This standard is formulated with a view to implementing the Environmental protection law of the People's Republic of China and the Law of the People's Republic of China on the prevention and control of atmospheric pollution, preventing and controlling environmental pollution caused by emissions from non-road diesel mobile machinery, and improving the ambient air quality.
This standard specifies the emissions control technical requirements of non-road diesel mobile machineries (China IV) and diesel engines to be installed in them. This standard is a supplement to the content of GB 20891-2014 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from diesel engines of non-road mobile machinery (CHINA III, IV), Part China IV.
This standard is modified in relation to the technical content of diesel engines to be installed in non-road mobile machinery in the Directive 97/68/EC (as of the revision Directive 2012/46/EU) Approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to measures against the emission of gaseous and particulate pollutants from internal combustion engines to be installed in non-road mobile machinery and part of technical content in the REGULATION (EU) 2016/1628 Requirements relating to gaseous and particulate pollutant emission limits and type-approval for internal combustion engines for non-road mobile machinery, amending Regulations (EU) No 1024/2012 and (EU) No 167/2013, and amending and repealing Directive 97/68/EC.
Annexes A to K of this standard are normative.
This standard is issued for the first time.
This standard is formulated by the Department of Air Environment and the Department of Laws and Regulations and Standards under the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.
Chief drafting organizations of this standard: Ji'nan Automobile Test Center Co., Ltd., Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences and Weichai Power Co., Ltd.
This standard was approved by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment on December 28, 2020.
From the issue date hereof, information disclosure may be carried out according to the technical requirements (China IV) herein.
All 560kW or below non-road mobile machineries produced, imported and sold from December 1, 2022 and diesel engines to be installed in them shall meet the requirements of this standard.
The implementation time of the standard (China IV) for non-road mobile machineries above 560kW and diesel engines to be installed in them will be announced separately.
The Ministry of Ecology and Environment is responsible for the explanation of this standard.
Emissions control technical requirements of non-road diesel mobile machinery
1 Application scope
This standard specifies the emissions control technical requirements of non-road diesel mobile machineries (China IV) (hereinafter referred to as “machinery”) and diesel engines to be installed in them as well as the second diesel engine to be installed in vehicles intended for the transport of passengers or goods on roads.
This standard is applicable to the type inspection, production conformity check, emission compliance check, in-service conformity check and durability requirements of the following (including but not limited to) machineries and diesel engines to be installed in them and working at non-constant speed, such as:
——engineering machinery (including excavating machinery, shoveling and transportation machinery, lifting machinery, forklift, compaction machinery, pavement construction and curing machinery, concrete machinery, tunneling machinery, piling machinery, aerial work machinery, rock drilling machinery, etc.);
——agricultural machinery (including tractor, combine harvester, etc.);
——forestry machinery;
——airport ground service equipment;
——material handling machinery;
——snow plow equipment;
——industrial drilling equipment.
This standard is applicable to the type inspection, production conformity check, emission compliance check, in-service conformity check and durability requirements of the following (including but not limited to) machineries and diesel engines to be installed in them and working at constant speed, such as:
——air compressor;
——generator set;
——fishery machinery (aerator, pond excavator, etc.);
——water pump.
Tri-wheel vehicles and diesel engines to be installed in them, as well as ships with rated net power less than 37kW and diesel engines to be installed in them shall comply with this standard.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document applies.
GB 17691-2005 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from compression ignition and gas fueled positive ignition engines of vehicles (III, IV, V)
GB 17691-2018 Limits and measurement methods for emissions from diesel fuelled heavy-duty vehicles (China VI)
GB 20891-2014 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from diesel engines of non-road mobile machinery (CHINA III, IV)
GB 29518-2013 Diesel engines NOx reduction agent - Aqueous urea solution (AUS 32)
GB 36886-2018 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust smoke from non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine
GB 7258 Technical specifications for safety of power-driven vehicles operating on roads
GB/T 1147.1 Small and medium power internal combustion engines - Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 25606 Earth-moving machinery - Product identification numbering system
HJ 437-2008 Technical specification for on-board diagnostic (OBD) system of compression ignition and gas fuelled positive ignition engines of vehicles
ISO 15031 Road vehicles - Communication between vehicle and external equipment for emissions-related diagnostics
ISO 13400 Road vehicles - Diagnostic communication over Internet Protocol (DoIP)
ISO 15765-4 Road vehicles - Diagnosis on controller area network (CAN) - Part 4: Requirements for emission-related systems
ISO 27145 Road vehicles - Implementation of World-Wide Harmonized On-Board Diagnostics (WWH-OBD) communication requirements
SAE J1939 Commercial vehicle control system local area network (CAN) communication protocol
SAE J1939-73 Application layer - Diagnostics
ASTM E 29-06B Standard practice for using significant digits in test data to determine conformance with specifications
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions given in GB 20891-2014 and the following apply.
3.1
emission control strategy
an element or a set of design elements incorporated into the overall design of a diesel engine system or machinery and used in controlling emissions, including a base emission control strategy (BECS) and a set of auxiliary emission control strategies (AECS)
3.2
base emission control strategy (BECS)
an emission control strategy that works in the whole range of speed and load of diesel engine when the auxiliary emission control strategy is not activated, such as engine timing map, EGR map and SCR catalyst reagent dosing map
3.3
auxiliary emission control strategy (AECS)
an emission control strategy that temporarily replaces or modifies the base emission control strategy and works under specific environmental conditions and/or operating conditions (e.g., vehicle speed, diesel engine speed, gear, intake air temperature or intake air pressure, etc.) for one or more specific purposes
3.4
defeat strategy
an emission strategy that does not meet the performance requirements for base emission strategy or auxiliary emission strategy as specified in this standard
3.5
reagent
a kind of medium that is stored in a storage tank used by the machinery and is supplied to the exhaust aftertreatment system according to the needs of exhaust control system
3.6
deNOX system
exhaust aftertreatment system [e.g., NOx catalyst for passive and active lean-burn diesel engines, adsorptive NOx catalyst, and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system] designed to reduce NOX
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3.7
combined deNOX-particulate filter
exhaust aftertreatment system designed to reduce NOX and particulate matters (PM) simultaneously
3.8
exhaust aftertreatment system
catalyst [diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), three-way catalyst and any gas catalyst], particulate aftertreatment system, deNOx system, combined deNOX-particulate filter, and any other emission reducing device installed downstream of the diesel engine
3.9
particle number (PN)
the total number of particles with a diameter of greater than 23nm present in the diluted exhaust gas which has been conditioned to remove volatile compounds with the method as described in Appendix BB
3.10
emission control system
a system of technical points or emission strategies developed or calibrated for emission control
3.11
NOX control diagnostic system (NCD)
computer information system installed on the diesel engine, which belongs to the pollution control devices, with the following functions:
a) diagnosing the NOX control malfunction (NCM);
b) finding out the possible causes of NOX control malfunction through the information in the memory and/or the external communication information.
3.12
NOX control malfunction (NCM)
an attempt to tamper with the NOX control system of a diesel engine or a malfunction that affects the NOX control system caused by such an attempt. In this standard, once this situation is detected, it is necessary to trigger the driver warning system or driver inducement system
3.13
engine family
a manufacturer's grouping of diesel engine types which, through their design according to GB 20891-2014, Clause 8 and the requirements of 10.2 herein, have similar exhaust emission characteristics, and respect the same emission limit values
3.14
NCD engine family
a grouping of diesel engine types with the same NCM monitoring and diagnosis methods
3.15
particulate control diagnostic system (PCD)
computer information system installed on the diesel engine, which belongs to the pollution control devices, with the following functions:
a) diagnosing the particulate control malfunction (PCM);
b) finding out the possible causes of particulate control malfunction by virtue of the information in the memory and/or the external communication information.
3.16
particulate control malfunction (PCM)
attempt to tamper with the particulate control system of a diesel engine or a malfunction that affects the particulate control system caused by such an attempt. In this standard, once this situation is detected, it is necessary to trigger the driver warning system or driver inducement system
3.17
PCD engine family
a grouping of diesel engine types with the same PCM monitoring and diagnosis methods
3.18
diagnostic trouble code (DTC)
a set of numeric or alphanumeric identifiers that can identify or indicate a malfunction
3.19
confirmed and active DTC
DTC stored when NCD and PCD confirm that there is a malfunction
3.20
access
availability of all emissions-related data, including all fault codes required for the inspection, diagnosis, servicing or repair of emissions-related components of the machinery, via the standard serial diagnostic interface
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3.21
unrestricted
access not dependent on an access code obtained from the manufacturer or a similar device, or access of the data generated without any unique decoding information, unless the information accessed is standardised
3.22
portable emissions measurement system (PEMS)
a complete set of emissions measurement system which can be installed in the machinery, and can measure the exhaust gas flow and pollutant concentration at the same time, measure the ambient temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure, and measure or collect relevant parameters of diesel engine such as speed, torque, load, latitude and longitude and altitude in real time
3.23
PEMS method
a method of installing PEMS in the machinery under test to measure the exhaust pollutant emissions of the machinery during actual operation
3.24
work-based window
a continuous interval from the start point to the end point of the test, which is defined as a work-based window when the accumulated work of the interval is equal to the work amount of diesel engine in non-road transient cycle
3.25
window brake-specific emissions
the ratio of the total mass of exhaust pollutants from a machinery in a work-based window to the amount of work in the same, expressed in g/kW·h
3.26
work-based window method
a method of evaluating the emissions from a machinery by comparing the compliance of the brake-specific emission of each work-based window with the specific emission obtained by type inspection of diesel engine
3.27
average window power percentage
the percentage of the average power of diesel engine in the work-based window to the maximum net power of the diesel engine
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3.28
valid work-based window
a window with an average window power percentage greater than 20%
If the number of windows with an average window power percentage greater than 20% is less than 50% of the total number of all windows, the requirement of the average window power percentage being 20% may be gradually reduced with a step length of 1%, but the minimum average window power percentage shall not be less than 15%.
3.29
valid data points
all test data points from the time when the coolant temperature of the diesel engine is above 70℃ or when it varies less than 2℃ within 5min after the beginning of PEMS test (whichever is earlier, but not later than 20min after the diesel engine starts) to the end of the test
3.30
operating process
a continuous process consisting of startup of diesel engine, operation (of machinery), shutdown of diesel engine, and the time from shutdown to the next startup of diesel engine
3.31
working process
a complete (or partial) actual operating process that can reflect the actual emission performance of the diesel engine installed in the machinery
3.32
electronic fuel injection system
electronic control system of diesel engine, enabling adjustment of the injection parameters of diesel engine according to different conditions
3.33
non-road steady cycle (NRSC)
test cycle including five operating conditions, six operating conditions and eight operating conditions in accordance with those specified in GB 20891-2014, B.1
3.34
non-road transient cycle (NRTC)
test cycle including 1,238 operating conditions varying per second in accordance with those specified in GB 20891-2014, B.1
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3.35
continuous regeneration
regeneration process of exhaust aftertreatment system that occurs either permanently or at least once per NRTC (or NRSC) hot test
3.36
periodic regeneration
regeneration process of a pollution control device that occurs periodically in less than 100h of normal diesel engine operation
3.37
non-volatile computer memory
random access memory that can retain information when the power supply is interrupted (e.g., the battery of the machinery is disconnected, or the fuse of control unit is removed). Generally, the non-volatility of non-volatile computer memory is realized by using a backup battery equipped in an on-board computer, or by using an electronically erasable and programmable read-only memory chip
3.38
pollution control device
device installed in the machinery and its electronic control unit for controlling or limiting the emission of pollutants from diesel engine
3.39
wall flow diesel particulate filter (DPF)
particulate aftertreatment system in which the two ends of the adjacent honeycomb channels are alternately plugged, forcing the airflow to pass through the porous wall surface so as to trap the particulates in the wall holes as well as on the inlet wall surface
3.40
machine environmental identification number (MEIN)
a set of character codes designated by the machinery manufacturer/importer for each machinery it produces and imports according to the requirements of this standard so as to identify the machinery
3.41
full life
full lifecycle of a machinery from production, use to scrapping
3.42
useful life
time period completely consistent with the useful life of the diesel engine installed in machinery
3.43
maximum net power
the maximum net power value of a diesel engine measured under the full load
3.44
tri-wheel vehicles
goods vehicle with three wheels and a maximum design speed of no more than 50km/h according to the requirements of GB 7258
4 Pollution control requirements
4.1 Type inspection of machinery and diesel engine
4.1.1 General requirements
4.1.1.1 Machineries and diesel engines within the application scope of this standard shall be subjected to type inspection according to the requirements of 5.2 herein and those of GB 20891-2014, 5.2.
4.1.1.2 The diesel engine type or family may be taken as a separate technical unit for type inspection.
4.1.1.3 For the machinery equipped with a diesel engine that has not yet undergone type inspection, the machinery or its diesel engine shall be subjected to type inspection; for the machinery equipped with a diesel engine that has undergone type inspection, the machinery or its diesel engine may not be subjected to type inspection additionally.
4.1.1.4 During type inspection, the reference fuel meeting the requirements of GB 17691-2018, Table D.1 and the aqueous urea solution (if applicable) meeting the requirements of GB 29518-2013 shall be used.
4.1.1.5 The label of diesel engine shall be clear and easy to observe, and two-dimensional code may also be adopted additionally.
4.1.1.6 When, with the diesel engine on the bench, the measured maximum net power is not in the same power section as the rated net power, and does not meet the power deviation requirements in B.2, the emission limits and technical requirements of more stringent power section shall be implemented.
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4.1.2 Family (parent engine) type inspection
4.1.2.1 In the type inspection of a diesel engine, a parent engine that can represent the diesel engine type or family shall be selected. If the selected engine type cannot fully represent the type or family mentioned in GB 20891-2014, Annex A, an additional representative diesel engine shall be selected for testing.
4.1.2.2 The parent engine (machinery) with the worst emission level in the family shall be selected. The type inspection of the parent engine (machinery) may be extended to all members of the family, and other members of the family do not need to conduct type inspection.
4.1.2.3 The technical service shall seal up the ECU of the diesel engine under type inspection for future check. The said ECU may no longer be kept after five years of production halt of diesel engine or machinery.
4.1.2.4 The competent department of ecology and environment may perform confirmation check according to Annex J.
4.2 Product type change
Any change to the type-inspected diesel engine type or machinery shall not have adverse impact on pollutant emission and shall still meet the requirements of this standard. If the change item belongs to the disclosed information, the machinery manufacturer/importer shall disclose the information of the product change item; if the change item may affect the emission performance, corresponding type inspection shall be conducted, and the product change content and type inspection results shall be disclosed.
4.3 Information disclosure
4.3.1 For machineries within the application scope of this standard, their machinery manufacturer/importer shall disclose the information according to the requirements of GB 20891-2014, Annex A, and Annex A hereto. The diesel engine manufacturer may technically process the content involving its secrets before disclosing them.
4.3.2 Each machinery must be provided with an environmental protection information label firmly, which shall meet the requirements of Annex I hereto.
4.3.3 Each machinery must have a unique machine environmental identification number, which shall meet the requirements of Annex K hereto.
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4.4 Environmentally benign production conformity and in-service conformity
4.4.1 The machinery and diesel engine manufacturers shall ensure the environmentally benign production conformity of mass-produced machineries and diesel engines, and provide relevant assurance materials for production conformity according to the requirements of Annex F hereto. Manufacturers shall ensure that the emission of newly produced machineries and diesel engines meets the standards according to the requirements of this standard and prepare data relevant to self-inspection of emission from newly produced machineries and diesel engines according to the requirements of Clause 7 herein, and the competent department of ecology and environment may conduct supervision and random inspection on the emission from newly produced machineries and diesel engines according to the requirements of Clause 7 herein.
4.4.2 The machinery and diesel engine manufacturers shall ensure the in-service conformity of machineries and diesel engines they produce, and prepare the self-inspection plan for in-service conformity according to the requirements of Annex G hereto. The machinery and diesel engine manufacturers shall ensure that the emission of machinery meets the standards in actual use according to the requirements of this standard and prepare in-service conformity self-inspecting report according to the requirements of Clause 8 herein, and the competent department of ecology and environment may conduct supervision and random inspection on in-service conformity according to the requirements of Clause 8 herein.
4.4.3 The machinery and tri-wheel vehicle equipped with a diesel engine with the rated net power of greater than or equal to 37kW shall be subjected to the newly produced machinery compliance check and in-service conformity check according to the requirements of 5.7.6 herein and GB 36886-2018. The machinery and tri-wheel vehicle equipped with a diesel engine with the rated net power of less than 37kW shall be subjected to the newly produced machinery compliance check and in-service conformity check according to the requirements of GB 36886-2018. The machinery which has multiple operation modes shall be subjected to the newly produced machinery compliance check and in-service conformity check under various modes.
5 Technical requirements and tests
5.1 General requirements
5.1.1 Requirements for base emission control strategy
The base emission control strategy shall be effective within the normal working range of diesel engine and meet the relevant requirements of this standard.
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5.1.2 Requirements for auxiliary emission control strategy
5.1.2.1 It is permitted to use auxiliary emission control strategy on diesel engine or machinery as a response to some specific environmental and/or operating conditions. The auxiliary emission control strategy may be activated, but the base emission control strategy cannot be permanently changed, with specific conditions as follows:
a) when the service conditions exceed the control conditions specified in 5.1.2.2 and meet the conditions in 5.1.2.3, the auxiliary emission control strategy may be activated.
b) when the service conditions meet the requirements of 5.1.2.2, the auxiliary emission control strategy still may be activated but for the purpose of 5.1.2.3. When the activation condition does not exist, the auxiliary emission control strategy shall no longer work.
5.1.2.2 Control conditions:
a) the altitude is 1,700m at most;
b) the ambient temperature is from 266K to 311K (from -7℃ to 38℃);
c) the coolant temperature of diesel engine is 343K (70℃) at least;
d) if the ambient temperature is lower than 275K (2℃) and one of the following two conditions is met, the diesel engine which is equipped with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) may have the auxiliary emission control strategy for EGR be activated regardless of the control conditions in the 5.1.2.1:
1) the intake manifold temperature is less than or equal to the temperature calculated using the following formula:
where,
IMTC——the intake manifold temperature, K;
PIM——the absolute intake manifold pressure, kPa.
2) the coolant temperature of diesel engine is not higher than the temperature calculated using the following formula:
where,
ECTC——the coolant temperature of diesel engine, K;
PIM——the absolute intake manifold pressure, kPa.
5.1.2.3 The auxiliary emission control strategy may be activated for the purposes of:
a) protecting the diesel engine system (including the protection of the intake system) and/or machinery from damage, and it is only activated by the on-board signal;
b) safe operation;
c) preventing excessive emissions during cold startup, warm-up or shutdown;
d) making trade-offs and reducing the control of one pollutant to maintain the control of all other pollutants under specific environment or operating conditions.
5.1.2.4 The diesel engine manufacturers shall make an explanation according to the requirements of 5.1.3 that the requirements of 5.1.2 shall be met when enabling any auxiliary emission control strategy during type inspection.
5.1.2.5 Use of any defeat strategy reducing the effectiveness of the pollution control device is prohibited.
5.1.3 The machinery manufacturers shall produce a documentation package covering any elements of design affecting the emission of the machinery, emission control strategy of diesel engine, methods for directly or indirectly controlling emissions-related variants of the diesel engine system, and detailed descriptions of driver warning system and driver inducement system required in Annexes C and D hereto, which shall meet the requirements of A.3.2.
5.1.4 Any machinery operating with vanadium-based SCR catalysts shall not leak vanadium-containing compounds into the atmosphere during its full life, and relevant data (such as temperature control strategy and relevant test reports) shall be submitted during the type inspection to prove that the inlet temperature of SCR is lower than 550℃ under any operating condition during the service of the machinery.
5.1.5 The machinery manufacturers shall clearly inform the user to add and use the reagents meeting the requirements of this standard in time to ensure that the machinery in actual use can meet the emission requirements of this standard.
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5.1.6 The diesel engine manufacturers shall minimize NOX emissions from the parent engine (the front end of aftertreatment device) and report the NOX emissions (data) from the parent engine and test methods to the competent department of ecology and environment.
5.2 Type inspection items
When the machinery and diesel engine type (family) is subjected to a type inspection according to this standard, the required type inspection items are as shown in Table 1 (as applicable).
Table 1 Inspection items
Standard cycle Non-road steady cycle (NRSC) Gaseous pollutants
Particulate mass (PM)
Particle number (PN) 1
Ammonia (NH3) concentration 2
CO2 and fuel consumption
Non-road transient cycle (NRTC)5 Gaseous pollutants
Particulate mass (PM)
Particle number (PN)
Ammonia (NH3) concentration 2
CO2 and fuel consumption
Non-standard cycle 6 Steady-state single point test Gaseous pollutants
Particulate mass (PM)
Durability
NOX control 2, 3
PM control 4
1 PN measurement is suitable for diesel engines with 37kW≤Pmax≤560kW;
2 The items to be inspected when reagent aftertreatment system is adopted;
3 The items to be inspected when EGR system is adopted;
4 The items to be inspected when particulate aftertreatment system is adopted;
5 It is not suitable for single-cylinder diesel engines with Pmax<19kW;
6 It is suitable for diesel engines with electronic fuel injection system.
5.3 Standard cycle emission requirements
5.3.1 The machinery equipped with diesel engine with rated net power of 37kW-560kW shall be equipped with wall flow diesel particulate filter (DPF) or more efficient particulate control device. When testing according to the test procedures given in GB 20891-2014, Annex B, and Annex B hereto, the particle number shall be measured at the same time, and the product of the result multiplied by the deterioration factor shall not exceed the limit specified in Table 2 of the amendment of GB 20891-2014. At the same time, it shall be ensured that there is no visible smoke during DPF regeneration.
5.3.2 When testing according to the test procedures given in GB 20891-2014, Annex B, and Annex B hereto, the CO2 emission and fuel consumption of diesel engine shall be measured at the same time, and the measurement results shall be recorded.
5.3.3 When testing according to the test procedures given in GB 20891-2014, Annex B, and Annex B hereto, if any reagent is used, the manufacturer shall ensure that the average value of NH3 emission from diesel engine in NRTC and NRSC does not exceed the limit value in Table 2 of the amendment of GB 20891-2014.
5.4 Non-standard cycle emission requirements
5.4.1 The requirements of non-standard cycle emissions are applicable to all diesel engines with electronic fuel injection system for machinery.
5.4.2 The non-standard cycle emission test shall be carried out according to the non-standard cycle emission requirements specified in Annex B upon completion of steady-state test conditions.
5.4.3 At least three random load and speed points shall be selected in the non-standard cycle emission area for the test, and the operation sequence of the above test points shall be randomly determined. The test shall be conducted according to the requirements of non-road steady cycle, but the brake-specific emissions of various pollutants (excluding PN) shall be calculated separately at each test point, and the brake-specific emission at each test point shall not exceed twice the limit value in Table 2 of the amendment of GB 20891-2014.
5.5 Durability requirements
5.5.1 The durability requirements shall not only meet the requirements of GB 20891-2014, Appendix BD, but also meet the requirements of 5.5.2-5.5.4 herein.
5.5.2 In the process of determining deterioration factor or deterioration correction value, the rated net power and maximum net torque at each test node shall meet the requirements of B.2.
5.5.3 One of the two test cycles given in B.3.8.1 and B.3.8.2 (hot start cycle only) in GB 20891-2014 may be used to determine the deterioration factor or deterioration correction value at each time node, and as for the other test cycle, an emission test shall be conducted respectively at the beginning and end of the durability test. The determined deterioration factor or deterioration correction value is applicable to the two cycles, and the pollutant emission at each node in durability test shall not exceed the limit specified in GB 20891-2014, Table 2. The constant-speed diesel engines only need to be tested for non-road steady cycle.
5.5.4 The diesel engine manufacturers may choose the deterioration factor specified in Table 2 as an alternative durability deterioration factor. The products of brake-specific emissions of various pollutants multiplied by the deterioration factor determined in Table 2 shall not exceed the limits specified in GB 20891-2014, Table 2. For engine types that have passed the type inspection using the deterioration factor specified in Table 2, if the manufacturer submits a written application, it is permissible to actually measure the deterioration factor or deterioration correction value to substitute the deterioration factor in Table 2 and also change the type inspection report within one year from the application.
Table 2 Specified deterioration factors for various pollutants
Pollutant CO HC NOX PM PN NH3
Specified deterioration factor 1.3 1.3 1.15 1.05 1.0 1.0
5.6 Requirements for NOX control measures and particulate matter control measures
5.6.1 The machinery manufacturer shall provide detailed information to fully describe the functional characteristics of the emission control system.
5.6.2 If the emission control system uses reagents, the machinery manufacturer must explain the characteristics of reagents, including type, concentration and working temperature.
5.6.3 The machinery manufacturer shall ensure that the emission control system retains its emission control function under all normal conditions, especially at low temperatures.
5.6.4 If the reagent tank is used on machinery, the reagent tank shall be accessible for sampling.
5.6.5 The diesel engine manufacturer shall:
a) provide written diesel engine maintenance guidance materials to the machinery manufacturer;
b) provide installation documents of diesel engine to the machinery manufacturer, including installation documents of emission control system as a constituent part of diesel engine;
c) provide the explanation materials of driver warning system, driver inducement system and reagent antifreeze system (if applicable) to the machinery manufacturer;
ensure that the requirements of installation documents, driver warning system, driver inducement system and reagent antifreeze system in Annexes C and D hereto are met.
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5.6.6 The normal operation of NOX control measures (if applicable) shall meet the requirements of Annex C, and shall be tested for verification according to the provisions of Annex C. Manufacturers are allowed to adopt control strategies stricter than those specified in Annex C.
5.6.7 The normal operation of particulate matter control measures (if applicable) shall meet the requirements of Annex D, and shall be tested for verification according to the provisions of Annex D. Manufacturers are allowed to adopt control strategies stricter than those specified in Annex D.
5.6.8 NCD and PCD information shall be obtained by the general scan-tool, and the communication protocol shall meet at least one of the following standard protocols.
a) ISO 27145 based on ISO 15765-4 (based on CAN);
b) ISO 27145 based on ISO 13400 (based on TCP/IP);
c) SAE J1939-73;
d) ISO 15031.
5.7 Requirements for mechanical technology
5.7.1 When installing the diesel engine on the machinery, the machinery manufacturer shall strictly follow the installation requirements specified in Clause 6, and the installation shall still meet the requirements of corresponding standards when verified according to Annex E and GB 36886-2018 in the actual operation process.
5.7.2 The emission control diagnostic system shall provide standardized interfaces and unrestricted access (read only), and shall comply with the provisions of HJ437-2008, D.8.2, D.8.4, D.8.5, and D.8.6. The diagnostic interface shall be located in an easy-to-find and accessible position. If the diagnostic interface is in a specific equipment box, the door of the box shall be manually openable without tools, and the box shall be clearly marked with "emission control diagnostic system" to identify the diagnostic interface. If the structure in the cab cannot meet the above requirements, an alternative location may be adopted, but it shall be easy to access and can prevent accidental damage under normal conditions of use. The machinery manufacturer shall disclose the information of the alternative location.
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5.7.3 Anti-tampering emission control system The machinery manufacturer has the responsibility to prevent the emission control diagnostic system and emission control unit of the machinery from being tampered with, and the machinery shall have anti-tampering function. If the machinery has been tampered with, the machinery manufacturer shall find out the reason and report to the competent department of ecology and environment, give feasible technical solutions to prevent tampering, and take remedial measures for newly produced machinery.
5.7.4 Machinery equipped with diesel engines with rated net power of 37kW and above shall be equipped with satellite navigation and precise positioning system before leaving the factory and shall meet the requirements of 5.7.7. The machinery manufacturers shall take necessary technical measures, and when operating in the full life of machinery, they shall be able to accurately locate the machinery through the satellite navigation and precise positioning system, which shall meet the requirements of Annex H. The manufacturer shall ensure that the machinery transmits the data of positioning information according to the requirements of Annex H. The competent department of ecology and environment can check the positioning function of the satellite navigation and precise positioning system when checking the compliance of newly produced machinery and in-service conformity.
5.7.5 The engineering machinery equipped with diesel engines with rated net power of 37kW and above (if equipped with SCR aftertreatment system, at least NOX sensor downstream of SCR shall be equipped) shall be equipped with on-board terminal system before leaving the factory and shall meet the requirements of 5.7.7. The machinery manufacturer shall take necessary technical measures to send data according to the requirements of Annex H when operating the machinery in its full life. The competent department can read the information uploaded in Table H.7 with a general scan-tool when checking the compliance of newly produced machinery and in-service conformity.
5.7.6 The machinery of 37kW and above shall be subjected to pollutant emission measurement in accordance with the test procedures in Annex E, and the brake-specific emission of CO and NOX for more than 90% of the valid work-based window shall not exceed 2.5 times the limit of the corresponding power section in GB 20891-2014, Table 2 (the specific NOX emission of diesel engine with a rated net power of less than 56kW is 2.5 times the HC+NOX limit of the power section). For machines with a constant speed and above 560kW, if the cumulative brake-specific emissions are used for pollutant emission calculations, the brake-specific emission of CO and NOX shall not exceed 2.5 times the limit of the corresponding power section in GB 20891-2014, Table 2, either.
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5.7.7 The machinery manufacturer shall have technical measures for preventing the removal of on-board terminal and precise positioning system to ensure that the on-board terminal and precise positioning system are not maliciously removed. In case of malfunction or dismantlement of the on-board terminal and the precise positioning system, the machinery shall activate the alarm system and send dismantling alarm information to the management platform as far as possible according to the requirements of Tables H.2 and H.10. The alarm information includes dismantling status, dismantling time and positioning latitude and longitude information. The warning system may use systems different from NCD and PCD.
5.7.8 The machinery manufacturer shall ensure that on-board terminal and precise positioning system work normally during the full life of machinery.
5.8 Emission warranty period
5.8.1 The machinery manufacturer shall ensure the materials, manufacturing processes and product quality of relevant components to guarantee their normal functions during their useful life.
5.8.2 Under normal conditions of use by the user, if the emission-related components fail or are damaged due to the quality problems of the components themselves during the warranty period, resulting in the failure of the emission control system, or the emission exceeds the limits required in this standard, the machinery manufacturer shall take measures in accordance with Law of the People's Republic of China on the prevention and control of atmospheric pollution and other laws.
5.8.2.1 The machinery manufacturer shall clearly inform the user of the normal use and maintenance of the machinery in accordance with the requirements of the normal use and maintenance guide (manual) of the machinery, and add oil and reagent that meet the requirements of the instructions for use and maintenance guide (manual).
5.8.2.2 Users shall use oil products and reagents that meet the standards.
5.8.2.3 If it can be proven that the malfunction or damage of emission-related components is caused by improper use or maintenance by users, the manufacturer does not have to assume the relevant warranty responsibility.
5.8.3 The manufacturer shall make a self-commitment to the emission warranty period of emission-related components, which shall not be shorter than the time specified in Table 3, whichever comes first.
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Table 3 Requirements for emission warranty period of key environmental protection components
Diesel engine power section
(kW) Speed Warranty period1
Time (h) Duration (year)
Pmax≥37 Any speed 3,000 5
19≤Pmax<37 Non-constant speed
Constant speed <3,000
Constant speed ≥3,000 1,500 2
Pmax<19 Any speed 1,500 2
1 The warranty period is calculated from the date of sale.
5.8.4 During information disclosure, the list of emission-related components and their corresponding warranty periods shall be disclosed, which shall be explained in the product specification.
6 Installation on machinery
6.1 For the machinery within the applicable scope of this standard, the machinery manufacturer shall ensure that the state of the diesel engine installed on the machinery is exactly the same as that of the diesel engine type inspection, and the manufacturer shall not make any adjustment to the diesel engine.
6.2 The intake pressure drop shall not exceed the pressure drop for diesel engines that have been subjected to type inspection in GB 20891-2014, Annex A;
6.3 The exhaust back pressure shall not exceed that declared for diesel engines that have been subjected to type inspection in GB 20891-2014, Annex A;
6.4 The power absorbed by the auxiliaries needed for operating the engine shall not exceed that declared for the diesel engines that have been subjected to type inspection in GB 20891-2014, Annex A;
6.5 The characteristics of exhaust aftertreatment system shall be consistent with those in the type inspection of diesel engine in GB 20891-2014, Annex A.
6.6 For the diesel engine subjected to type inspection as a separate technical unit, when it is installed on machinery, the emission control diagnostic system shall meet the requirements of diesel engine manufacturer.
Foreword II
1 Application scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Pollution control requirements
5 Technical requirements and tests
6 Installation on machinery
7 Emission compliance requirements and check of newly produced machinery (diesel engine)
8 In-service conformity requirements and check
9 Environmental protection information label of machinery
10 Family
Annex A (Normative) Type inspection materials
Annex B (Normative) Bench test procedures
Annex C (Normative) Requirements to ensure the correct operation of NOx control measures
Annex D (Normative) Requirements to ensure the correct operation of particulate control measures
Annex E (Normative) Test procedure and requirements for testing with portable emissions measurement system (PEMS)
Annex F (Normative) Assurance requirements and checking of production conformity
Annex G (Normative) Technical requirements for in-service conformity
Annex H (Normative) Technical requirements for on-board terminals
Annex I (Normative) Environmental protection information label of machinery
Annex J (Normative) Technical requirements for confirmation check
Annex K (Normative) Machine environmental identification number (MEIN)
