標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編號(hào):	GB 17761-2024
中文名稱:	電動(dòng)自行車安全技術(shù)規(guī)范
英文名稱:	Safety technical specification for electric bicycle
行業(yè)分類:	GB    國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu):	國家市場(chǎng)監(jiān)督管理總局 國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理委員會(huì)
發(fā)布日期:	2024-12-31
實(shí)施日期:	2025-9-1
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)狀態(tài):	to be valid
替代舊標(biāo)準(zhǔn):	GB 17761-2018 電動(dòng)自行車安全技術(shù)規(guī)范
翻譯語言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符數(shù):	40000 字
翻譯價(jià)格(元):	3600.0
交付時(shí)間:	付款后 1 個(gè)工作日

GB 17761-2024 Safety technical specification for electric bicycle 1 Scope This document specifies technical requirements such as bicycle identification, bicycle safety, mechanical safety, electrical safety, fire and flame retardant, plastic proportion, BDS positioning function, communication and dynamic safety monitoring, tamper-proof, instruction manual, enterprise quality assurance capability and product consistency of electric bicycles, and describes the corresponding test methods. This document is applicable to electric bicycles. 2 Normative references The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 755-2019 Rotating electrical machines - Rating and performance GB 811 Helmets for motorcycle and electric bicycle users GB/T 3565.1-2022 Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 1: Terms and definitions GB 3565.2-2022 Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 2: Requirements for city and trekking, young adult, mountain and racing bicycles GB/T 3565.4-2022 Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 4: Braking test methods GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code) GB/T 5169.16 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products - Part 16: Test flames - 50W horizontal and vertical flame test methods GB/T 5296.1 Instructions for use of products of consumer interest - Part 1: General principles GB/T 5454 Textiles - Burning behaviour - Oxygen index method GB/T 5455 Textiles - Burning behaviour - Determination of damaged length, afterglow time and afterflame time of vertically oriented specimens GB/T 12742 The specifications of testing equipment and measuring appliance for bicycle GB/T 18284 QR code GB/T 18380.12 Test on electric and optical fibre cables under fire conditions - Part 12:Test for vertical flame propagation for a single insulated wire or cable - Procedure for 1kW pre-mixed flame GB/T 18380.22 Tests on electric and optical fibre cables under fire conditions - Part 22: test for vertical flame propagation for a single small insulated wire or cable - Procedure for diffusion flame GB/T 31887.1-2019 Cycles - Lighting and retro-reflective devices - Part 1: Lighting and light signalling devices GB/T 31887.2 Cycles - Lighting and retro-reflective devices - Part 2: Retro-Reflective devices GB 38262-2019 Flammability of interior materials for buses GB/T 40302 Plastics - Determination of burning behaviour of thin flexible vertical specimens in contact with a small-flame ignition source GB 42295-2022 Safety requirement for electric bicycles electrical GB 42296 Safety technical requirements of charger for electric bicycles GB 43854 Safety technical specification of lithium-ion battery for electric bicycle QB/T 1880 Front forks for bicycles 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 3565.1-2022 and the following apply. 3.1.1 electric bicycle two-wheeled bicycle with battery as energy source to realize electric drive or/and electric aid functions 3.1.2 fully assembled electric bicycle electric bicycle equipped with all necessary components (including battery and all accessories expressly indicated in the instruction manual, but excluding external charger and helmet) (3.1.1) 3.1.3 electric drive drive mode in which the driving electric energy is supplied by the on-board battery and only the motor outputs power 3.1.4 electric aid drive mode consisting of manpower and motor power according to the output ratio 3.1.5 manufactured date production date date of completion of bicycle manufacturing 3.1.6 BeiDou navigation satellite system; BDS global satellite navigation system developed, constructed and managed by China, which provides users with real-time three-dimensional position, speed and time information Note 1: It is referred to as BDS in this document. Note 2: The services provided by BDS include basic navigation services, short message communication services, satellite-based enhancement services, international search and rescue services and precision single-point positioning services. [Source: GB/T 39267-2020, 2.1.11, modified] 3.1.7 BeiDou independent positioning function that realizes the satellite navigation, positioning, timing and other functions only by using BDS without relying on other satellite navigation systems 3.2 Abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviations apply. PDOP: Position Dilution of Precision 4G: the 4th Generation mobile communication technology 5G: the 5th Generation mobile communication technology 4 General requirements 4.1 In the case of normal use, reasonable and foreseeable misuse and failure, the electric bicycles shall guard against danger. Dangers include but are not limited to: a) material deterioration, fire or personnel burns by the heat generated; b) burning, explosion, electric shock and the like during charging, driving and parking; c) personal injury caused by the breakage, looseness, deformation and motion interference of the bicycle or its components. 4.2 The software and hardware of electric bicycles shall have tamper-proof design to prevent unauthorized modification or change of maximum speed, motor power, voltage, etc.

Foreword i Introduction iii 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Terms and definitions 3.2 Abbreviations 4 General requirements 5 Bicycle identification 5.1 Nameplate 5.2 Bicycle serial number 5.3 Motor serial number 5.4 Nameplate location 5.5 Product certificate 6 Safety requirements and test methods 6.1 Bicycle safety 6.2 Mechanical safety 6.3 Electrical safety 6.4 Fire protection and flame retardance 6.5 Proportion of plastic 6.6 BDS positioning function 6.7 Communication and dynamic security monitoring 6.8 Tamper-proof 6.9 Instruction manual 6.10 Helmet 7 Enterprise quality assurance capability and product conformity 7.1 General requirements 7.2 Enterprise production capacity 7.3 Enterprise testing capability 7.4 Enterprise quality control capability 7.5 Inspection rules 8 Implementation of this standard Annex A (Nominative) Mechanical strength test Annex B (Informative) BDS module performance B.1 Definitions B.2 Positioning testing environment B.3 BDS module performance Annex C (Informative) Function examples of the electric bicycle management platform C.1 General C.2 Registration and information entry C.3 Positioning, early warning, and feedback C.4 Data analysis and reporting C.5 System security and privacy protection C.6 Compatibility and interaction C.7 Interface and data access Annex D (Informative) Examples of tamper-proof inspection methods D.1 General D.2 Inspection of specific operating methods D.3 Inspection of the decoder's speed limit removal method D.4 Inspection of the controller replacement method D.5 Inspection of the network speed limit removal method D.6 Inspection of the speed limit removal method using an external "cloud box" Annex E (Nominative) The setting of main technical parameters of electric bicycles E.1 Main technical parameters of bicycles E.2 Main technical parameters of batteries E.3 Main technical parameters of motors E.4 Main technical parameters of controllers Annex F (Informative) Enterprise quality control capability F.1 General F.2 Documents and records F.3 Key parts and control F.4 Production process control F.5 Finished product inspection F.6 Changes and conformity control of products F.7 Traceability and treatment measures Bibliography

電動(dòng)自行車安全技術(shù)規(guī)范 1 范圍 本文件規(guī)定了電動(dòng)自行車的整車標(biāo)志、整車安全、機(jī)械安全、電氣安全、防火阻燃、塑料占比、北斗定位功能、通信與動(dòng)態(tài)安全監(jiān)測(cè)、防篡改、使用說明書、企業(yè)質(zhì)量保證能力和產(chǎn)品一致性等技術(shù)要求，描述了相應(yīng)的試驗(yàn)方法。 本文件適用于電動(dòng)自行車。 2規(guī)范性引用文件 下列文件中的內(nèi)容通過文中的規(guī)范性引用而構(gòu)成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文件，僅該日期對(duì)應(yīng)的版本適用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。 GB/T 755—2019旋轉(zhuǎn)電機(jī) 定額和性能 GB 811摩托車、電動(dòng)自行車乘員頭盔 GB/T 3565.1—2022 自行車安全要求 第1部分：術(shù)語和定義 GB 3565.2—2022 自行車安全要求 第2部分：城市和旅行用自行車、青少年自行車、山地自行車與競(jìng)賽自行車的要求 GB/T 3565.4—2022 自行車安全要求 第4部分：車閘試驗(yàn)方法 GB/T 4208—2017外殼防護(hù)等級(jí)(IP代碼) GB/T 5169.16 電工電子產(chǎn)品著火危險(xiǎn)試驗(yàn) 第16部分：試驗(yàn)火焰50 W水平與垂直火焰試驗(yàn)方法 GB/T 5296.1 消費(fèi)品使用說明 第1部分：總則 GB/T 5454紡織品 燃燒性能試驗(yàn) 氧指數(shù)法 GB/T 5455 紡織品 燃燒性能 垂直方向損毀長(zhǎng)度、陰燃和續(xù)燃時(shí)間的測(cè)定 GB/T 12742 自行車檢測(cè)設(shè)備和器具技術(shù)條件 GB/T 18284快速響應(yīng)矩陣碼 GB/T 18380.12 電纜和光纜在火焰條件下的燃燒試驗(yàn) 第12部分：?jiǎn)胃^緣電線電纜火焰垂直蔓延試驗(yàn) 1 kW預(yù)混合型火焰試驗(yàn)方法 GB/T 18380.22 電纜和光纜在火焰條件下的燃燒試驗(yàn) 第22部分：?jiǎn)胃^緣細(xì)電線電纜火焰垂直蔓延試驗(yàn) 擴(kuò)散型火焰試驗(yàn)方法 GB/T 31887.1—2019 自行車 照明和回復(fù)反射裝置 第1部分：照明和光信號(hào)裝置 GB/T 31887.2 自行車 照明和回復(fù)反射裝置 第2部分：回復(fù)反射裝置 GB 38262—2019客車內(nèi)飾材料的燃燒特性 GB/T 40302 塑料 立式軟薄試樣與小火焰源接觸的燃燒性能測(cè)定 GB 42295—2022 電動(dòng)自行車電氣安全要求 GB 42296 電動(dòng)自行車用充電器安全技術(shù)要求 GB 43854 電動(dòng)自行車用鋰離子蓄電池安全技術(shù)規(guī)范 QB/T 1880 自行車 車架 3術(shù)語、定義和縮略語 3.1術(shù)語和定義 GB/T 3565.1—2022界定的以及下列術(shù)語和定義適用于本文件。 3.1.1 電動(dòng)自行車electric bicycle 以車載電池為能源，實(shí)現(xiàn)電驅(qū)動(dòng)或/和電助力功能的兩輪自行車。 3.1.2 裝配完整的電動(dòng)自行車funny assembled electric bicycle 配備有所必需的全部部件(含電池及使用說明書中明示的所有配件，但不含外置的充電器、頭盔)的電動(dòng)自行車(3.1.1)。 3.1.3 電驅(qū)動(dòng) electric drive 驅(qū)動(dòng)電能來源于車載電池，僅以電動(dòng)機(jī)輸出動(dòng)力的驅(qū)動(dòng)方式。 3.1.4 電助力 electric aid 由人力和電動(dòng)機(jī)的動(dòng)力按輸出比例組成的驅(qū)動(dòng)方式。 3.1.5 生產(chǎn)日期 manufactured date 制造日期 車輛制造完成的日期。 3.1.6 北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng) BeiDou navigation satellite system；BDS 由中國研制建設(shè)和管理的為用戶提供實(shí)時(shí)三維位置、速度和時(shí)間等信息的全球衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)。 注1：本文件中簡(jiǎn)稱北斗。 注2：北斗提供的服務(wù)包括基本導(dǎo)航服務(wù)、短報(bào)文通信服務(wù)、星基增強(qiáng)服務(wù)、國際搜救服務(wù)和精密單點(diǎn)定位服務(wù)等。 [來源：GB/T 39267—2020，2.1.11，有修改] 3.1.7 北斗獨(dú)立定位 BeiDou independent positioning 僅使用北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)，不依賴其他衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航、定位、授時(shí)等功能。 3.2 縮略語 下列縮略語適用于本文件。 PDOP：位置精度因子(Position Dilution of Precision) 4G：第四代移動(dòng)通信技術(shù)(the 4th Generation mobile communication technology) 5G：第五代移動(dòng)通信技術(shù)(the 5th Generation mobile communication technology) 4 通用要求 4.1在正常使用、合理可預(yù)見的誤用以及故障情況下，電動(dòng)自行車應(yīng)不會(huì)發(fā)生危險(xiǎn)。危險(xiǎn)包括但不限于以下情形： a)產(chǎn)生的熱量造成材料變質(zhì)、起火或人員燙傷； b)在充電、行駛、停放等過程中引起燃燒、爆炸、觸電等； c)因整車或部件發(fā)生斷裂、松動(dòng)、變形及運(yùn)動(dòng)干涉等情形而導(dǎo)致的人身傷害。 4.2電動(dòng)自行車的軟件和硬件均應(yīng)具有防篡改設(shè)計(jì)，防止擅自改裝或改動(dòng)最高車速、電機(jī)功率、電壓等。 4.3 除另有規(guī)定外，本文件所用的檢測(cè)設(shè)備和器具應(yīng)符合GB/T 12742等相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的規(guī)定。 檢測(cè)電氣裝置的儀表(耐電壓測(cè)試儀、絕緣電阻測(cè)試儀除外)，其準(zhǔn)確度等級(jí)應(yīng)不低于1級(jí)；直流電源的波紋系數(shù)應(yīng)不大于5％。 試驗(yàn)時(shí)車載電池組的容量應(yīng)不小于其額定容量的90％。 如涉及騎行相關(guān)試驗(yàn)，例如6.1.1、6.1.2、6.1.8等，試驗(yàn)條件為： a)道路試驗(yàn)環(huán)境：溫度為-5℃~35℃，風(fēng)速不大于3 m/s，試驗(yàn)避免在雨、雪天氣時(shí)進(jìn)行； b)試驗(yàn)路面：平坦的瀝青或混凝土路面，路面應(yīng)堅(jiān)硬，無松軟的塵土或礫石，干燥路面與輪胎之間的最小摩擦系數(shù)為0.5； c)車速檢測(cè)設(shè)備：準(zhǔn)確度±2％，分辨率0.1 km/h； d)騎行者的質(zhì)量為75 kg，不足時(shí)配重至75 kg； e)試驗(yàn)車為裝配完整的電動(dòng)自行車； f)輪胎應(yīng)按標(biāo)注在外胎上的最大推薦壓力充足氣，壓力偏差為±10 kPa。 5 整車標(biāo)志 5.1 銘牌 銘牌應(yīng)使用中文標(biāo)明以下信息：產(chǎn)品名稱、型號(hào)、制造商名稱或商標(biāo)、生產(chǎn)日期/制造日期、電池類型等。 注1：產(chǎn)品名稱，如電動(dòng)自行車、電助力自行車等。 注2：電池類型，如鉛酸蓄電池、錳酸鋰電池、磷酸錳鐵鋰電池、磷酸亞鐵鋰電池、鈉離子電池等。 銘牌還應(yīng)標(biāo)明建議使用年限，格式為“本車建議使用年限為×年”。 注3：電動(dòng)自行車建議使用年限由生產(chǎn)企業(yè)在綜合考慮車輛主要零部件及電氣線路使用壽命、老化速度等多種因素基礎(chǔ)上確定。 用于城市物流、商業(yè)租賃等經(jīng)營(yíng)性活動(dòng)的電動(dòng)自行車，應(yīng)在銘牌上標(biāo)注“商用”或字符“商”。 銘牌上標(biāo)明的內(nèi)容應(yīng)規(guī)范、清晰、耐久且易于識(shí)別。 使用一塊蘸有水的棉布擦拭銘牌15 s，然后再用一塊蘸有濃度為75％(體積分?jǐn)?shù))酒精的棉布擦拭15 s。試驗(yàn)后，信息應(yīng)完整、清晰，且不應(yīng)出現(xiàn)卷邊。 5.2 整車編碼 在電動(dòng)自行車車架本體不可分隔的前管或中接頭醒目部位表面，應(yīng)永久性地標(biāo)上每輛電動(dòng)自行車唯一的整車編碼。 注1：車架本體，是指構(gòu)成車架的本體材料，如果編碼刻制在其他材料上再焊接到車架上就不屬于車架本體。 注2：不可分隔部位，如減震車架的后部與前部是可分隔的，此后部即為可分隔部位。 整車編碼采用15位全數(shù)字代碼結(jié)構(gòu)，共有4部分組成，從左至右依次是企業(yè)代碼、車種代碼、生產(chǎn)年份代碼、生產(chǎn)流水號(hào)代碼，見圖1。 生產(chǎn)流水號(hào)代碼 生產(chǎn)年份代碼 車種代碼 企業(yè)代碼 標(biāo)引符號(hào)說明： X1～X4——企業(yè)代碼； X5——車種代碼，用2表示僅具有電驅(qū)動(dòng)功能的電動(dòng)自行車，用3表示僅具有電助力功