GB 25972-2024 Gas fire extinguishing systems and components
1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements of gas fire extinguishing systems（Hereinafter referred to as“fire system”）, components including SSU, DTU, container assemblies, nozzles, selector valves, check valves, manifold, connecting pipes, pressure relief device, actuating devices, control devices, signal feedback devices, reducing pressure devices, low venting high close valves, pipeline fittings, hooks and supports, and pressure relief device in protected area, the flow calculation method and verification, inspection rules, operation instruction and filling, packaging, transportation and storage of fire extinguishing agent and so on. The model designation methods are given and the corresponding test methods are described .
This document is applicable to the design, manufacturing, and inspection of chemical fire extinguishing systems such as heptafluoropropane (HFC227ea) and inert gas fire extinguishing systems such as IG-01 (argon), IG-100 (nitrogen), IG-55 (argon, nitrogen), and IG-541 (argon, nitrogen, carbon dioxide).
This document is not applicable to halogenated alkane fire extinguishing systems, high pressure and low pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing systems, hanging gaseous fire extinguishing equipment and cabinet gas fire extinguishing equipment.
2 Normative references
The following documents are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 150 (All parts) Pressure vessels
GB/T 567.1-2012 Bursting disc safety devices—Part 1：Basic requirement
GB/T 672 Chemical reagent—Magnesium chloride hexahydrate
GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provide by enclosure (IP code)
GB 4396 Fire extinguishing agent—carbon dioxide
GB 4717-2024 Fi re alarm control units
GB/T 4956 Non-magnetic coatings on magnetic substrates--Measurement of coating thickness—Magnetic method
GB/T 5099.1 Seamless steel gas cylinders—Part 1: Quenched and tempered steel cylinders with tensile hydrostatic strength less than 1100 MPa
GB/T 5099.4 Seamless steel gas cylinders—Part 4: Seamless stainless steel gas cylinders
GB/T 5100 Welded steel gas cylinders
GB/T 6052 Industrial liquid carbon dioxide
GB/T 7551 Load cells
GB/T 8979 Pure nitrogen and high purity nitrogen and ultra pure nitrogen
GB/T 9969 General principles for preparation of instructions for use of industrial products
GB/T 11640 Seamless aluminum alloy gas cylinders
GB/T 13384 General specifications for packing of mechanical and electrical product
GB 15930-2007 Fire dampers for building venting and smoke-venting system
GB 18614 Fire extinguishing agent heptafluoropropane（HFC227ea）
GB/T 18806 General specification for the resistance strain pressure transducer/sensor
GB 20128 Inert fire extinguishing agent
GB/T 21117 Magnetostrictive liquid level meter
GB/T 25000.51-2016 Systems and software engineering—Systems and software Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE)—Part 51：Requirements for quality of Ready to Use Software Product (RUSP) and instructions for testing
GB/T 25153 Chemical industry pressure vessel used magnetic-float type level gauge
GB/T 25208-2010 Environmental test methods for fixed extinguishing systems
GB/T 26807 Silicon piezoresistive dynamic pressure sensors
GB/T 26875.3 Remote-monitoring system of urban fire protection—Part 3: Communication protocol for alarm transmission network
GB/T 28854 Silicon capacitive pressure sensor
GB/T 28855 Silicon-based pressure sensors
GB/T 32566 Welded stainless steel cylinders
GB/Z 34603-2017 Gaseous-media fire-extinguishing systems—Engineered extinguishing systems—Flow calculation implementation method and flow verification and testing for approval
NB/T 10558 Coating and packing for pressure vessels transport
TSG 21 Supervision regulation on safety technology for stationary pressure Vessel
TSG 23 Regulation on safety technology for gas cylinder
XF 61-2010 General technical specifications of actuating and control devices of fixed extinguishing systems
XF 1203 Extinguishing agent filling rules for gaseous fire extinguishing systems
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
internal stored pressure fire extinguishing system
fire system that the extinguishing agent in container assemblies is driven by the pressurized gas in the container assemblies
3.2
external stored pressure fire extinguishing system
fire system that the extinguishing agent in the container assemblies is pressurized and transported by an external expellant gas container assemblies according to the design pressure
3.3
system self-pressurized fire extinguishing system
fire system that the extinguishing agent in container assemblies is driven by its own pressure
3.4
fire system maximum working pressure
maximum pressure borne by the component after the extinguishing agent container assemblies during fire system operation
Note 1: The maximum working pressure of the internal stored pressure fire extinguishing system (3.1) is the maximum working pressure of the extinguishing agent container assemblies.
Note 2: The maximum working pressure of the external pressure fire extinguishing system (3.2) is the maximum pressure at the outlet of the pressure reducing device.
Note 3: The maximum working pressure of the self-pressurized fire extinguishing system without reducing pressure device is the maximum working pressure of the extinguishing agent container assemblies.
Note 4: The maximum working pressure of the self-pressurized fire extinguishing system with reducing pressure device is determined through testing based on the position of the reducing pressure device in the pipeline network and its pressure reducing characteristics.
3.5
fill density
ratio of the mass of fire extinguishing agent in a gas cylinder or container to the volume of the gas cylinder or container
Note: Fill density is measured in kilograms per cubic meter（kg/m3）.
3.6
container assemblies storage pressure
P0
equilibrium pressure inside the container assemblies at 20℃
3.7
container assemblies maximum working pressure
Pmax
equilibrium pressure of the container assemblies filled with fire extinguishing agent according to the maximum fill density and pressurized in highest working temperature environment for the internal stored pressure fire extinguishing system (3.1);
maximum pressure of pressurized gas in highest working temperature environment to be delivered to the extinguishing agent container assemblies after decompression for the external pressure fire extinguishing system (3.2);
equilibrium pressure of the container assemblies filled with fire extinguishing agent at the maximum fill density (or maximum fill pressure) in highest working temperature environment for the self-pressurized fire extinguishing system (3.3);
equilibrium pressure of the container group filled with gas according to the maximum fill pressure or fill density in highest working temperature environment for the actuating gas container assemblies and the expellant gas container assemblies
3.8
container assemblies minimum working pressure
PMin
equilibrium pressure of the container assemblies filled with fire extinguishing agent according to the maximum fill density and pressurized in lowest working temperature environment for the internal stored pressure fire extinguishing system (3.1);
storage pressure of pressurized gas in lowest working temperature environment to be delivered to the extinguishing agent container assemblies after decompression for the external pressure fire extinguishing system (3.2);
equilibrium pressure of the container assemblies filled with fire extinguishing agent at the maximum fill density (or maximum fill pressure) in lowest working temperature environment for the self-pressurized fire extinguishing system (3.3);
equilibrium pressure of the container group filled with gas according to the maximum fill pressure or fill density in lowest working temperature environment for the starting gas container assemblies and the driving gas container assemblies
3.9
discharge time
duration from the moment when the nozzle starts to discharge the fire extinguishing agent to the time when it discharges 95% of the fire extinguishing dose required by the design concentration under 20℃, with respect to the internal stored pressure fire extinguishing system, the external pressure fire extinguishing system and the self-pressurized fire extinguishing system (except the inert gas extinguishing system);
duration from the moment when the nozzle starts to discharge the fire extinguishing agent to the time when it discharges 95% of the fire extinguishing dose required by the design concentration under 20℃ with respect to inert gas fire extinguishing systems
3.10
low venting high close valve
valve which is installed on the start-up pipeline of the system, normally in the open state, used to remove the gas accumulated in the start-up pipeline due to the leakage of the gas source, and can only be closed when the inlet pressure reaches the set pressure
3.11
noise-reducing nozzle
nozzle with a specific noise reduction structure that can significantly reduce gas discharge noise compared to a nozzle without a noise reduction structure under the same injection conditions
3.12
status sensor unit, SSU
device that monitors and provides feedback on the pressure, temperature, liquid level, quality, and switch status of fire extinguishing systems and components
3.13
data transfer unit, DTU
device that manages status sensor unit (SSU) (3.12), aggregates, stores, and analyzes data, and transmits it to other devices or data application platforms through data exchange interfaces
3.14
pressure relief device in protected area
device installed on the wall of the fire system protected area to release overpressure in the protected zone
3.15
effective pressure relief area
total free pressure relief area of pressure relief device in protected area (3.14)
Note: the unit is square meter (m2).
3.16
actuating devices
devices that can directly start the fire system to release components
3.17
pressure relief device action pressure
value of the pressure at which the pressure relief device operates at the highest operating temperature
4 Model designation method
4.1 Model designation method of systems
The model of gas extinguishing systems is designated as follows:
Example 1: QMQ4.2/90N stands for the internal stored pressure heptafluoropropane gas fire extinguishing system, the volume of extinguishing agent container assemblies of 90 L and storage pressure of 4.2 MPa.
Example 2: QMQ5.6/180W stands for the external pressure heptafluoropropane gas fire extinguishing system, the volume of extinguishing agent container assemblies of 180 L and maximum working pressure of 5.6 MPa.
Example 3: QMH15/90 stands for the self-pressurized IG541 gas fire extinguishing system, the volume of extinguishing agent container assemblies of 90 L and storage pressure of 15 MPa.
4.2 Model designation method of components
See Annex A for the preparation method for model designations of components.
5 Requirements
5.1 General Requirements
5.1.1 Materials
5.1.1.1 Containers and gas cylinders
The materials for containers and gas cylinders shall meet the following requirements:
a)Materials for stationary pressure vessels shall comply with GB/T 150.2.
b)Materials for seamless steel gas cylinders shall comply with GB/T 5099.1.
c)Materials for welded steel gas cylinders shall comply with GB/T 5100.
d)Materials for seamless stainless steel gas cylinders shall comply with GB/T 5099.4.
Foreword vi
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Model designation method
4.1 Model designation method of systems
4.2 Model designation method of components
5 Requirements
5.1 General Requirements
5.2 Fire system
5.3 Container assemblies
5.4 Nozzle
5.5 Selector valves
5.6 Check valves
5.7 Manifold
5.8 Connecting Pipes
5.9 Actuating devices
5.10 Control Device
5.11 Signal feedback Device
5.12 Reducing pressure device
5.13 Low venting high close valve
5.14 Pipeline fittings
5.15 Bracing
5.16 Flow calculation method and verification requirements
5.17 Pressure relief device in protected area
6 Test methods
6.1 Test requirements
6.2 Inspection of appearance, marking, document, material, fire extinguishing agent, pressurized gas, container，gas cylinder
6.3 Hydrostatic strength pressure test
6.4 Gas leakage test
6.5 Salt spray corrosion test
6.6 Stress corrosion test
6.7 Sulfur dioxide corrosion test
6.8 Voltage resistance test
6.9 Insulation resistance test
6.10 Fire system test
6.11 Inspection of monitoring information type
6.12 State sensor test
6.13 Data transfer unit test
6.14 DTU data application platform test
6.15 Fill density and fill pressure test for container assemblies
6.16 Vibration test
6.17 Temperature cycling leakage test
6.18 Container assemblies dumping impact test
6.19 Impact test of false discharge protection device
6.20 Release time of fire extinguishing agent container assemblies
6.21 Test on characteristics of external stored pressure fire extinguishing agent container assemblies
6.22 Overpressure test
6.23 Working reliability test
6.25 Local friction loss test
6.26 Container valve
6.27 Manual operation test
6.28 Contact resistance test
6.29 Weighing device alarm function test
6.30 High and low temperature test
6.31 Weighing device overload test
6.32 Protection level
6.33 Pressure indicator dial and display screen inspection
6.34 Basic error test of pressure indicator
6.35 Alternating load test of pressure indicator
6.36 Pressure indicator alarm function test
6.37 Power supply test for digital pressure indicator
6.38 Alarm function test of liquid level measuring device
6.39 Action test of pressure relief device
6.40 Relief capacity test of pressure relief device
6.41 Nozzle protective cap test
6.42 Flow characteristic test of nozzle
6.43 Heat and pressure resistance tests of nozzles
6.44 Heat and cold shock resistance tests of nozzles
6.45 Impact resistance test of nozzle
6.46 Discharge characteristic test for total-flooding nozzle
6.47 Nozzles noise test
6.48 Opening pressure test of check valves
6.49 Flow test of manifold
6.50 Hot air aging test of non-metallic connecting pipes
6.51 Low-temperature test of non-metallic connecting pipes
6.52 Signal feedback function Test of actuating device
6.53 Control device test
6.54 Action test of signal feedback device
6.55 Decompression characteristic test of reducing pressure device
6.56 High-pressure impact resistance test
6.57 Closing pressure test of low venting high close valve
6.58 Coating test
6.59 Load bearing capacity test
6.60 Cyclic loading test
6.61 Fatigue test
6.62 Action pressure test of pressure relief device in protected aera
6.63 Effective pressure relief area of pressure relief device in the protected area
6.64 Low-temperature resistance test of pressure relief device in the protected area
6.65 High-temperature resistance test of pressure relief device in protected area
6.66 Fire resistance test
6.67 Air leakage test
6.68 Negative pressure resistance test
7 Inspection rules
7.1 Inspection classification, inspection items and test procedure
7.2 Sampling method and test piece quantity
7.3 Judgment of test results
8 Operation instructions
9 The filling of fire extinguishing agent
10 Packaging, transportation and storage
10.1 Packaging
10.2 Transportation
10.3 Storage
Annex A (Informative) Model designation of components
Annex B (Normative) Determination method of maximum working pressure and minimum working pressure at different fill density
B.1 Test Conditions
B.2 Test Procedures
Annex C (Informative) Connection relationship example of DTU data application platform, SSU and DTU
C.1 DTU function description
C.2 Test piece of DTU data application platform, SSU and DTU connection relationship
Annex D (Informative) Extinguishing concentration for extinguishing fire of class B n-heptane and class A wood crib fire
Annex E (Informative) Test method for determining extinguishing concentration for extinguishing class B n-heptane fire and class A wood crib fire
E.1 Test enclosure
E.2 Measurement parameters
E.3 Fire system for test
E.4 Conditions for determining fire extinguishing concentration
E.5 Class B n-heptane fire extinguishing test
E.6 Test for extinguishing class A wood crib fire
Annex F (Normative) Fire system test procedure and test piece quantity
F.1 Test procedure
F.2 Test piece quantity
Annex G (Normative) Extinguishing agent container assemblies test procedure and test piece quantity
G.1 Test procedure
G.2 Test piece quantity
Annex H (Normative) The expellant gas container assemblies and the actuating gas container assemblies test procedure and test piece quantity
H.1 Test procedure
H.2 Test piece quantity
Annex I (Normative) Container and gas cylinder test procedure and test piece quantity
I.1 Test procedure
I.2 Test piece quantity
Annex J (Normative) Container valves test procedure and test piece quantity
J.1 Test procedure
J.2 Test piece quantity
Annex K (Normative) Weighing device test procedure and test piece quantity
K.1 Test procedure
K.2 Test piece quantity
Annex L (Normative) Pressure indicator test procedure and test piece quantity
L.1 Test procedure
L.2 Test piece quantity
Annex M (Normative) Liquid level measuring device test procedure and test piece quantity
M.1 Test procedure
M.2 Test piece quantity
Annex N (Normative) Pressure relief devices test procedure and test piece quantity
N.1 Test procedure
N.2 Test piece quantity
Annex O (Normative) Nozzle test procedure and test piece quantity
O.1 Test procedure
O.2 Test piece quantity
Annex P (Normative) Selector valves test procedure and test piece quantity
P.1 Test procedure
P.2 Test piece quantity
Annex Q (Normative) Check valves test procedure and test piece quantity
Q.1 Test procedure
Q.2 Test piece quantity
Annex R (Normative) Manifold test procedure and test piece quantity
R.1 Test procedure
R.2 Test piece quantity
Annex S (Normative) Connecting pipe test procedure and test piece quantity
S.1 Test procedure
S.2 Test piece quantity
Annex T (Normative) Actuating devices test procedure and test piece quantity
Annex U (Normative) Control device test procedure and test piece quantity
U.1 Test procedure
U.2 Test piece quantity
Annex V (Normative) Signal feedback device test procedure and test piece quantity
V.1 Test procedure
V.2 Test piece quantity
Annex W (Normative) Reducing pressure device test procedure and test piece quantity
W.1 Test procedure
W.2 Test piece quantity
Annex X (Normative) Low venting high close valve test procedure and test piece quantity
X.1Test procedure
X.2 Test piece quantity
Annex Y (Normative) Pipeline fittings test procedure and test piece quantity
Y.1 Test procedure
Y.2 Test piece quantity
Annex Z (Normative) Bracing test procedure and test piece quantity
Z.1 Test procedure
Z.2 Test piece quantity
Annex AA (Normative) Pressure relief device in protected area test procedure and test piece quantity
AA.1 Test procedure
AA.2 Test piece quantity
