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-8: Testing and Measurement Techniques – Power Frequency Magnetic Field Immunity Test IEC 61000-6-4:2006 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) – Part 6-4: Generic Standards – Emission Standard for Industrial Environments ) IEC 61082-1 Preparation of Documents Used in Electro-technology – Part 1: Rules IEC 61180 (All Parts) High-voltage Test Techniques for Low-voltage Equipment (All Parts) IEC 61201:2007 Extra-low Voltage (ELV) – Limit Values IEC 61439 (All Parts) Low-voltage Switchgear and Controlgear Assemblies (All Parts) IEC 62208 Empty Enclosures for Low-voltage Switchgear and Controlgear Assemblies – General Requirements IEC 81346-1 Industrial Systems, Installations and Equipment and Industrial Products – Structuring Principles and Reference Designations – Part 1: Basic Rules IEC 81346-2 Industrial Systems, Installations and Equipment and Industrial Products – Structuring Principles and Reference Designations – Part 2: Classification of Objects and Codes for Classes IEC/CISPR 11:2009 Industrial, Scientific and Medical Equipment – Radio-frequency Disturbance Characteristics – Limits and Methods of Measurement ) IEC/CISPR 22 Information Technology Equipment – Radio Disturbance Characteristics – Limits and Methods of Measurement ISO 179 (All Parts) Plastics – Determination of Charpy Impact Strength (All Parts) ISO 2409:2007 Paints and Varnishes – Cross-cut Test ISO 4628-3:2003 Paints and Varnishes – Evaluation of Degradation of Coatings – Designation of Quantity and Size of Defects, and of Intensity of Uniform Changes in Appearance – Part 3: Assessment of Degree of Rusting ISO 4892-2:2006 Plastics – Methods of Exposure to Laboratory Light Sources – Part 2: Xenonarc Lamps 3 Terms and Definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 General Terms 3.1.1 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly (ASSEMBLY) Combination of one or more low-voltage switching devices together with associated control, measuring, signaling, protective, regulating equipment, with all the internal electrical and mechanical interconnections and structural parts. 3.1.2 ASSEMBLY system Full range of mechanical and electrical components (enclosures, busbars, functional units, etc.), as defined by the original manufacturer, which can be assembled in accordance with the original manufacturer’s instructions in order to produce various ASSEMBLIES. 3.1.3 Main circuit (of an ASSEMBLY) All the conductive parts of an ASSEMBLY included in a circuit which is intended to transmit electrical energy. [IEC 60050-441:1984, 441-13-02] 3.1.4 Auxiliary circuit (of an ASSEMBLY) All the conductive parts of an ASSEMBLY included in a circuit (other than the main circuit) intended to control, measure, signal, regulate and process data, etc. Note: The auxiliary circuits of an ASSEMBLY include the control and the auxiliary circuits of the switching devices. [IEC 60050-441:1984, 441-13-03, modified] 3.1.5 Busbar Low-impedance conductor to which several electric circuits can be separately connected. Note: the term "busbar" does not presuppose the geometrical shape, size or dimensions of the conductor. 3.1.6 Main busbar Busbar to which one or several distribution busbars and/or incoming and outgoing units can be connected 3.1.7 Distribution busbar Busbar within one section which is connected to a main busbar and from which outgoing units are supplied. Note: Conductors that are connected between a functional unit and a busbar are not considered as a part of the distribution busbars. 3.1.8 Functional unit Part of an ASSEMBLY comprising all the electrical and mechanical elements including switching devices that contribute to the fulfillment of the same function. Note: Conductors which are connected to a functional unit but which are external to its compartment or enclosed protected space (e.g. auxiliary cables connected to a common compartment) are not considered to form part of the functional unit. 3.1.9 Incoming unit Functional unit through which electrical energy is normally fed into the ASSEMBLY. 3.1.10 Outgoing unit Functional unit through which electrical energy is normally supplied to one or more external circuits. 3.1.11 Short-circuit protective device; SCPD Device intended to protect a circuit or parts of a circuit against short-circuit currents by interrupting them. [2.2.21 of IEC 60947-1:2007] 3.2 Constructional Units of ASSEMBLIES 3.2.1 Fixed part Part consisting of components assembled and wired on a common support and which is designed for fixed installation. 3.2.2 Removable part Part consisting of components assembled and wired on a common support which is intended to be removed entirely from the ASSEMBLY and replaced whilst the circuit to which it is connected may be live. 3.2.3 Connected position Position of a removable part when it is fully connected for its intended function 3.2.4 Removed position Position of a removable part when it is outside the ASSEMBLY, and mechanically and electrically separated from it. 3.2.5 Insertion interlock Device preventing the introduction of a removable part into a location not intended for that removable part. 3.2.6 Fixed connection Connection which is connected or disconnected by means of a tool. 3.2.7 Section Constructional unit of an ASSEMBLY between two successive vertical delineations. 3.2.8 Sub-section Constructional unit of an ASSEMBLY between two successive horizontal or vertical delineations within a section. 3.2.9 Compartment Section or sub-section enclosed except for openings necessary for interconnection, control or ventilation. 3.2.10 Transport unit Part of an ASSEMBLY or a complete ASSEMBLY suitable for transportation without being dismantled. 3.2.11 Shutter Part which can be moved between: ——a position in which it permits engagement of the contacts of a removable part with fixed contacts, and ——a position in which it becomes a part of a cover or a partition shielding the fixed contacts. [IEC 60050-441:1984, 441-13-07, modified] 3.3 External Design of ASSEMBLIES 3.3.1 Open-type ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY consisting of a structure which supports the electrical equipment, the live parts of the electrical equipment being accessible. 3.3.2 Dead-front ASSEMBLY Open-type ASSEMBLY with a front cover; live parts may be accessible from directions other than the front. 3.3.3 Enclosed ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY which is enclosed on all sides with the possible exception of its mounting surface in such a manner as to provide a defined degree of protection. 3.3.4 Cubicle-type ASSEMBLY Enclosed ASSEMBLY of the floor-standing type which may comprise several sections, sub-sections or compartments. 3.3.5 Multi-cubicle-type ASSEMBLY Combination of a number of mechanically joined cubicle-type ASSEMBLIES. 3.3.6 Desk-type ASSEMBLY Enclosed ASSEMBLY with a horizontal or inclined control panel or a combination of both, which incorporates control, measuring, signalling apparatus, etc. 3.3.7 Box-type ASSEMBLY Enclosed ASSEMBLY, intended to be mounted on a vertical plane 3.3.8 Multi-box-type ASSEMBLY Combination of box-type ASSEMBLIES mechanically joined together, with or without a common supporting frame, the electrical connections passing between two adjacent boxes through openings in the adjoining faces. 3.3.9 Wall-mounted surface type ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY for installation on the surface of a wall. 3.3.10 Wall-mounted recessed type ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY for installation into a wall recess, where the enclosure does not support the portion of wall above. 3.4 Structural Parts of ASSEMBLIES 3.4.1 Supporting structure Structure forming part of an ASSEMBLY designed to support various components of the ASSEMBLY and any enclosure. 3.4.2 Mounting structure Structure not forming part of an ASSEMBLY designed to support an ASSEMBLY. 3.4.3 Mounting plate Plate designed to support various components and suitable for installation in an ASSEMBLY. 3.4.4 Mounting frame Framework designed to support various components and suitable for installation in an ASSEMBLY. 3.4.5 Enclosure Housing affording the type and degree of protection suitable for the intended application. [GB/T 2900.73-2008, 195-02-35]. 3.4.6 Cover External part of the enclosure of an ASSEMBLY. 3.4.7 Door Hinged or sliding cover. 3.4.8 Removable cover Cover which is designed for closing an opening in the external enclosure and which can be removed for carrying out certain operations and maintenance work. 3.4.9 Cover plate Part of an ASSEMBLY which is used for closing an opening in the external enclosure and designed to be held in place by screws or similar means. Note 1: It is not normally removed after the equipment is put into service. Note 2: The cover plate can be provided with cable entries. 3.4.10 Partition Part of the enclosure of a compartment separating it from other compartments. 3.4.11 Barrier Part providing protection against direct contact from any direction of access. [GB/T 2900.73-2008, 195-06-15, modified] 3.4.12 Obstacle Part preventing unintentional direct contact, but not preventing direct contact by deliberate action. [GB/T 2900.73-2008, 195-06-16, modified] Note: obstacles are intended to prevent unintentional contact with live parts but not intentional contact by deliberate circumvention of the obstacle. They are intended to protect skilled or instructed persons but are not intended to protect ordinary persons. 3.4.13 Terminal shield Part enclosing terminals and providing a defined degree of protection against access to live parts by persons or objects. 3.4.14 Cable entry Part with openings which permit the passage of cables into the ASSEMBLY. 3.4.15 Enclosed protected space Part of an ASSEMBLY intended to enclose electrical components and which provides defined protection against external influences and contact with live parts. 3.5 Conditions of Installation of ASSEMBLIES 3.5.1 ASSEMBLY for indoor installation ASSEMBLY which is designed for use in locations where the normal service conditions for indoor use as specified in 7.1 are fulfilled. 3.5.2 ASSEMBLY for outdoor installation ASSEMBLY which is designed for use in locations where the normal service conditions for outdoor use as specified in 7.1 are fulfilled. 3.5.3 Stationary ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY which is designed to be fixed at its place of installation, for instance to the floor or to a wall, and to be used at this place. 3.5.4 Movable ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY which is designed so that it can readily be moved from one place of use to another. 3.6 Insulation Characteristics 3.6.1 Clearance The distance between two conductive parts along a string stretched the shortest way between these conductive parts. [IEC 60050-441:1984, 441-17-31] 3.6.2 Creepage distance The shortest distance along the surface of a solid insulating material between two conductive parts. [GB/T 2900.83-2008, 151-15-50] Note: A joint between two pieces of insulating material is considered part of the surface. 3.6.3 Overvoltage Any voltage having a peak value exceeding the corresponding peak value of the maximum steady-state voltage at normal operating conditions. [Definition 3.7 of GB/T 16935.1-2008] 3.6.4 Temporary overvoltage Overvoltage at power frequency of relatively long duration (several seconds). [Definition 3.7.1 of GB/T 16935.1-2008, modified] 3.6.5 Transient overvoltage Short duration overvoltage of a few milliseconds or less, oscillatory or non-oscillatory, usually highly damped. [GB/T 2900.57-2008, 604-03-13] 3.6.6 Power-frequency withstand voltage r.m.s. value of a power-frequency sinusoidal voltage which does not cause breakdown under specified conditions of test. [Definition 2.5.56 of IEC 60947-1:2007] Note: the power-frequency withstand voltage is equivalent to the short-term temporary overvoltage in GB/T 16935.1. 3.6.7 Impulse withstand voltage Highest peak value of impulse voltage of prescribed form and polarity which does not cause breakdown of insulation under specified conditions. [Definition 3.8.1 of GB/T 16935.1-2008] 3.6.8 Pollution Any addition of solid, liquid or gaseous foreign matter that can result in a reduction of the dielectric strength or surface resistivity of insulation. [Definition 3.11 of GB/T 16935.1-2008, modified] 3.6.9 Pollution degree (of environmental conditions) Conventional number based on the amount of conductive or hygroscopic dust, ionized gas or salt, and on the relative humidity and its frequency of occurrence resulting in hygroscopic absorption or condensation of moisture leading to reduction in dielectric strength and/or surface resistivity. Note 1: the pollution degree to which the insulating materials of devices and components are exposed may be different from that of the macro-environment where the devices or components are located because of protection offered by means such as an enclosure or internal heating to prevent absorption or condensation of moisture. Note 2: for the purpose of this standard, the pollution degree is of the micro-environment. [Definition 2.5.58 of IEC 60947-1:2007] 3.6.10 Micro-environment (of a clearance or creepage distance) Immediate environment of the insulation which particularly influences the dimensioning of the creepage distances. Note: The micro-environment of the creepage distance or clearance and not the environment of the ASSEMBLY or components determines the effect on the insulation. The micro-environment may be better or worse than the environment of the ASSEMBLY or components. [Definition 3.12.2 of GB/T 16935.1-2008] 3.6.11 Overvoltage category (of a circuit or within an electrical system) Conventional number based on limiting (or controlling) the values of prospective transient overvoltages occurring in a circuit (or within an electrical system having different nominal voltages) and depending upon the means employed to influence the overvoltages. Note: In an electrical system, the transition from one overvoltage category to another of lower category is obtained through appropriate means complying with interface requirements, such as an overvoltage protective device or a series-shunt impedance arrangement capable of dissipating, absorbing, or diverting the energy in the associated surge current, to lower the transient overvoltage value to that of the desired lower overvoltage category. [Definition 2.5.60 of IEC 60947-1:2007] 3.6.12 Surge arrester Surge protective device; SPD Device designed to protect the electrical apparatus from high transient overvoltages and to limit the duration and frequently the amplitude of the follow-on current. [Definition 2.2.22 of IEC 60947-1:2007] 3.6.13 Insulation co-ordination Correlation of insulating characteristics of electrical equipment with the expected overvoltages and the characteristics of overvoltage protective devices on the one hand, and with the expected micro-environment and the pollution protective means on the other hand. [Definition 2.5.61 of IEC 60947-1:2007] 3.6.14 Inhomogeneous (non-uniform) field Electric field which has not an essentially constant voltage gradient between electrodes. [Definition 2.5.63 of IEC 60947-1:2007] 3.6.15 Tracking Progressive formation of conducting paths which are produced on the surface of a solid insulating material, due to the combined effects of electric stress and electrolytic contamination on this surface. [Definition 2.5.64 of IEC 60947-1:2007] 3.6.16 Comparative tracking index CTI Numerical value of the maximum voltage in volts at which a material withstands 50 drops of a defined test liquid without tracking. Note: the value of each test voltage and the CTI should be divisible by 25. [Definition 2.5.65 of IEC 60947-1:2007, modified] 3.6.17 Disruptive discharge Phenomena associated with the failure of insulation under electrical stress, in which the discharge completely bridges the insulation under test, reducing the voltage between the electrodes to zero or nearly zero. Note 1: a disruptive discharge in a solid dielectric produces permanent loss of dielectric strength; in a liquid or gaseous dielectric, the loss may be only temporary. Note 2: the term "sparkover" is used when a disruptive discharge occurs in a gaseous or liquid dielectric. Note 3: the term "flashover" is used when a disruptive discharge occurs over the surface of a dielectric in a gaseous or liquid medium. Note 4: the term "puncture" is used when a disruptive discharge occurs through a solid dielectric. 3.7 Protection against Electric Shock 3.7.1 Live part Conductor or conductive part intended to be energized in normal operation, including a neutral conductor, but by convention not a PEN conductor. Note: This term does not necessarily imply a risk of electric shock. [GB/T 2900.73-2008, 195-02-19, modified] 3.7.2 Hazardous live part Live part which, under certain conditions, can give a harmful electric shock. [GB/T 2900.73-2008, 195-06-05] 3.7.3 Exposed conductive part Conductive part of the ASSEMBLY, which can be touched and which is not normally live, but which may become a hazardous live part under fault conditions. [GB/T 2900.71-2008, 826-12-10, modified] 3.7.4 Protective conductor (Identification: PE) Conductor provided for purposes of safety, for example protection against electric shock [GB/T 2900.71-2008, 826-13-22] Note: as an example the protective conductor can electrically connect the following parts: ——exposed conductive parts; ——extraneous conductive parts; ——main earthing terminal; ——earth electrode; ——earthed point of the source or artificial neutral. 3.7.5 Neutral conductor N Conductor electrically connected to the neutral point and capable of contributing to the distribution of electric energy. [GB/T 2900.73-2008, 195-02-06, modified] 3.7.6 PEN conductor Conductor combining the functions of both a protective earthing conductor and a neutral conductor. [GB/T 2900.73-2008, 195-02-12] 3.7.7 Fault current Current resulting from an insulation failure, the bridging of insulation or incorrect connection in an electrical circuit. 3.7.8 Basic protection Protection against electric shock under fault-free conditions. [GB/T 2900.73-2008, 195-06-01] Note: Basic protection is intended to prevent contact with live parts and generally corresponds to protection against direct contact. 3.7.9 Basic insulation Insulation of hazardous live parts, which provide basic protection. [GB/T 2900.73-2008, 195-06-06] Note: this concept does not apply to insulation used exclusively for functional purposes. 3.7.10 Fault protection Protection against electric shock under single-fault conditions (e.g. failure of basic insulation). [GB/T 2900.73-2008, 195-06-02, modified] Note: fault protection generally corresponds to protection against indirect contact, mainly with regard to failure of basic insulation. 3.7.11 Extra-low voltage; ELV Any voltage not exceeding the relevant voltage limit specified in IEC 61201. 3.7.12 Skilled person Person with relevant education and experience to enable him or her to perceive risks and to avoid hazards which electricity can create. [GB/T 2900.71-2008, 826-18-01] 3.7.13 Instructed person Person adequately advised or supervised by skilled persons to enable him or her to perceive risks and to avoid hazards electricity can create. [GB/T 2900.71-2008, 826-18-02] 3.7.14 Ordinary person Person who is neither a skilled person nor an instructed person. [GB/T 2900.71-2008, 826-18-03] 3.7.15 Authorized person Skilled or instructed person, who is empowered to execute defined work. 3.8 Characteristics 3.8.1 Nominal value Value of a quantity used to designate and identify a component, device, equipment or system. [GB/T 2900.83-2008, 151-16-09] Note: the nominal value is generally a rounded value. 3.8.2 Limiting value In a specification of a component, device, equipment or system, the greatest or smallest admissible value of a quantity. [GB/T 2900.83-2008, 151-16-10] 3.8.3 Rated value Value of a quantity used for specification purposes, established for a specified set of operating conditions of a component, device, equipment, or system. [GB/T 2900.83-2008, 151-16-08] 3.8.4 Rating Set of rated values and operating conditions. [GB/T 2900.83-2008, 151-16-11] 3.8.5 Nominal voltage (of an electrical system) Approximate value of voltage used to designate or identify an electrical system [GB/T 2900.50-2008, 601-01-21 modified] 3.8.6 Short-circuit current Ic Over-current resulting from a short circuit due to a fault or an incorrect connection in an electric circuit. [IEC 60050-441:1984, 441-11-07] 3.8.7 Prospective short-circuit current Icp r.m.s. value of the current which would flow if the supply conductors to the circuit are short circuited by a conductor of negligible impedance located as near as practicable to the supply terminals of the ASSEMBLY (see 10.11.5.4). 3.8.8 Cut-off current Let-through current Maximum instantaneous value of current attained during the breaking operation of a switching device or a fuse. Note: this concept is of particular importance when the switching device or the fuse operates in such a manner that the prospective peak current of the circuit is not reached. [IEC 60050-441:1984, 441-17-12]. 3.8.9 Voltage ratings 3.8.9.1 Rated voltage Un Highest nominal voltage of the electrical system, a.c. (r.m.s.) or d.c., declared by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer, to which the main circuit(s) of the ASSEMBLY is (are) designed to be connected. Note 1: in polyphase circuits, it is the voltage between phases. Note 2: transients are disregarded. Note 3: the value of the supply voltage may exceed the rated voltage due to permissible system tolerances. 3.8.9.2 Rated operational voltage (of a circuit of an ASSEMBLY) Ue Value of voltage, declared by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer, which combined with the rated current determines its application. Note: in polyphase circuits, it is the voltage between phases. 3.8.9.3 Rated insulation voltage Ui r.m.s withstand voltage value, assigned by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer to the equipment or to a part of it, characterizing the specified (long-term) withstand capability of the insulation. [Definition 3.9.1 of GB/T 16935.1-2008, modified] Note 1: in polyphase circuits, it is the voltage between phases. Note 2: the rated insulation voltage is not necessarily equal to the rated operational voltage of equipment, which is primarily related to functional performance. 3.8.9.4 Rated impulse withstand voltage Uimp Impulse withstand voltage value, declared by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer, characterizing the specified withstand capability of the insulation against transient overvoltages. [Definition 3.9.2 of GB/T 16935.1-2008, modified] 3.8.10 Current ratings 3.8.10.1 Rated current In Value of current, declared by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer which can be carried without the temperature-rise of various parts of the ASSEMBLY exceeding specified limits under specified conditions. Note: for rated current of the ASSEMBLY (InA) see 5.3.1, and for rated current of a circuit (Inc) see 5.3.2. 3.8.10.2 Rated peak withstand current Ipk Value of peak short-circuit current, declared by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer, that can be withstood under specified conditions. 3.8.10.3 Rated short-time withstand current Icw r.m.s value of short-time current, declared by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer, that can be withstood under specified conditions, defined in terms of a current and time. 3.8.10.4 Rated conditional short-circuit current Icc Value of prospective short-circuit current, declared by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer, that can be withstood for the total operating time (clearing time) of the short-circuit protective device (SCPD) under specified conditions. Note: the short-circuit protective device may form an integral part of the ASSEMBLY or may be a separate unit. 3.8.11 Rated diversity factor; RDF Per unit value of the rated current, assigned by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer, to which outgoing circuits of an ASSEMBLY can be continuously and simultaneously loaded taking into account the mutual thermal influences. 3.8.12 Rated frequency fn Value of frequency, declared by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer, for which a circuit is designed and to which the operating conditions refer. Note: A circuit may be assigned a number or a range of rated frequencies or be rated for both a.c. and d.c. 3.8.13 Electromagnetic compatibility; EMC Note: for EMC related terms and definitions, see J.3.8.13.1 to J.3.8.13.5 of Appendix J. 3.9 Verification 3.9.1 Design verification Verification made on a sample of an ASSEMBLY or on parts of ASSEMBLIES to show that the design meets the requirements of the relevant ASSEMBLY standard. Note: design verification may comprise one or more equivalent methods, see 3.9.1.1, 3.9.1.2 and 3.9.1.3. 3.9.1.1 Verification test Test made on a sample of an ASSEMBLY or on parts of ASSEMBLIES to verify that the design meets the requirements of the relevant ASSEMBLY standard. Note: verification tests are equivalent to type tests. 3.9.1.2 Verification comparison Structured comparison of a proposed design for an ASSEMBLY, or parts of an ASSEMBLY, with a reference design verified by test. 3.9.1.3 Verification assessment Design verification of strict design rules or calculations applied to a sample of an ASSEMBLY or to parts of ASSEMBLIES to show that the design meets the requirements of the relevant ASSEMBLY standard. 3.9.2 Routine verification Verification of each ASSEMBLY performed during and/or after manufacture to confirm whether it complies with the requirements of the relevant ASSEMBLY standard. 3.10 Manufacturer/User 3.10.1 Original manufacturer Organization that has carried out the original design and the associated verification of an ASSEMBLY in accordance with the relevant ASSEMBLY standard. 3.10.2 ASSEMBLY manufacturer Organization taking the responsibility for the completed ASSEMBLY Note: the ASSEMBLY manufacturer may be a different organization to the original manufacturer. 3.10.3 User Party who will specify, purchase, use and/or operate the ASSEMBLY, or someone acting on their behalf 4 Symbols and Abbreviations Alphabetical list of terms with symbols and abbreviations together with the clause where they are first used: Symbol/Abbreviation Term Clause CTI comparative tracking index 3.6.16 ELV extra-low voltage 3.7.11 EMC electromagnetic compatibility 3.8.13 fn rated frequency 3.8.12 Ic short-circuit current 3.8.6 Icc rated conditional short-circuit current 3.8.10.4 Icp prospective short-circuit current 3.8.7 Icw rated short-time withstand current 3.8.10.3 InA rated current of the ASSEMBLY 5.3.1 Inc rated current of a circuit 5.3.2 Ipk rated peak withstand current 3.8.10.2 N neutral conductor 3.7.5 PE protective conductor 3.7.4 PEN PEN conductor 3.7.6 RDF rated diversity factor 3.8.11 SCPD short-circuit protective device 3.1.11 SPD surge protective device 3.6.12 Ue rated operational voltage 3.8.9.2 Ui rated insulation voltage 3.8.9.3 Uimp rated impulse withstand voltage 3.8.9.4 Un rated voltage 3.8.9.1 5 Interface Characteristics 5.1 General The characteristics of the ASSEMBLY shall ensure compatibility with the ratings of the circuits to which it is connected and the installation conditions and shall be declared by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer using the criteria identified in 5.2 to 5.6. 5.2 Voltage Ratings 5.2.1 Rated voltage (Un) (of the ASSEMBLY) The rated voltage shall be at least equal to the nominal voltage of the electrical system. 5.2.2 Rated operational voltage (Ue) (of a circuit of an ASSEMBLY) The rated operational voltage of any circuit shall not be less than the nominal voltage of the electrical system to which it is to be connected. If different from the rated voltage of the ASSEMBLY, the appropriate rated operational voltage of the circuit shall be stated. 5.2.3 Rated insulation voltage (Ui) (of a circuit of an ASSEMBLY) The rated insulation voltage of a circuit of an ASSEMBLY is the voltage value to which dielectric test voltages and creepage distances are referred. The rated insulation voltage of a circuit shall be equal or higher than the values stated for Un and for Ue for the same circuit. Note: for single-phase circuits derived from IT systems (see IEC 60364-5-52), the rated insulation voltage should be at least equal to the voltage between phases of the supply. 5.2.4 Rated impulse withstand voltage (Uimp) (of the ASSEMBLY) The rated impulse withstand voltage shall be equal to or higher than the values stated for the transient overvoltages occurring in the electrical system(s) to which the circuit is designed to be connected. Note: the preferred values of rated impulse withstand voltage are those given in Table G.1 of Appendix G.

Foreword i Introduction v 1 Scope 2 Normative References 3 Terms and Definitions 3.1 General Terms 3.2 Constructional Units of ASSEMBLIES 3.3 External Design of ASSEMBLIES 3.4 Structural Parts of ASSEMBLIES 3.5 Conditions of Installation of ASSEMBLIES 3.6 Insulation Characteristics 3.7 Protection against Electric Shock 3.8 Characteristics 3.9 Verification 3.10 Manufacturer/User 4 Symbols and Abbreviations 5 Interface Characteristics 5.1 General 5.2 Voltage Ratings 5.3 Current Ratings 5.4 Rated Diversity Factor (RDF) 5.5 Rated Frequency (fn) 5.6 Other Characteristics 6 Information 6.1 ASSEMBLY Designation Marking 6.2 Documentation 6.3 Device and/or Component Identification 7 Service Conditions 7.1 Normal Service Conditions 7.2 Special Service Conditions 7.3 Conditions during Transport, Storage and Installation 8 Constructional Requirements 8.1 Strength of Materials and Parts 8.2 Degree of Protection Provided by an ASSEMBLY Enclosure 8.3 Clearances and Creepage Distances 8.4 Protection against Electric Shock 8.5 Incorporation of Switching Devices and Components 8.6 Internal Electrical Circuits and Connections 8.7 Cooling 8.8 Terminals for External Conductors 9 Performance Requirements 9.1 Dielectric Properties 9.2 Temperature Rise Limits 9.3 Short-circuit Protection and Short-circuit Withstand Strength 9.4 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) 10 Design Verification 10.1 General 10.2 Strength of Materials and Parts 10.3 Degree of Protection of ASSEMBLIES 10.4 Clearances and Creepage Distances 10.5 Protection against Electric Shock and Integrity of Protective Circuits 10.6 Incorporation of Switching Devices and Components 10.7 Internal Electrical Circuits and Connections 10.8 Terminals for External Conductors 10.9 Dielectric Properties 10.10 Verification of Temperature Rise 10.11 Short-circuit Withstand Strength 10.12 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) 10.13 Mechanical Operation 11 Routine Verification 11.1 General 11.2 Degree of Protection of Enclosures 11.3 Clearances and Creepage Distances 11.4 Protection against Electric Shock and Integrity of Protective Circuits 11.5 Incorporation of Built-in Components 11.6 Internal Electrical Circuits and Connections 11.7 Terminals for External Conductors 11.8 Mechanical Operation 11.9 Dielectric Properties 11.10 Wiring, Operational Performance and Function Appendix A (Normative) Minimum and Maximum Cross-section of Copper Conductors Suitable for Connection to Terminals for External Conductors (See 8.8) Appendix B (Normative) Method of Calculating the Cross-sectional Area of Protective Conductors with regard to Thermal Stresses due to Currents of Short Duration Appendix C (Informative) User Information Template Appendix D (Informative) Design Verification Appendix E (Informative) Rated Diversity Factor E.1 General E.2 Rated Diversity Factor of An ASSEMBLY E.3 Rated Diversity Factor of A Group of Outgoing Circuits E.4 Rated Diversity Factor and Intermittent Duty Appendix F (Normative) Measurement of Clearances and Creepage Distances F.1 Basic Principles F.2 Use of Ribs Appendix G (Normative) Correlation between the Nominal Voltage of the Supply System and the Rated Impulse Withstand Voltage of the Equipment Appendix H (Informative) Operating Current and Power Loss of Copper Conductors Appendix I (Void) Appendix J (Normative) Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) J.1 General J.2 Terms and Definitions Appendix K (Normative) Protection by Electrical Separation K.1 General K.2 Electrical Separation K.3 Class II Equipment or Equivalent Insulation Appendix L (Informative) Clearances and Creepage Distances for North American Region Appendix M (Informative) North American Temperature Rise Limits Appendix N (normative) Operating Current and Power Loss of Bare Copper Bars Appendix O (Informative) Guidance on Temperature Rise Verification O.1 General O.2 Temperature Rise Limits O.3 Test O.4 Calculation O.5 Design Rules Appendix P (Normative) Verification of the Short-circuit Withstand Strength of Busbar Structures by Comparison with a Tested Reference Design by Calculation P.1 General P.2 Terms and Definitions P.3 Method of Verification P.4 Conditions for Application Bibliography Figure E.1 Typical ASSEMBLY Figure E.2 Example 1: Table E.1 – Functional unit Loading for an ASSEMBLY with a Rated Diversity Factor of Figure E.3 Example 2: Table E.1 - Functional Unit Loading for an ASSEMBLY with a Rated Diversity Factor of Figure E.4 Example 3: Table E.1 - Functional Unit Loading for an ASSEMBLY with a Rated Diversity Factor of Figure E.5 Example 4: Table E.1 - Functional Unit Loading for an ASSEMBLY with a Rated Diversity Factor of Figure E.6 Example of Average Heating Effect Calculation Figure E.7 Example Graph for the Relation between the Equivalent RDF and the Parameters at Intermittent Duty at t1=0.5 s, I1=7I2 at Different Cycle Times Figure E.8 Example Graph for the Relation between the Equivalent RDF and the Parameters at Intermittent Duty at I1=I2 (No Starting Overcurrent) Figure F.1 Measurement of Ribs Figure J.1 Examples of Ports Figure O.1 Temperature Rise Verification Methods Figure P.1 Tested Busbar Structure (TS) Figure P.2 Non Tested Busbar Structure (NTS) Figure P.3 Angular Busbar Configuration with Supports at the Corners Table 1 Minimum Clearances in Air a (8.3.2) Table 2 Minimum Creepage Distances (8.3.3) Table 3 Cross-sectional Area of A Copper Protective Conductor (8.4.3.2.2) Table 4 Conductor Selection and Installation Requirements (8.6.4) Table 5 Minimum Cross-sectional Area of Copper Protective Conductors (PE, PEN) (8.8) Table 6 Temperature-rise Limits (9.2) Table 7 Values for the Factor na (9.3.3) Table 8 Power-frequency Withstand Voltage for Main Circuits (10.9.2) Table 9 Power-frequency Withstand Voltage for Auxiliary and Control Circuits (10.9.2) Table 10 Impulse Withstand Test Voltages (10.9.3) Table 11 Copper Test Conductors for Rated Currents up to 400A Inclusive (10.10.2.3.2) Table 12 Copper Test Conductors for Rated Currents from 400A to 4000A (10.10.2.3.2) Table 13 Short-circuit Verification by Comparison with a Reference Design: Check List (10.5.3.3, 10.11.3 and 10.11.4) Table 14 Relationship between Prospective Fault Current and Diameter of Copper Wire Table A.1 Cross-section of Copper Conductors Suitable for Connection to Terminals for External Conductors Table B.1 Values of k for Insulated Protective Conductors not incorporated in Cables, or Bare Protective Conductors in contact with Cable Covering Table C.1 Template Table D.1 List of Design Verifications to be Performed Table E.1 Examples of Loading for an ASSEMBLY with a Rated Diversity Factor of Table E.2 Example of Loading of a Group of Circuits (Section B - Figure E.1) with a Rated Diversity Factor of Table E.3 Example of Loading of a Group of Circuits (Sub-distribution Board - Figure E.1) with a Rated Diversity Factor of Table F.1 Minimum Width of Grooves Table G.1 Correspondence between the Nominal Voltage of the Supply System and the Equipment Rated Impulse Withstand Voltage Table H.1 Operating Current and Power Loss of Single-core Copper Cables with a Permissible Conductor Temperature of 70oC Table H.2 Reduction Factor k1 for Cables with a Permissible Conductor Temperature of 70oC Table J.1 Tests for EMC Immunity for Environment A Table J.2 Tests for EMC Immunity for Environment B Table J.3 Acceptance Criteria when Electromagnetic Disturbances are Present Table K.1 Maximum Disconnecting Times for TN Systems Table L.1 Minimum Clearances in Air Table L.2 Minimum Creepage Distances Table M.1 North American Temperature Rise Limits Table N.1 Operating Current and Power Loss of Bare Copper Bars with Rectangular Cross-section, Run Horizontally and Arranged with Their Largest Face Vertical, Frequency 50 Hz~60 Hz Table N.2 Factor k4 for Different Temperatures of the Air inside the ASSEMBLY and/or for the Conductors

低壓成套開關設備和控制設備 第1部分：總則 1 范圍 GB 7251的本部分規定了低壓成套開關設備和控制設備(以下簡稱成套設備)(見3.1.1)的定義、使用條件、結構要求、技術特性和驗證要求。 本部分不能單獨用來規定一種成套設備或用于確定一致性。成套設備應遵循GB 7251系列相關部分；從第2部分起。 本部分僅適用于符合下述相關的成套設備標準要求的低壓成套開關設備和控制設備： ——額定電壓交流不超過1 000 V，直流不超過1 500 V的成套設備； ——帶外殼或不帶外殼的固定式或移動式成套設備； ——與發電、輸電、配電和電能轉換的設備以及控制電能消耗的設備所配套使用的成套設備； ——那些為特殊使用條件而設計的成套設備，如船舶、機車車輛使用的成套設備，只要它們符合其他有關的特定要求； 注1：GB/T 7061包含了對船用成套設備的補充要求。 ——為機器的電氣設備而設計的成套設備，假定符合其他相關特定要求。 注2：GB 5226系列標準包含了構成機器組成部分的成套設備的補充要求。 本部分適用于那些一次性設計、制造和驗證或完全標準化批量制造的成套設備。 進行生產和/或組裝的可以不是初始制造商(見3.10.1)。 本部分不適用于符合各自相關產品標準的單獨的器件及整裝的元件，諸如電機起動器、刀熔開關、電子設備等。 2規范性引用文件 下列文件對于本文件的應用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，僅注日期的版本適用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。 GB/T 2423.17—2008 電工電子產品環境試驗 第2部分：試驗方法 試驗Ka；鹽霧(IEC 60068-2-11：1981，IDT) GB/T 2423.2—2008 電工電子產品環境試驗 第2部分：試驗方法 試驗B：高溫(IEC 60068-2-2：2007，IDT) GB/T 2423.4—2008電工電子產品環境試驗 第2部分：試驗方法 試驗Db交變濕熱(12 h+12 h循環)(IEC 60068-2-30：2005，IDT) GB/T 4025—2010 人機界面標志標識的基本和安全規則 指示器和操作器件的編碼規則(IEC 60073：2002，IDT) GB/T 4205—2010人機界面標志標識的基本和安全規則 操作規則(IEC 60447：2004，IDT) GB 4208—2008外殼防護等級(IP代碼)(IEC 60529：2001，IDT) GB/T 5013.3—2008額定電壓450/750V及以下橡皮絕緣電纜 第3部分：耐熱硅橡膠絕緣電纜(IEC 60245-3：1994，IDT) GB/T 5169.10—2006 電工電子產品著火危險試驗 第10部分：灼熱絲/熱絲基本試驗方法 灼熱絲裝置和通用試驗方法(IEC 60695-2-10：2000，IDT) GB/T 5169.11—2006 電工電子產品著火危險試驗 第11部分：灼熱絲/熱絲基本試驗方法 成品的灼熱絲可燃性試驗方法(IEC 60695-2-11：2000，IDT) GB/T 5169.5—2008電工電子產品著火危險試驗 第5部分：試驗火焰 針焰試驗方法 裝置、確認試驗方法和導則(IEC 60695-11-5：2004，IDT) GB/T 9341 2008塑料 彎曲性能的測定(ISO 178：2001，IDT) GB/T 16895.10—2010 低壓電氣裝置 第4-44部分：安全防護 電壓騷擾和電磁騷擾防護(IEC 60364-4-44：2007，IDT) GB 16895.21—2011 低壓電氣裝置 第4-41部分： 安全防護 電擊防護(IEC 60364-4-41：2005，IDT) GB/T 16935.1—2008 低壓系統內設備的絕緣配合 第1部分：原理、要求和試驗(IEC 60664-1：2007，IDT) GB/T 17626.11—2008 電磁兼容 試驗和測量技術 電壓暫降、短時中斷和電壓變化的抗擾度試驗(IEC 61000-4-11：2004，IDT) GB/T 17626.13—2006 電磁兼容 試驗和測量技術 交流電源端口諧波、諧間波及電網信號的低頻抗擾度試驗(IEC 61000-4-13：20023)，IDT) GB/T 17626.4—2008 電磁兼容 試驗和測量技術 電快速瞬變脈沖群抗擾度試驗(IEC 61000-4-4：2004，IDT) GB/T 17626.5—2008 電磁兼容 試驗和測量技術 浪涌(沖擊)抗擾度試驗(IEC 61000-4-5：2005，IDT) GB/T 20138—2006 電器設備外殼對外界機械碰撞的防護等級(IK代碼)(IEC 62262：2002，IDT) GB/T 24276—2009評估部分型式試驗的低壓成套開關設備和控制設備(PTTA)溫升的外推法(IEC/TR 60890：l987+IEC/TR 60890：1987/Amd 1：1995，IDT) IEC 60085：2007電氣絕緣 耐熱性分級(Electrical insulation—Thermal evaluation and designa-tion) IEC 60216(所有部分) 電氣絕緣材料 耐熱性[Electrical insulating materials—Properties of thermal endurance(all parts)] IEC 60227-3：1993額定電壓450/750 V及以下聚氯乙烯絕緣電纜 第3部分：固定布線用無護套電纜(Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables of rated voltages up to and including 450/750 V—Part 3：Non-sheathed cables for fixed wiring) IEC 60245-4：1994額定電壓450/750 V及以下橡皮絕緣電纜 第4部分：軟線和軟電纜(Rubber insulated cables-Rated voltages up to and including 450/750 V—Part 4：Cords and flexible cables) IEC 60364建筑物電氣裝置(所有部分)[Low-voltage electrical installations(all parts)] IEC 60364-5-52：2009建筑物電氣裝置 第5-52部分：電氣設備的選擇和安裝 布線系統(Low-voltage electrical installations—Part 5-52：Selection and erection of electrical equipment-Wiring sys-tems) IEC 60364-5-53：2001建筑物電氣裝置 第5-53部分：電氣設備的選擇和安裝 開關設備和控制設備(Electrical installations of buildings—Part 5-53：Selection and erection of electrical equipment—Isolation，switching and control) 3)有一個統一的版本1.1(2009)，它包括了IEC 61000-4-13(2002)和它的修訂1(2009)。 IEC 60364-5-54：2011建筑物電氣裝置 第5-54部分：電氣設備的選擇和安裝 接地配置，保護導體和保護聯結導體(Low-voltage electrical installations—Part 5-54：Selection and erection of electri- cal equipment-Earthing arrangements and protective conductors) IEC 60439(所有部分) 低壓成套開關設備和控制設備[-Low voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies(all parts)] IEC 60445：2010人機界面標志標識的基本和安全規則 設備端子和特定導線的線端標識，包括 字母和數字系統的一般規則(Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface，marking and iden-tification—Identification of equipment terminals，conductor terminations and conductors) IEC 60865-1：1993 短路電流 影響計算 第1部分：定義和計算方法(Short-circuit currents-Calculation of effects—Part 1：Definitions and calculation methods) IEC 60947-1：2007 低壓開關設備和控制設備 第1部分：總則(Low-voltage switchgear and con-trolgear-Part 1：General rules) IEC 61000-4-2：2008電磁兼容 第4-2部分：試驗和測量技術 靜電放電抗擾度試驗[Electro-magnetic compatibility(EMC)-Part 4-2：Testing and measurement techniques—Electrostatic dis-charge immunity test] IEC 61000-4-3：2006 電磁兼容 第4-3部分：試驗和測量技術 射頻電磁場輻射抗擾度試驗4)[Electromagnetic compatibility(EMC)—Part 4-3：Testing and measurement techniques—Radiated，radio frequency，electromagnetic field immunity test] IEC 61000-4-6：2008 電磁兼容 第4-6部分：試驗和測量技術 射頻場感應的傳導騷擾抗擾度[Electromagnetic compatibility(EMC)—Part 4-6：Testing and measurement techniques—Immunity to conducted disturbances，induced by radio-frequency fields] IEC 61000-4-8：2009電磁兼容 第4-8部分：試驗和測量技術 工頻磁場抗擾度試驗[Electro-magnetic compatibility(EMC)—Part 4-8：Testing and measurement techniques—Power frequency magnetic field imm unity test] IEC 61000-6-4：2006 電磁兼容 第6部分：通用標準 第4章：工業環境的發射標準5)[Electro-magnetic compatibility(EMC)—Part 6-4：Generic standards—Emission standard for industrial envi-ronments] IEC 61082-1 電氣技術用文件的編制 第1部分：總則(Preparation of documents used in electro-technology—Part 1：Rules) IEC 61180(所有部分) 低壓設備的高壓試驗技術[High-voltage test techniques for low-voltage equipment(all parts)] IEC 61201：2007 特低電壓(ELV) 極限值 IEC 61439(所有部分) 低壓成套開關設備和控制設備[Low-voltage switehgear and eontrolgear assemblies(all parts)] IEC 62208 低壓開關設備和控制設備空殼體的一般要求(Empty enclosures for low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies—General requirements) IEC 81346-1 工業系統、裝置和設備、工業產品 構造準則和參考標識 第1部分：基本規則(In-dustrial systems，installations and equipment and industrial products—Structuring principles and ref-erenee designations—Part 1：Basic rules) IEC 81346-2工業系統、裝置和設備、工業產品 構造準則和參考標識 第2部分：對象分類和類的代碼(Industrial systems，installations and equipment and industrial products—Structuring principles and reference designations—Part 2：Classification of objects and codes for classes) 4) 有一個統一的版本3.2(2010)，它包括了IEC 61000-4-3(2006)和修訂1(2007)、修訂2(2010)。 5)有一個統一的版本2.1(2011)，它包括了IEC 61000-4-4(2006)和它的修訂1(2010)。 IEC/CISPR 11：2009工業科技、醫療(ISM)射頻裝置的電磁騷擾特性 極限值和測量方法6)(In-dustrial，scientific and medical equipment—Radio-frequency disturbance characteristics—Limits and methods of measurement) IEC/CISPR 22 信息技術設備、射頻騷擾特性 極限值和測量方法(Information technology e-quipment—Radio disturbance characteristics—Limits and methods of measurement) ISO 179(所有部分)塑料 擺錘沖擊強度的測定[Plastics—Determination of Charpy impact strength(all parts)] ISO 2409：2007 油漆和清漆 附著力(劃格法)(Paints and varnishes—Cross-cut test) ISO 4628-3：2003 油漆和清漆 油漆涂層剝蝕的評定 一般性缺陷程度、數量和大小及外觀光亮均勻性變化的規定 第3部分：生銹程度的規定(Paints and varnishes—Evaluation of degradation of coatings—Designation of quantity and size of defects，and of intensity of uniform changes in appear-ance—Part 3：Assessment of degree of rusting) ISO 4892-2：2006塑料 實驗室光源暴露試驗方法 第2部分：氙弧燈(Plastics—Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources—Part 2：Xenonarc lamps) 3術語和定義 下列術語和定義適用于本文件。 3.1 通用術語 3.1.1 低壓成套開關沒備和控制設備(成套設備)low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly(AS-SEMBLY) 由一個或多個低壓開關器件和與之相關的控制、測量、信號、保護、調節等設備，以及所有內部的電氣和機械的連接及結構部件構成的組合體。 3.1.2 成套設備系統 ASSEMBLY system 按照初始制造商規定的全系列機械和電氣元件(外殼，母線、功能單元等)，用這些元件能依據初始制造商的說明書組合成不同的成套設備。 3.1.3 主電路(成套設備的) main circuit(of an ASSEMBLY) 在成套設備中，一條用來傳輸電能的電路上的所有導電部分。 [IEC 60050-441：1984，441-13-02] 3.1.4 輔助電路(成套設備的) auxiliary circuit(of an ASSEMBLY) 在成套設備中，一條用于控制、測量、信號、調節、處理數據等的電路(除了主電路以外的)中的所有導電部分。 注：成套設備的輔助電路包括開關電器的控制電路和輔助電路。 [修改后的IEC 60050-441：1984，441-13-03] 3.1.5 母線 busbar 一種可以與幾條電路分別連接的低阻抗導體。 6) 有一個統一的版本5.1(2010)，它包括了CISPR11(2009)和它的修訂1(2010)。 注：母線這個術語與導體的幾何形狀、尺寸、面積無關。 3.1.6 主母線 main busbar 連接一條或幾條配電母線和/或進線、出線單元的母線。 3.1.7 配電母線distribution busbar 一個柜架單元內的母線，它連接到主母線上，并由它向出線單元供電。 注：在功能單元和母線之間連接的導體不作為配電母線的一部分。 3.1.8 功能單元 functional unit 它是成套設備的一部分，由完成相同功能的所有電氣和機械部件組成，包括開關電器。 注：雖然連接在功能單元上，但位于隔室或封閉的防護空間外部的導體(例如連接公共隔室的輔助電纜)不視為功能單元的一部分。 3.1.9 進線單元incoming unit 通過它把電能饋送到成套設備中去的一種功能單元。 3.1.10 出線單元0utgoing unit 通過它把電能輸送給一個或多個出線電路的一種功能單元。 3.1.11 短路保護電器short-circuit protective device：SCPD 用分斷短路電流來保護電路或電路部件免受短路電流損壞的電器。 [IEC 60947-1：2007，2.2.21] 3.2成套設備結構單元 3.2.1 固定式部件fixed part 由組裝在公共支架上并在其上配線的元件組成，而且它是設計成固定安裝的。 3.2.2 可移式部件removable part 由組裝在公共支架上并在其上配線的元件組成的部件，該部件即使在與其連接的電路可能帶電的情況下，也可以從成套設備中完整的取出和放回。 3.2.3 連接位置 connected position 可移式部件為實現其預期功能而處于完好的連接狀態的一種位置。 3.2.4 移出位置 removed position 可移式部件移到成套設備外部，并與成套設備在機械上和電氣上均脫離的一種位置。 3.2.5 插入式聯鎖insertion interlock 一種防止可移式部件插入其非預定位置的裝置。 3.2.6 固定連接 fixed connection 利用工具進行連接或分離的一種連接。 3.2.7 柜架單元 section 成套設備中兩個相鄰的垂直分界面之間的結構單元。 3.2.8 框架單元 sub-section 成套設備中柜架單元內的兩個相鄰的水平或垂直分界面之間的結構單元。 3.2.9 隔室 compartment 除進行內部接線、調整或通風時才需要打開外，通常是封閉著的一種柜架單元或框架單元。 3.2.10 運輸單元transport unit 不必進行拆卸即可適合于運輸的完整的成套設備或其中一部分。 3.2.11 活動擋板shutter 可以在下述兩個位置間移動的部件： ——它移動到這一位置時，允許可移式部件的動觸點和靜觸點接合，并且 ——它移動到另一位置時，作為覆板或隔板將靜觸點屏蔽起來。 [修改后的IEC 60050-441：1984，441-13-07] 3.3成套設備外形設計 3.3.1 開啟式成套設備open-type ASSEMBLY 一種由支撐電氣設備的支撐結構所組成的成套設備，其電氣設備的帶電部分易被觸及。 3.3.2 固定面板式成套設備dead-front ASSEMBLY 帶有前護板的開啟式成套設備，而其他的面仍可能易于觸及帶電部分。 3.3.3 封閉式成套設備enclosed ASSEMBLY 除安裝面外，所有面都封閉的成套設備，用此方式提供確定的防護等級。 3.3.4 柜式成套設備cubicle-type ASSEMBLY 通常是指一種封閉的立式成套設備，它可以由若干個柜架單元、框架單元或隔室組成。 3.3.5 柜組式成套設備multi-cubicle-type ASSEMBLY 數個柜式成套設備機械地組合在一起的一種組合體。 3.3.6 臺式成套設備desk-type ASSEMBLY 帶有水平或傾斜控制面板，或二者兼有的封閉式成套設備，它配有控制、測量、信號等器件。 3.3.7 箱式成套設備box-type ASSEMBLY 安裝在垂直面上的一種封閉式成套設備。 3.3.8 箱組式成套設備multi-box-type ASSEMBLY 數個箱式成套設備機械地組合在一起的一種組合體，它可帶有或不帶有公共支撐框架，可通過兩個相鄰的箱式成套設備的鄰接面的開口進行電氣連接。 3.3.9 安裝在墻表面的成套設備wall-mounted surface type ASSEMBLY 安裝在墻體表面的成套設備。 3.3.10 嵌入墻中的成套設備wall-mounted recessed type ASSEMBLY 安裝在墻面凹槽里的成套設備，外殼不支撐上面部分的墻體。 3.4成套設備結構部件 3.4.1 支撐結構 supporting structure 成套設備的結構組成部分，用來支撐成套設備中的各種元件和任何一種外殼。 3.4.2 安裝結構 mounting structure 用來支撐成套設備的一種結構部件，但不作為成套設備的組成部分。 3.4.3 安裝板mounting plate 用于支撐各種元件并且適合于在成套設備中安裝的板。 3.4.4 安裝框架mounting frame 用于支撐各種元件并且適合于安裝在成套設備中的一種框架。 3.4.5 外殼 enclosure 能提供預期應用上相適的防護類型和防護等級的外罩。 [GB/T 2900.73—2008，195-02-35] 3.4.6 覆板cover 成套設備外殼上的外裝部件。 3.4.7 門door 一種帶鉸鏈的或可滑動的覆板。 3.4.8 可移式覆板removable cover 用來遮蓋外殼上的開口的一種覆板，當進行某些操作和檢修時，可將其移開。 3.4.9 蓋板cover plate 通常是指成套設備上的一種部件，用它來遮蓋外殼上的開口。用螺釘或類似方法固定在其位置上。 注1：設備投入運行后此蓋板一般不移開。 注2：此蓋板上可配備電纜入口。 3.4.10 隔板partition 用來將一個隔室與其他隔室隔開的一種外殼部件。 3.4.11 擋板 barrier 對來自各個方向的直接接觸提供防護的部件。 [GB/T 2900.73—2008，修改后的195-06-15] 3.4.12 屏障 obstacle 用來防止無意的直接接觸，但不能防止有意的直接接觸的一種部件。 [GB/T 2900.73—2008，修改后的195-06-16] 注：屏障是用來防止非故意的接觸帶電部分，但不能防止有意的繞過屏障的故意接觸。它們是用來保護熟練技術人員或受過培訓的人員而不是一般人員。 3.4.13 端子護罩terminal shield 用于封閉端子和提供規定的防護等級以防止人或物體接近帶電部分的一種部件。 3.4.14 電纜入口 cable entry 一種帶有開口的部件，可以將電纜從此開口處引入成套設備。 3.4.15 封閉的防護空間 enclosed protected space 將電器元件封閉起來的成套設備的一部分，它提供規定的防護以防止外界的影響和接觸帶電部分。 3.5成套設備安裝條件 3.5.1 戶內式成套設備ASSEMBLY for indoor installation 滿足7.1中所規定的戶內正常使用條件的成套設備。 3.5.2 戶外式成套設備ASSEMBLY for outdoor installation 滿足7.1中所規定的戶外正常使用條件的成套設備。 3.5.3 固定式成套設備stationary ASSEMBLY 固定在安裝位置上，例如固定在地面或墻上，并在該位置上使用。 3.5.4 移動式成套設備movable ASSEMBLY 能夠容易地從一個使用地點移動到另一個使用地點的成套設備。 3.6絕緣特性 3.6.1 電氣間隙 clearance 兩個導電部分之間的最短直線距離。 [IEC 60050-441：1984，441-17-31] 3.6.2 爬電距離 creepage distance 兩個導電部分之間沿固體絕緣材料表面的最短距離。 [GB/T 2900.83—2008，151-15-50] 注：兩個絕緣材料部件之間的接合處亦被視為表面的一部分。 3.6.3 過電壓 overvoltage 峰值大于在正常運行下最大穩態電壓的相應峰值的任何電壓。 [GB/T 16935.1—2008，3.7定義] 3.6.4 暫時過電壓temporary overvoltage 持續相對長時間(數秒鐘)的工頻過電壓。 [GB/T 16935.1—2008，修改后的3.7.1定義] 3.6.5 瞬態過電壓transient overvoltage 持續時間為幾毫秒或更短的、并通常具有高阻尼振蕩或非振蕩的短時過電壓。 [GB/T 2900.57—2008，604-03-13] 3.6.6 工頻耐受電壓power-frequency withstand voltage 在規定的試驗條件下，不引起擊穿的工頻正弦電壓有效值。 [IEC 60947-1：2007，2.5.56定義] 注：在GB/T 16935.1中工頻耐受電壓與短時暫時過電壓等同。 3.6.7 沖擊耐受電壓impulse withstand voltage 在規定的條件下，不造成絕緣擊穿，具有一定形狀和極性的沖擊電壓最高峰值。 [GB/T 16935.1—2008，3.8.1定義] 3.6.8 污染pollution 使絕緣的介電強度和表面電阻率下降的任何固體的、液體的或氣體的外來物質的增加。 [修改后的GB/T 16935.1—2008，3.11定義] 3.6.9 污染等級(環境條件的)pollution degree(of environmental conditions) 根據導電的或吸濕的塵埃，游離氣體或鹽類和相對濕度的大小及由于吸濕或凝露導致表面介電強度和/或電阻率下降事件發生的頻度而對環境條件作出的分級。 注1：器件和元件的絕緣材料所處的污染等級可能不同于器件和元件所處的宏觀環境的污染等級。因為外殼或內部加熱提供了防止吸濕或凝露的保護。 注2：本部分中的污染等級系指微觀環境中的污染等級。 [IEC 60947-1：2007，2.5.58定義] 3.6.10 微觀環境(電氣間隙或爬電距離的) micro-environment(of a clearance or creepage distance) 特別會影響確定爬電距離尺寸的絕緣附近的環境。 注：是由電氣間隙或爬電距離的微觀環境確定對絕緣的影響，而不是由成套設備或元件的環境確定其影響。微觀環境可以好于成套設備或元件所處的環境，也可以比它差。 [GB/T 16935.1—2008，修改后的3.12.2定義] 3.6.11 過電壓類別(電路或電氣系統中的)overvoltage category(of a circuit or within an dectrical system) 根據限定(或控制)電路中(或在具有不同標稱電壓的電氣系統中)產生的預期瞬態過電壓和為限制過電壓而采用的有關方法為基礎而確定的分類。 注：在一個電氣系統中，根據接口的要求，通過采用適當方法可以從一個過電壓類別向一個較低的過電壓類別轉換，例如采用過電壓保護器件或吸能、消耗或轉換浪涌電流能量的串并聯阻抗，把瞬時過電壓降低到預期的較低過電壓類別。 [IEC 60947-1：2007，2.5.60定義] 3.6.12 浪涌抑制器surge arrester 浪涌保護器件surge protective device；SPD 保護電器免受較高的瞬態過電壓，并能限制持續電流的持續時間和幅值的一種器件。 [IEC 60947-1：2007，2.2.22定義] 3.6.13 絕緣配合 insulation co-ordination 電氣設備的絕緣特性的相互關系，一方面與預期過電壓和過壓保護器件的特性有關，另一方面與預期的微觀環境和污染防護方式有關。 [IEC 60947-1：2007，修改后的2.5.61定義] 3.6.14 非均勻電場inhomogeneous(non-uniform)field 電極之間的電壓梯度不恒定的電場。 [IEC 60947-1：2007，2.5.63定義] 3.6.15 電痕化tracking 固態絕緣材料表面在電場和電解液的聯合作用下逐漸形成導電通路的過程。 [IEC 60947-1：2007，2.5.64定義] 3.6.16 相比電痕化指數CTI comparative tracking index CTI 材料能經受住50滴規定的試驗溶液而不出現電痕化的最大電壓值，單位用伏表示。 注：每個試驗電壓值和CTI值應是25的倍數。 [修改后的IEC 60947-1：2007中的2.5.65定義] 3.6.17 擊穿放電disruptive discharge 在電應力作用下，放電幾乎完全穿透了試驗的絕緣體，導致電極間的電壓降為零或接近于零的一種絕緣損壞的現象。 注1：固體絕緣體上的擊穿放電會導致永久性的絕緣強度降低，在液體或氣體絕緣體上絕緣強度的降低可僅僅是暫時性的。 注2：“擊穿跳火”用來表示在氣體或液體絕緣體上發生的擊穿放電。 注3：“閃絡”用來表示在氣體或液體介質絕緣體表面上發生的擊穿放電。 注4：“擊穿”用來表示擊穿放電穿透固體絕緣體的情況。 3.7 電擊防護 3.7.1 帶電部分live part 正常運行中帶電的導體或可導電部分，包括中性導體，但按慣例不包括PEN導體。 注：本概念不意味著有電擊危險。 [GB/T 2900.73—2008，修改后的195-02-19] 3.7.2 危險帶電部分hazardous live part 在某些條件下能造成傷害性電擊的帶電部分。 [GB/T 2900.73—2008，195-06-05] 3.7.3 外露可導電部分exposed conductive part 成套設備上能觸及到的可導電部分，它在正常狀況下不帶電，但在故障情況下可能成為危險帶電部分。 [GB/T 2900.71—2008，修改后的826-12-10] 3.7.4 保護導體(標識：PE)protective conductor(identification：PE) 以安全為目的而提供的導體，例如電擊防護。 [GB/T 2900.71—2008，826-13-22] 注：例如保護導體能與下列部件進行電氣連接： ——外露可導電部分； ——外界可導電部分； ——主接地端子； ——接地極； ——電源的接地點或人為的中性接點。 3.7.5 中性導體N neutral conductor N 電氣上與中性點連接，并能參與分配電能的導體。 [GB/T 2900.73—2008，修改后的195-02-06] 3.7.6 保護中性導體PEN conductor 兼有保護接地導體和中性導體功能的導體。 [GB/T 2900.73—2008，195-02-12] 3.7.7 故障電流 fault current 由于絕緣損壞、跨接絕緣或電路錯誤連接所產生的電流。 3.7.8 基本防護 basic protection 在無故障條件下的電擊防護。 [GB/T 2900.73—2008，195-06-01] 注：基本防護用來防止觸及帶電部分，一般是指防止直接接觸。 3.7.9 基本絕緣 basic insulation 能夠提供基本防護的危險帶電部分上的絕緣。 [GB/T 2900.73—2008.195-06-06] 注：本概念不適用于僅用作功能性目的的絕緣。 3.7.10 故障防護 fault protection 單一故障(例如基本絕緣損壞)條件下的電擊防護。 [GB/T 2900.73—2008，修改后的195-06-02] 注：故障防護一般是指防止間接接觸，主要與基本絕緣損壞有關。 3.7.11 特低電壓 extra-low voltage；ELV 不超過IEC 61201規定的有關電壓限值的任何電壓。 3.7.12 熟練技術人員skilled person 具有相應教育和經驗，能察覺和避免由于電引起危害的人員。 [GB/T 2900.71—2008，826-18-01] 3.7.13 受過培訓的人員instructed person 由熟練技術人員充分指導或監督的，能察覺和避免由于電引起危害的人員。 [GB/T 2900.71—2008，826-18-02] 3.7.14 一般人員 ordinary person 既不是熟練技術人員，也不是受過培訓的人員。 [GB/T 2900.71—2008，826-18-03] 3.7.15 授權人員 authorized person 被授權完成指定工作的熟練技術人員或受過培訓的人員。 3.8特性 3.8.1 標稱值 nominal value 用以標志和識別一個元件、器件、設備或系統的量值。 [GB/T 2900.83—2008，151-16-09] 注：標稱值一般是一個修約值。 3.8.2 限值limiting value 在元件、器件、設備或系統的規范中一個量的最大或最小允許值。 [GB/T 2900.83—2008，151-16-10] 3.8.3 額定值 rated value 為元件、器件、設備或系統規定的運行條件所制定的用于規范目的的量值。 [GB/T 2900.83—2008，151-16-08] 3.8.4 額定數據rating 額定值與運行條件的組合。 [GB/T 2900.83—2008，151-16-11] 3.8.5 標稱電壓(電氣系統的) nominal voltage(of an electrical system) 用以標志或識別電氣系統電壓的近似值。 [GB/T 2900.50—2008，修改后的601-01-21] 3.8.6 短路電流 short-circuit current Ic 由于電路中的故障或錯誤連接引起的短路所產生的過電流。 [IEC 60050-441：1984，441-11-07] 3.8.7 預期短路電流prospective short-circuit current Icp 在盡可能接近成套設備電源端，用一根阻抗可以忽略不計的導體使電路的供電導體短路時流過的電流的有效值(見10.11.5.4)。 3.8.8 截斷電流cut-off current 允通電流let-through current 開關電器或熔斷器在分斷動作中達到的最大瞬時電流值。 注：當電路電流尚未達到預期電流峰值情況下，開關電器或熔斷器分斷時這一概念尤其重要。 [IEC 60050-441：1984，441-17-12] 3.8.9 電壓額定數據voltage ratings 3.8.9.1 額定電壓rated voltage Un 成套設備制造商宣稱成套設備預定連接的主電路交流電壓(有效值)或直流電壓的電氣系統最大標稱值。 注1：對于多相電路，系指相間電壓。 注2：不考慮瞬態電壓。 注3：由于系統允差，電源電壓值可以超過額定電壓。 3.8.9.2 額定工作電壓(成套設備中一條電路的) rated operational voltage(of a circuit of an ASSEMBLY) Ue 成套設備制造商宣稱的與額定電流共同確定設備使用的電壓值。 注：對于多相電路，系指相間電壓。 3.8.9.3 額定絕緣電壓 rated insulation voltage Ui 成套設備制造商對設備或其部件規定的耐受電壓有效值，以表征其絕緣規定的(長期)耐受能力。 [GB/T 16935.1—2008，修改后的3.9.1定義] 注1：對于多相電路，系指相間電壓。 注2：額定絕緣電壓不一定等于設備的額定工作電壓，額定工作電壓主要與功能特性有關。 3.8.9.4 額定沖擊耐受電壓rated impulse withstand voltage Uimp 成套設備制造商宣稱的沖擊耐受電壓值，以表征其絕緣規定的耐受瞬時過電壓的能力。 [GB/T 16935.1—2008，修改后的3.9.2定義] 3.8.10 電流額定數據current ratings 3.8.10.1 額定電流 rated current In 成套設備制造商宣稱的電流值，在規定的條件下通以此電流，成套設備各部件的溫升不超過規定的限值。 注：成套設備的額定電流(InA)見5.3.1，一條電路的額定電流(Inc)見5.3.2。 3.8.10.2 額定峰值耐受電流rated peak withstand current Ipk 成套設備制造商宣稱的在規定條件下能夠承受的短路電流峰值。 3.8.10.3 額定短時耐受電流rated short—time withstand current Icw 成套設備制造商宣稱的，在規定條件下，用電流和時間定義的能夠耐受的短時電流有效值。 3.8.10.4 額定限制短路電流 rated conditional short-circuit current Icc 成套設備制造商宣稱的在規定條件下在短路保護電器(SCPD)全部動作時間內(斷開時間)能夠承受的預期短路電流值。 注：短路保護電器可以與成套設備是一體的，也可以是單獨的。 3.8.11 額定分散系數rated diversity factor；RDF 成套設備制造商根據發熱的相互影響給出的成套設備出線電路可以持續并同時承載的額定電流的標幺值。 3.8.12 額定頻率rated frequency fn 成套設備制造商宣稱的頻率值，它與所設計的電路和工作條件有關。 注：一條電路可指定幾個額定頻率或額定頻率范圍，或可用于交流和直流。 3.8.13 電磁兼容性electromagnetic compatibility；EMC 注：有關EMC的相關術語和定義見附錄J的J.3.8.13.1～J.3.8.13.5。 3.9驗證 3.9.1 設計驗證design verification 在成套設備的樣機或其部件上進行的用以證實設計滿足相應成套設備標準要求的驗證。 注：設計驗證可以包含一個或幾個等效方式，見3.9.1.1、3.9.1.2和3.9.1.3。 3.9.1.1 驗證試驗verification test 在成套設備的樣機或其部件上進行試驗以驗證設計滿足相關的成套設備標準的要求。 注：驗證試驗等效于型式試驗。 3.9.1.2 驗證比較verification comparison 成套設備或成套設備部件的建議設計與已由試驗驗證的基準設計的結構相比較。 3.9.1.3 驗證評估 verification assessment 對嚴格地按設計準則或計算的成套設備的樣機或其部件進行設計驗證，以表明設計能滿足相關成套設備標準的要求。 3.9.2 例行檢驗 routine verification 對每一臺成套設備在制造過程中和/或組裝后進行的檢驗，以確認是否滿足相關成套設備標準的要求。 3.10制造商/用戶 3.10.1 初始制造商original manufacturer 進行初始設計并按照相關成套設備標準對成套設備進行相關驗證的組織。 3.10.2 成套設備制造商ASSEMBLY manufacturer 對整個成套設備負有責任的組織。 注：成套設備制造商和初始制造商可以是不同的組織。 3.10.3 用戶 user 規定、購買、使用和/或操作成套設備的參與者，或由其他人代其執行。 4符號和縮略語 下面將帶有符號和縮略語的術語及其首次使用的條款，按字母順序列表如下： 符號/縮略語 術語 章條編號 CTI 相比電痕化指數 3.6.16 ELV 特低電壓 3.7.11 EMC 電磁兼容性 3.8.13 fn 額定頻率 3.8.12 Ic 短路電流 3.8.6 Icc 額定限制短路電流 3.8.10.4 Icp 預期短路電流 3.8.7 Icw 額定短時耐受電流 3.8.10.3 InA 成套設備額定電流 5.3.1 Inc 一條電路的額定電流 5.3.2 Ipk 額定峰值耐受電流 3.8.10.2 N 中性導體 3.7.5 表(續) 符號/縮略語 術語 章條編號 PE 保護導體 3.7.4 PEN 保護中性導體 3.7.6 RDF 額定分散系數 3.8.11 SCPD 短路保護電器 3.1.11 SPD 浪涌保護器件 3.6.12 Ue 額定工作電壓 3.8.9.2 Ui 額定絕緣電壓 3.8.9.3 Uimp 額定沖擊耐受電壓 3.8.9.4 Un 額定電壓 3.8.9.1 5接口特性 5.1 通則 成套設備的特性應保證所連接電路的額定值與安裝條件相適應，而且成套設備制造商應按5.2～5.6的準則對成套設備進行說明。 5.2 電壓額定數據 5.2.1 額定電壓(Un)(成套設備的) 額定電壓應至少等于電氣系統的標稱電壓。 5.2.2額定工作電壓(Ue)(成套設備中的一條電路的) 任何電路的額定工作電壓應不小于其所連接的電氣系統的標稱電壓。 如果一條電路的額定工作電壓與成套設備的額定電壓不同，則應說明適合電路的額定工作電壓。 5.2.3額定絕緣電壓(Ui)(成套設備中的一條電路的) 成套設備中一條電路的額定絕緣電壓是介電試驗電壓和爬電距離參照的電壓值。 一條電路中的額定絕緣電壓應等于或高于該條電路中規定的額定電壓Un和額定工作電壓Ue。 注：對于IT系統的單相電路(參見IEC 60364-5-52)，額定絕緣電壓至少等于電源的相間電壓。 5.2.4額定沖擊耐受電壓(Uimp)(成套設備的) 額定沖擊耐受電壓應等于或高于該電路預定連接的系統中出現的瞬態過電壓的規定值。 注：額定沖擊耐受電壓的優選值在附錄G中的表G.1中給出。 5.3電流額定數據 5.3.1成套設備的額定電流(InA) 成套設備的額定電流應為下列所述情況的電流較小者： ——成套設備內所有并聯運行的進線電路的額定電流總和； ——特殊布置的成套設備中主母線能夠分配的總電流。 通此電流時，各部件的溫升均不能超過9.2中規定的限值。 注1：進線電路的額定電流可低于安裝在成套設備內的(符合各自器件標準的)進線器件的額定電流。 注2：就此而論主母線是指在運行中正常連接的單個母線或單個母線的組合體，例如使用母線連接器。 注3：成套設備額定電流是成套設備可以分配的且不會因為增加更多出線單元而超出的最大允許負載電流。 5.3.2一條電路的額定電流(Inc) 一條電路的額定電流是該電路在正常工作條件下能夠單獨承載的電流值。成套設備的各部分在承載該電流時的溫升應不超過9.2中規定的限值。 注1：該條電路的額定電流可低于安裝在這條電路中的器件(根據各自的器件標準)的額定電流。 注2：由于確定額定電流的因素復雜，因此無法給出標準值。 5.3.3額定峰值耐受電流(Ipk) 額定峰值耐受電流應等于或大于電路預定連接的電源系統的預期短路電流峰值(見9.3.3)。 5.3.4額定短時耐受電流(Icw)(成套設備中的一條電路的) 額定短時耐受電流應等于或大于連接到電源每一點上的預期短路電流(Icp)的有效值(見3.8.10.3)。 成套設備不同的Icw值對應不同的持續時間(例如0.2 s、1 s、3 s)。 對于交流，此電流值是交流分量的有效值。 5.3.5成套設備的額定限制短路電流(Icc) 額定限制短路電流應等于或大于保護成套設備的短路保護電器在動作時間內所能承受的預期短路電流的有效值(Icp)。 成套設備制造商應聲明指定的短路保護電器的分斷能力和電流極限特性(I2t，Ipk)，并考慮器件制造商給出的數據。 5.4額定分散系數(RDF) 額定分散系數是由成套設備制造商根據發熱的相互影響給出的成套設備的出線電路可以持續并同時承載的額定電流的標幺值。 標示的額定分散系數能用于： · 電路組； · 整個成套設備。 額定分散系數乘以電路的額定電流應等于或大于出線電路的計算負荷。出線電路的計算負荷應在相關成套設備標準中給出。 注1：出線電路的計算負荷可以是穩定持續電流或可變電流的熱等效值(見附錄E)。 額定分散系數適用于在額定電流(InA)下運行的成套設備。 注2：額定分散系數可識別出多個功能單元在實際中不能同時滿負荷或斷續地承載負荷。 更詳細的資料見附錄E。