Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 25625-2010 Earth-moving Machinery – Dumpers - Trainer Seat/Enclosure. The following main changes have been made with respect to GB/T 25625-2010:
——The name of the standard is modified;
——The application scope of the standard is modified (see Chapter 1; Chapter 1 of 2010 edition);
——"Normative References" is supplemented and modified (see Chapter 2; Chapter 2 of 2010 edition);
——"Terms and Definitions" is supplemented and modified (see Chapter 3; Chapter 3 of 2010 edition);
——Requirements for "Seat dimensions", "Trainer seat location", "Trainer space envelope dimensions/adjustment/suspension", "Materials", "Handhold", "Storage" and "Restraint system" are modified (see 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9 and 4.10; Chapter 4 of 2010 edition);
——"FOPS or top-guard requirements for trainer seats", "ROPS requirements for trainer seats" and "Trainer seat ROPS/FOPS or top-guard labelling" are added (see 4.4, 4.5 and 4.6);
——“The Dimensions of the Trainer DLV” and “Trainer DLV Acceptance Criteria” are added (see Annex A and Annex B);
——"Bibliography" is added (see Bibliography).
This standard is identical to ISO 13459:2012 Earth-moving Machinery - Trainer Seat - Deflection Limiting Volume, Space Envelope and Performance Requirements by means of translation.
Chinese documents having corresponding consistency relationship with the normative international documents referenced in this standard are as follows:
——GB/T 8420-2011 Earth-moving Machinery - Physical Dimensions of Operators and Minimum Operator Space Envelope (ISO 3411:2007, IDT);
——GB/T 8498-2017 Earth-moving Machinery - Basic Type - Identification - Terms and Definitions (ISO 6165:2012, IDT);
——GB/T 8591-2000 Earth-moving Machinery - Seat Index Point (eqv ISO 5353:1995);
——GB/T 16937-2010 Earth-moving machinery - Operators Field of View - Test Method and Performance Criteria (ISO 5006:2006, IDT);
——GB/T 17300-2017 Earth-moving Machinery - Access Systems (ISO 2687:2011, IDT);
——GB/T 17771-2010 Earth-moving Machinery - Falling-object Protective Structures - Laboratory Tests and Performance Requirements (ISO 3449:2005, IDT);
——GB/T 17921-2010 Earth-moving Machinery - Seat Belts and Seat Belt Anchorages - Performance Requirements and Tests (ISO 6683:2005, MOD);
——GB/T 17922-2014 Earth-moving Machinery - Roll-over Protective Structures - Laboratory Tests and Performance Requirements (ISO 3471:2008, IDT);
——GB/T 19930.2-2014 Earth-moving Machinery - Laboratory Tests and Performance Requirements for Protective Structures of Excavators - Part 2: Roll-over Protective Structures (ROPS) for Excavators of over 6t (ROPS) (ISO 12117-2:2008, IDT);
——GB/T 19932-2005 Earth-moving Machinery - Hydraulic Excavators - Laboratory Tests and Performance Requirements for Operator Protective Guards (ISO 10262:1998, MOD);
——GB/T 21153-2007 Earth-moving Machinery - Units for Dimensions Performance and Capacities and Their Measurement Accuracies (ISO 9248:1992, MOD);
——GB 25684.1-2010 Earth-moving Machinery - Safety - Part 1: General Requirements (ISO 20474-1:2008, MOD).
This standard was proposed by the China Machinery Industry Federation.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Earth-moving Machinery of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 334).
The previous edition of the standard is as follows:
——GB/T 25625-2010.
Earth-moving Machinery - Trainer Seat - Deflection Limiting Volume, Space Envelope and Performance Requirements
1 Scope
This standard specifies the trainer-seat defection limiting volume (DLV), space envelope and performance requirements, and dimensions, for use in laboratory evaluations of protective structures on earth-moving machinery as defined in ISO 6165.
The effects of vibration are not considered a significant risk for short-term or temporary seats and are therefore outside the scope of this standard.
2 Normative References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2867 Earth-moving Machinery - Access Systems
ISO 3411 Earth-moving Machinery - Physical Dimensions of Operators and Minimum Operator Space Envelope
ISO 3449 Earth-moving Machinery - Falling-object Protective Structures - Laboratory Tests and Performance Requirements
ISO 3471 Earth-moving Machinery - Roll-over Protective Structures - Laboratory Tests and Performance Requirements
ISO 5006 Earth-moving Machinery - Operator's Field of View - Test Method and Performance Criteria
ISO 5353 Earth-moving Machinery,and Tractors and Machinery for Agriculture and Forestry - Seat Index Point
ISO 6165 Earth-moving Machinery - Basic Type - Identification and Terms and Definitions
ISO 6683 Earth-moving Machinery - Seat Belts and Seat Belt Anchorages - Performance Requirements and Tests
ISO 9248 Earth-moving Machinery - Units for Dimensions,Performance and Capacities,and Their Measurement Accuracies
ISO 10262 Earth-moving Machinery - Hydraulic Excavators - Laboratory Tests and Performance Requirements for Operator Protective Guards
ISO 12117-2 Earth-moving Machinery - Laboratory Tests and Performance Requirements for Protective Structures of Excavators - Part 2: Roll-over Protective Structures (ROPS) for Excavators of over 6t
ISO 20474-1 Earth-moving Machinery - Safety - Part 1: General Requirements
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
locating axis; LA
horizontal axis for positioning the DLV (3.2) with respect to the seat index point (SIP)
3.2
deflection limiting volume; DLV
orthogonal approximation of a large, seated operator, as defined in ISO 3411, wearing normal clothing and a protective helmet
Note 1: Adapted from ISO 3164:1995, definition 3.1.
Note 2: The DLV applies to the operator, whereas the trainer DLV (3.7) applies to the trainer and trainer seat.
3.3
operator space
space around the operator
3.4
orthogonal top head plane
upper 270mm×330mm rectangular horizontal surface of the DLV for FOPS testing
See Figure A.1.
3.5
trainer seat
seat installed in the operator’s compartment, adjacent to or behind the operator’s seat, for short-term or temporary usage for the primary purpose of training an operator
3.6
trainer space envelope
envelope in which the trainer performs job tasks
3.7
trainer DLV
approximation of a large, seated trainer wearing normal clothing and a protective helmet
See Figure A.1.
Note: Adapted from ISO 3164:1995, definition 3.1. (The trainer is assumed to be the same size as the large operator in that definition and in definition 3.2).
3.8
handhold
device which the trainer can hold onto, providing support and preventing body movement
4 Requirements
4.1 Seat dimensions
Trainer seats shall have dimensions in accordance with Table 1, unless a deviation is justified based on unusual ergonomic considerations. All dimensions shall be referenced to the seat index point (SIP), determined in accordance with ISO 5353. The trainer seat may consist of independent cushions, provided they conform to the required dimensions.
4.2 Trainer seat location
4.2.1 The trainer seat shall be installed within the operator’s station.
4.2.2 No portion of the trainer seat shall be located in the sector of vision A, as defined in ISO 5006. The trainer seat shall be positioned so as to provide adequate visibility for observing the operator and the work environment. The location of the trainer seat shall not interfere with the safe operation of the machine by the operator.
4.3 Trainer space envelope dimensions/adjustment/suspension
The trainer space envelope shall have the dimensions given in Figure 1. Seat adjustment and suspension is not required for a trainer seat.
4.4 FOPS or top-guard requirements for trainer seats
The FOPS (falling-object protective structure) requirements of ISO 3449 or top-guard requirements of ISO 10262 apply to the trainer seat using the trainer DLV, in accordance with Annex A. Results from FOPS or top-guard testing for the operator may be used to evaluate and verify compliance with this standard if the cab structure is shown through analysis to be stronger above the trainer.
4.5 ROPS requirements for trainer seats
4.5.1 General
The ROPS (roll-over protective structure) requirements given in ISO 3471 or ISO 12117-2, together with the provisions of 4.5.2 and 4.5.3, apply to trainer seats. Results from ROPS testing in accordance with ISO 3471 or ISO 12117-2 for the operator may also be used to evaluate and verify compliance with 4.5.3.
See also Annex B.
4.5.2 ROPS test procedure
Test the ROPS structure in accordance with ISO 3471 or ISO 12117-2, using the trainer DLV provisions given in Annexes A and B.
4.5.3 ROPS acceptance criteria
The acceptance criteria of ISO 3471 or ISO 12117-2, together with those of Annex B, apply.
4.6 Trainer seat ROPS/FOPS or top-guard labelling
If the acceptance criteria given in Annex B have been met, a reference to this standard shall be added to the ROPS/FOPS or top-guard label.
4.7 Materials
Materials used for the trainer seat and its fittings shall be fame-retardant and in accordance with ISO 20474-1.
4.8 Handhold
A handhold meeting the dimensional requirements for handholds given in ISO 2867 shall be placed within arm’s reach of the person seated in the trainer seat. The handhold may be the same one as that used to push to open or pull to close the door. The door latch mechanism for latching and unlatching the door shall not be used as a handhold.
4.9 Storage
The trainer seat may be stored or removed when not in use.
4.10 Restraint system
The trainer seat shall have a restraint system (e.g. seat belt and seat belt anchorage) in accordance with ISO 6683.
Foreword I
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Requirements
Annex A (Normative) Trainer DLV Dimensions
Annex B (Normative) Trainer DLV Acceptance Criteria
ICS 53.100
P 97
中華人民共和國國家標準
GB/T 25625—2017/ISO 13459:2012
代替GB/T 25625—2010
土方機械 教練員座椅 撓曲極限量、環境空間和性能要求
Earth-moving machinery—Trainer seat—Deflection limiting volume,
space envelope and performance requirements
(ISO 13459:2012,IDT)
2017-12-29發布 2018-07-01實施
中華人民共和國國家質量監督檢驗檢疫總局
中國國家標準化管理委員會
發布
前言
本標準按照GB/T 1.1—2009給出的規則起草。
本標準代替GB/T 25625—2010《土方機械 自卸車 教練員座椅/環境空間》。本標準與GB/T 25625—2010相比,除編輯性修改外主要技術變化如下:
——修改了標準的名稱;
——修改了標準的適用范圍(見第1章,2010年版的第1章);
——修改、增加了規范性引用文件(見第2章,2010年版的第2章);
——修改、增加了術語和定義(見第3章,2010年版的第3章);
——修改了“座椅尺寸”“教練員座椅位置”“教練員環境空間的尺寸/調整/懸架”“材料”“扶手”“貯存”和“約束系統”的要求(見4.1、4.2、4.3、4.7、4.8、4.9和4.10,2010年版的第4章);
——增加了“教練員座椅的FOPS或頂防護裝置要求”“教練員座椅的ROPS要求”和“教練員座椅ROPS/FOPS或頂防護裝置標簽”的要求(見4.4、4.5和4.6);
——增加了教練員DLV尺寸和教練員DLV驗收標準的規定(見附錄A和附錄B);
——增加了參考文獻(見參考文獻)。
本標準使用翻譯法等同采用ISO 13459:2012《土方機械 教練員座椅 撓曲極限量、環境空間和性能要求》。
本標準中規范性引用的國際文件有一致性對應關系的我國文件如下:
——GB/T 8420—2011 土方機械 司機的身材尺寸與司機的最小活動空間(ISO 3411:2007,IDT);
——GB/T 8498—2017土方機械 基本類型 識別、術語和定義(ISO 6165:2012,IDT);
——GB/T 8591—2000 土方機械 司機座椅標定點(eqv ISO 5353:1995);
——GB/T 16937—2010土方機械 司機視野 試驗方法和性能準則(ISO 5006:2006,IDT);
——GB/T 17300—2017 土方機械 通道裝置(ISO 2687:2011,IDT);
——GB/T 17771—2010 土方機械 落物保護結構 試驗室試驗和性能要求(ISO 3449:2005,IDT);
——GB/T 17921—2010 土方機械 座椅安全帶及其固定器 性能要求和試驗(ISO 6683:2005,MOD);
——GB/T 17922—2014 土方機械 滾翻保護結構 實驗室試驗和性能要求(ISO 3471:2008,IDT);
——GB/T 19930.2—2014 土方機械 挖掘機保護結構的實驗室試驗和性能要求 第2部分:6 t以上挖掘機的滾翻保護結構(ROPS)(ISO 12117—2:2008,IDT);
——GB/T 19932—2005 土方機械 液壓挖掘機 司機防護裝置的試驗室試驗和性能要求(ISO 10262:1998,MOD);
——GB/T 21153—2007 土方機械 尺寸、性能和參數的單位與測量準確度(ISO 9248:1992,MOD);
——GB 25684.1—2010 土方機械 安全 第1部分:通用要求(ISO 20474—1:2008,MOD)。
本標準由中國機械工業聯合會提出。
本標準由全國土方機械標準化技術委員會(SAC/TC 334)歸口。
本標準負責起草單位:天津工程機械研究院。
本標準參加起草單位:鄭州宇通重工有限公司。
本標準主要起草人:賈曉雯、余禮祥、吳紅麗。
本標準所代替標準的歷次版本發布情況為:
——GB/T 25625—2010。
土方機械 教練員座椅 撓曲極限量、環境空間和性能要求
1 范圍
本標準規定了教練員座椅的撓曲極限量、環境空間和性能要求及尺寸,用于ISO 6165定義的土方機械上保護結構的試驗室評價。
短期或臨時座椅的振動影響不視為重大危險,因此本標準不考慮振動的影響。
2規范性引用文件
下列文件對于本文件的應用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件,僅注日期的版本適用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件。其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。
ISO 2867土方機械 通道裝置(Earth-moving machinery—Access systems)
ISO 3411 土方機械 司機的身材尺寸與司機的最小活動空間(Earth-moving machinery—Physical dimensions of operators and minimum operator space envelope)
ISO 3449 土方機械 落物保護結構 試驗室試驗和性能要求(Earth-moving machinery—Falling-object protective structures—Laboratory tests and performance requirements)
ISO 3471 土方機械 滾翻保護結構 實驗室試驗和性能要求(Earth-moving machinery—Roll-over protective structures—Laboratory tests and performance requirements)
ISO 5006 土方機械 司機視野 試驗方法和性能準則(Earth-moving machinery—Operator's field of view—Test method and performance criteria)
ISO 5353農業和林業用土方機械、拖拉機和機械 司機座椅標定點(Earth-moving machinery,and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry—Seat index point)
ISO 6165土方機械 基本類型 識別、術語和定義(Earth-moving machinery—Basic type—Identification and terms and definitions)
ISO 6683土方機械 座椅安全帶及其固定器 性能要求和試驗(Earth-moving machinery—Seat belts and seat belt anchorages—Performance requirements and tests)
ISO 9248 土方機械 尺寸、性能和參數的單位與測量準確度(Earth-moving machinery—Units for dimensions,performance and capacities,and their measurement accuracies)
ISO 10262土方機械 液壓挖掘機 司機防護裝置的試驗室試驗和性能要求(Earth-moving machinery—Hydraulic excavators—Laboratory tests and performance requirements for operator protective guards)
ISO 12117—2土方機械 挖掘機保護結構的實驗室試驗和性能要求 第2部分:6 t以上挖掘機的滾翻保護結構(ROPS)(Earth-moving machinery—Laboratory tests and performance requirements for protective structures of excavators—Part 2:Roll-over protective structures(ROPS)for excavators of over 6 t)
ISO 20474—1 土方機械 安全 第1部分:通用要求(Earth-moving machinery—Safety—Part 1:General requirements)
3術語和定義
下列術語和定義適用于本文件。
3.1
定位軸locating axis;LA
DLV(3.2)相對于座椅標定點(SIP)位置的水平軸。
3.2
撓曲極限量deflection limiting volume;DLV
ISO 341.1規定的穿普通衣服、戴安全帽、坐姿高大身材司機的垂直投影近似值。
注1:改寫ISO 3164:1995,定義3.1。
注2:該DLV適用于司機,而教練員DLV(3.7)適用于教練員和教練員座椅。
3.3
司機空間operator space
司機周圍的空間。
3.4
正交頂面 orthogonal top head plane
用于FOPS試驗.DLV上部270 mm×330 mm的矩形水平面。
見圖A.1。
3.5
教練員座椅trainer seat
安裝在司機室內,靠近司機座椅或在其后方,短期或臨時使用培訓司機用的座椅。
3.6
教練員環境空間trainer space envelope
教練員履行工作職責所在的空間。
3.7
教練員DLV trainer DLV
穿普通衣服、戴安全帽、高大身材、坐姿教練員的近似值。
見圖A.1。
注:改寫ISO 3164:1995,定義3.1。(該教練員假設為與該定義和定義3.2中規定的高大身材司機同樣身材)。
3.8
扶手handhold
教練員可抓握的裝置,該裝置提供支撐并防止身體移動。
4 要求
4.1 座椅尺寸
教練員座椅的尺寸應符合表1的規定,基于特殊的人類工效學考慮的合理偏差除外。所有尺寸應以ISO 5353規定的座椅標定點(SIP)為基準。教練員座椅可由獨立的坐墊構成,只要它們的尺寸符合要求。
4.2教練員座椅位置
4.2.1 教練員座椅應安裝在司機室內。
4.2.2 教練員座椅的任何部分不應位于ISO 5006中定義的視野A區內。教練員座椅應放置在易于觀察司機和操作環境的位置。教練員座椅的位置應不干涉司機對機器的安全操作。
4.3教練員環境空間的尺寸/調整/懸浮
教練員環境空間的尺寸見圖1。教練員座椅不需要座椅調整裝置和懸浮裝置。
4.4 教練員座椅的FOPS或頂防護裝置要求
ISO 3449中的FOPS(落物保護結構)要求或ISO 10262中的頂防護裝置要求適用于使用符合附錄A規定教練員DLV的教練員座椅。如果經分析教練員上面的司機室結構強度更高,司機的FOPS或頂防護裝置試驗的結果可用于評價和驗證其是否符合本標準。
4.5教練員座椅的ROPS要求
4.5.1 一般要求
ISO 3471或ISO 12117-2中給出的ROPS(滾翻保護結構)要求,與4.5.2和4.5.3的規定適用于教練員座椅。按照ISO 3471或ISO 12117-2得出的ROPS試驗結果可用于評價和驗證是否符合4.5.3的規定。
見附錄B。
4.5.2 ROPS試驗程序
使用附錄A和附錄B規定的教練員DLV,按照ISO 3471或ISO 12117-2的規定進行ROPS結構試驗。
4.5.3 ROPS驗收標準
驗收標準是ISO 3471或ISO 12117-2與附錄B。
4.6 教練員座椅ROPS/FOPS或頂防護裝置標簽
如果滿足附錄8的驗收標準,應在ROPS/FOPS或頂防護裝置標簽中增加提及本標準。
4.7材料
教練員座椅及其配件所用的材料應阻燃且符合ISO 20474-1的規定。
4.8 扶手
扶手尺寸應符合ISO 2867的規定,扶手應位于坐在教練員座椅中的人手臂可及范圍內。扶手可用于推開門或關門,不可用于鎖門和拉開門栓。
4.9 貯存
教練員座椅在不使用時可以保留或拆除。
4.10約束系統
教練員座椅應具有符合ISO 6683規定的約束系統(如座椅安全帶和安全帶固定器)。
表1 教練員座椅尺寸 單位為毫米
尺寸 名稱 最大值 基本值 最小值
B 坐墊長度 320 300 215
D 坐墊寬度 360 300
G 靠背墊高度 400 150
H 靠背墊寬度 360 300
J 靠背墊角度 15° 10° 0°
SIP見ISO 5353。
單位為毫米
R1≥1 050(戴安全帽)或R1≥1 000(不戴安全帽)。SIP見ISO 5353。
圖1 教練員環境空間
附 錄 A
(規范性附錄)
教練員DLV尺寸
教練員DLV的尺寸應按圖A.1所示。
注:正交頂面圓形DLV用于FOPS試驗。
單位為毫米
說明:A是前邊界面、B是后邊界面。SIP見ISO 5353。
a可減少到避免干涉地板。
b機器零件或控制元件可能導致雙腳分開。最低限度是兩側應保持ISO 3411中防止雙腳和雙腿擠壓的體積。
c雙腳可向后移動45 mm。
圖A.1 教練員DLV尺寸
附 錄 B
(規范性附錄)
教練員DLV驗收標準
B.1 教練員DLV,SIP的上部應允許以下旋轉(見圖B.1)和調整。
a)在橫向和縱向加載期間,允許教練員DLV上部向ROPS側面或前面繞定位軸(LA)(見3.1和ISO 5353)旋轉為不大于15°。在LA下部的DLV可忽略。教練員DLV的旋轉應≤15°。如果小角度干涉機器部件或控制裝置,則該角度應限制旋轉。由于教練員DLV上的安裝面變形,允許安裝上部附加的旋轉;
b)對于高大身材教練員的軟組織撓曲,教練員DLV允許向ROPS的加載方向橫向或縱向調整50 mm。
B.2 當教練員DLV向ROPS撓曲方向旋轉到最大角度16°,司機空間應允許司機DLV旋轉到最大角度15°,以避免兩個DLV的干涉。
B.3剛性機架自卸車有比教練員座椅接近機器邊緣的司機座椅,或有側安裝司機室,在發生滾翻時向教練員座椅一側有不可評估的橫向加載,教練員座椅(見4.5)應符合ISO 3471的ROPS要求。
B.4測量準確度應符合ISO 9248的規定。
a)壓路機側向座椅上橫向加載
b)推土機上縱向加載
c)壓路機向前座椅橫向加載
圖B.1 SIP上部DLV的允許旋轉角度
參 考 文 獻
[1]GB/T 17772—1999土方機械 保護結構的實驗室鑒定 撓曲極限量的規定(ISO 3164:1995,IDT)
[2]GB/T 25624—2010土方機械 司機座椅尺寸和要求(ISO 11112:1995,IDT)