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JT/T 1178 consists of two parts under the general title Safety specification for commercial vehicle for cargos transportation:
——Part 1: Goods vehicle;
——Part 2: Towing vehicle and trailer.
This part is Part 2 of JT/T 1178.
This part is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This part was proposed by the Department of Transport Services of the Ministry of Transport.
This part is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Road Transport of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 521).
Safety specification for commercial vehicle for cargos transportation
Part 2: Towing vehicle and trailer
1 Scope
This part of JT/T 1178 specifies the safety technical requirements and test methods for the complete vehicle, brake system, safety protection, mechanical connection, pneumatic and electrical connection, load arrangement identification and fastening point, alarm and prompt for towing vehicle and trailer.
This part is applicable to N2 and N3 towing vehicles, and O3 and O4 trailers and their combination.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB 1589 Limits of dimensions, axle load and masses for motor vehicles, trailers and combination vehicles
GB/T 3730.1 Motor vehicles and trailers—Types—Terms and definitions
GB/T 3730.2 Road vehicle - Masses - Vocabulary and codes
GB 4094 Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales of motor vehicles
GB/T 4606 Road vehicles—50 semi-trailer fifth wheel coupling pin—Basic and mounting/interchangeability dimensions
GB/T 4781 Commercial road vehicles—50mm drawbar eye—Interchangeability
GB 4785 Prescription for installation of the external lighting and light-signalling devices for motor vehicles and their trailers
GB/T 5053.1-2006 Road vehicles—Connectors for the electrical connection of towing and towed vehicles—7-pole connector type 24 N (normal) for vehicles with 24 V nominal supply voltage
GB/T 5922 Motor vehicles and towed vehicles—Pressure test connection for compressed-air pneumatic braking equipment
GB/T 6323-2014 Controllability and Stability Test Procedure for Automobile
GB 7258-2017 Technical specifications for safety of power-driven vehicles operating on roads
GB 11567 Motor vehicles and trailers-lateral and rear underrun protection requirements
GB/T 12534 Motor vehicles—General rules of road test method
GB 12676 Technical requirements and testing methods for commercial vehicle and trailer braking systems
GB/T 13594 Antilock braking performance and test procedure for motor vehicles and their trailers
GB/T 13880 Road vehicles—Fifth wheels—Interchangeability
GB/T 13881 Pneumatic braking connections between motor vehicles and towed vehicles
GB/T 14172 Static roll stability test method for motor vehicles
GB 15084 Motor vehicles—Devices for indirect vision—Requirements of performance and installation
GB/T 15087 Road vehicles—Drawbar couplings and eyes for hinged drawbars—Strength tests
GB/T 15088 Road vehicles—Fifth wheel kingpins —Strength test
GB/T 15089 Classification of power-driven vehicles and trailers
GB/T 17619 Limits and methods of testing for immunity of electrical/electronic sub-assemblies in vehicles to electromagnetic radiation
GB/T 18655 Vehicles boats and internal combustion engines - Radio disturbance characteristics—Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of on-board receivers
GB 19239 Mounting requirements of special equipment for gas vehicle
GB/T 20069 Road vehicle—Fifth wheel couplings strength tests
GB/T 20716.1 Road vehicles—Connectors for the electrical connection of towing and towed vehicles—Part 1: Connectors for braking systems and running gears of vehicles with 24V nominal supply voltage
GB/T 20717 Road vehicles—Connectors for the electrical connection of towing and towed vehicles—15-pole connector for vehicles with 24V nominal supply voltage
GB/T 22309 Road vehicles—Brake linings—Shear test procedure for disc break pad and drum brake shoe assemblies
GB/T 22311 Road vehicles—Brake linings—Compressive strain test method
GB/T 25088 Road vehicles—Connectors for the electrical connection of towing and towed vehicles—7-pole connector type 24S (supplementary) for vehicles with 24 V nominal supply voltage
GB/T 25979 Road vehicles—Heavy commercial vehicle combinations and articulated buses—Lateral stability test methods
GB 25990 Rear-marking plates for vehicles and their trailers
GB 26149 Performance requirements and test methods of tire pressure monitoring system for passenger cars
GB 26511 Front underrun protective requirements for commercial vehicle
GB/T 26774 Technical specification for car carriers
GB/T 26777 Semitrailer landing gears
GB 29753 Safety requirements and test methods for refrigerating van for transporting food and biological products on road
GB/T 31083 Technical requirements of tie-down used in passenger car for road transportation
GB/T 31879 Road vehicles—General technical requirements for fifth wheel
GB/T 32692 Performance test methods for endurance braking systems of commercial vehicles
GB/T 32860 Road vehicles—Interchangeability of drawbar couplings
GB/T 32861 Road vehicles—Location of electrical and pneumatic connections between towing vehicles and trailers
GB/T 33577 Intelligent transportation systems—Forward vehicle collision warning systems—Performance requirements and test procedures
GB/T 35782-2017 Specification for swap trailer transport of road vehicles
GB/T 36883-2018 Technical specification of LNG vehicle
JT/T 230 Rubber belt of electrostatic conductivity
JT/T 389 Specification for van trailers
JT/T 475 Trailer axle
JT/T 719 Limits and measurement methods of fuel consumption for commercial vehicle for cargos transportation
JT/T 794 GNSS system for operating vehicles—Technical specification for vehicle terminals
JT/T 882-2014 Technical requirements of cargo loading-unloading and securement for swap trailer transport
JT/T 883 Commercial vehicle driving dangerous warning system——Technical requirements and test procedures
JT/T 884 Commercial vehicle anti-rolling stability test method—Steady circle test
JT/T 1046 Explosion suppression safety technique requirements for road transportation vehicle fuel tank and liquid fuel transportation tank
JT/T 1094-2016 Safety specifications for commercial bus
JT/T 1178.1-2018 Safety specification for commercial vehicle for cargos transportation –Part 1: Goods vehicle
JT/T 1242-2019 Performance requirements and test procedures for advanced emergency braking system of commercial vehicle
QC/T 200 Performance requirements and test methods of reservoir for air brake equipment of automobile and trailer
QC/T 480 Criterion thresholds and evaluation of controllability and stability for automobiles
ISO 12357-1 Commercial toad vehicles—Drawbar couplings and eyes for rigid drawbars—Part 1:Strength tests for general cargo centre-axle trailers
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 3730.1, GB/T 3730.2, GB 4094, GB/T 6323, GB/T 15089, GB/T 26774 and JT/T 1178.1 as well as the following apply.
3.1
towing vehicle
vehicles used for towing trailers including semi-trailer towing vehicle and towing trucks.
3.2
towing truck
trucks with special devices for towing draw bar trailer and centre-axle trailer.
Note: It is derived from JT/T 719-2016, 3.2.
3.3
centre-axle trailer
trailers where the towing device cannot move vertically (relative to the trailer) and the axle of the trailer is located close to the center of gravity of the trailer (in the case of uniform load). The vertical static load acting on the towing truck shall not exceed 10% or 10,000 N (whichever is smaller) of the maximum design total mass of the trailer.
Note: It is derived from GB/T 3730.1-2001, 2.2.3.
3.4
draw bar trailer
full trailer
trailers with at least two shafts, one of which is rotatable and connected with a towing truck through a draw bar moving in an angular direction; the draw bar can move vertically and is connected to the vehicle without bearing any vertical force.
Note: It is derived from GB/T 3730.1-2001, 2.2.1.
3.5
articulated vehicle
semi-trailer vehicle combination
combination of semi-trailer towing vehicle and semitrailer.
Note: It is derived from GB 7258-2017, 3.4.3.
3.6
centre axle trailer combination
combination of towing truck and centre-axle trailer.
Note: It is derived from GB 7258-2017, 3.4.2.2.
3.7
draw bar trailer combination
combination of towing truck and draw bar trailer.
Note: It is derived from GB 7258-2017, 3.4.2.1.
3.8
tire pressure monitoring system
TPMS
the system consisting of tire pressure monitoring module, receiver module and display module, installed on the vehicle for monitoring tire pressure, temperature, etc. in real time, and displaying and alarming with visual and auditory signals.
Note: It is derived from GB 26149-2017, 3.1.
4 Complete vehicle
4.1 The specific power of the towing vehicle and trailer in a combination state (except battery electric vehicle) shall meet the requirements of Table 1.
Table 1 Specific power limits
Maximum allowable total mass G (kg) G≤18,000 18,000
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Complete vehicle
5 Brake system
6 Safety protection
7 Mechanical connection
8 Pneumatic and electrical connection
9 Load arrangement identification and lashing point
10 Alarm and prompt
11 Transition period for standard implementation
Annex A (Informative) Examples of information nameplates for vehicle interchangeability
Annex B (Normative) Technical requirements and test methods for tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS)
Annex C (Normative) Test method for strength of draw bar coupling mounting bracket and draw bar eye rigid connecting rod of centre axle trailer combination
Annex D (Informative) Drawing and example of load arrangement identification curve
Bibliography
營運貨車安全技術條件
第2部分：牽引車輛與掛車
1 范圍
JT/T 1178的本部分規定了牽引車輛與掛車的整車、制動系統、安全防護、機械連接、氣電連接、載荷布置標識與系固點、報警與提示等安全技術要求和試驗方法。
本部分適用于N2類和N3類的牽引車輛、O3類和O4類的掛車及其組成的汽車列車。
2規范性引用文件
下列文件對于本文件的應用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，僅注日期的版本適用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。
GB 1589 汽車、掛車及汽車列車外廓尺寸、軸荷及質量限值
GB/T 3730.1 汽車和掛車類型的術語和定義
GB/T 3730.2 道路車輛 質量 詞匯和代碼
GB 4094 汽車操縱件、指示器及信號裝置的標志
GB/T 4606 道路車輛 半掛車牽引座50號牽引銷的基本尺寸和安裝、互換性尺寸
GB/T 4781 道路車輛 50毫米牽引桿掛環的互換性
GB 4785 汽車及掛車外部照明和光信號裝置的安裝規定
GB/T 5053.1—2006 道路車輛 牽引車與掛車之間電連接 器7芯24V標準型(24N)
GB/T 5922 汽車和掛車 氣壓制動裝置壓力測試連接器技術要求
GB/T 6323—2014 汽車操縱穩定性試驗方法
GB 7258—2017 機動車運行安全技術條件
GB 11567 汽車及掛車側面和后下部防護要求
GB/T 12534 汽車道路試驗方法通則
GB 12676 商用車輛和掛車制動系統技術要求及試驗方法
GB/T 13594 機動車和掛車防抱制動性能和試驗方法
GB/T 13880 道路車輛 牽引座互換性
GB/T 13881 牽引車與掛車之間氣制動管連接器
GB/T 14172 汽車靜側翻穩定性臺架試驗方法
GB 15084 機動車輛 間接視野裝置 性能和安裝要求
GB/T 15087 道路車輛 牽引車與牽引桿掛車機械連接裝置 強度試驗
GB/T 15088 道路車輛 牽引銷 強度試驗
GB/T 15089 機動車輛及掛車分類
GB/T 17619 機動車電子電器組件的電磁輻射抗擾性限值和測量方法
GB/T 18655 車輛、船和內燃機 無線電騷擾特性用于保護車載接收機的限值和測量方法
GB 19239 燃氣汽車專用裝置的安裝要求
GB/T 20069 道路車輛 牽引座強度試驗
GB/T 20716.1 道路車輛 牽引車和掛車之間的電連接器 第1部分：24V標稱電壓車輛的制動系統和行走系的連接
GB/T 20717 道路車輛 牽引車和掛車之間的電連接器 24V15芯型
GB/T 22309 道路車輛 制動襯片 盤式制動塊總成和鼓式制動蹄總成剪切強度試驗方法
GB/T 22311 道路車輛 制動襯片 壓縮應變試驗方法
GB/T 25088 道路車輛 牽引車和掛車之間的電連接器 24V7芯輔助型(24S)
GB/T 25979 道路車輛 重型商用汽車列車和鉸接客車 橫向穩定性試驗方法
GB 25990 車輛尾部標志板
GB 26149 乘用車輪胎氣壓監測系統的性能要求和試驗方法
GB 26511 商用車前下部防護要求
GB/T 26774 車輛運輸車通用技術條件
GB/T 26777 掛車支撐裝置
GB 29753 道路運輸 食品與生物制品冷藏車 安全要求及試驗方法
GB/T 31083 乘用車公路運輸栓緊帶式固定技術要求
GB/T 31879 道路車輛 牽引座通用技術條件
GB/T 32692 商用車輛緩速制動系統性能試驗方法
GB/T 32860 道路車輛 牽引桿連接器的互換性
GB/T 32861 道路車輛 牽引車與掛車之間的電氣和氣動連接位置
GB/T 33577 智能運輸系統 車輛前向碰撞預警系統 性能要求和測試規程
GB/T 35782—2017 道路甩掛運輸車輛技術條件
GB/T 36883—2018 液化天然氣汽車技術條件
JT/T 230 汽車導靜電橡膠拖地帶
JT/T 389 廂式掛車技術條件
JT/T 475 掛車車軸
JT/T 719 營運貨車燃料消耗量限值及測量方法
JT/T 794 道路運輸車輛衛星定位系統 車載終端技術要求
JT/T 882—2014 道路甩掛運輸貨物裝載與栓固技術要求
JT/T 883 營運車輛行駛危險預警系統 技術要求和試驗方法
JT/T 884 營運車輛抗側翻穩定性試驗方法 穩態圓周試驗
JT/T 1046 道路運輸車輛油箱及液體燃料運輸罐體阻隔防爆安全技術要求
JT/T 1094—2016 營運客車安全技術條件
JT/T 1178.1—2018 營運貨車安全技術條件 第1部分：載貨汽車
JT/T 1242—2019 營運車輛自動緊急制動系統性能要求和測試規程
QC/T 200 汽車和掛車氣壓制動裝置用儲氣筒性能要求及試驗方法
QC/T 480 汽車操縱穩定性指標限值與評價方法
IS0 12357-1 商用道路車輛 剛性牽引桿的連接器和掛環 第1部分：普通貨物中置軸掛車強度試驗(Commercial toad vehicles-Drawbar couplings and eyes for rigid drawbars-Part 1：Strength tests for general cargo centre-axle trailers)
3術語和定義
GB/T 3730.1、GB/T 3730.2、GB 4094、GB/T 6323、GB/T 15089、GB/T 26774和JT/T 1178.1界定的以及下列術語和定義適用于本文件。
3.1
牽引車輛towing vehicle
用于牽引掛車的汽車，包括半掛牽引車和牽引貨車。
3.2
牽引貨車towing truck
具有特殊裝置用于牽引牽引桿掛車、中置軸掛車的貨車。
注：改寫JT/T 719—2016，定義3.2。
3.3
中置軸掛車centre-axle trailer
牽引裝置不能垂直移動(相對于掛車)，車軸位于緊靠掛車重心(當均勻載荷時)的掛車，其作用于牽引貨車的垂直靜載荷，不超過掛車最大設計總質量的10％或10 000N(兩者取較小者)。
注：改寫GB/T 3730.1—2001，定義2.2.3。
3.4
牽引桿掛車draw bar trailer
全掛車
至少有兩根軸的掛車，其中一根軸可轉向，并通過角向移動的牽引桿與牽引貨車連接；牽引桿可垂直移動，連接到車輛上不承受任何垂直力。
注：改寫GB/T 3730.1—2001，定義2.2.1。
3.5
鉸接列車 articulated vehicle
半掛汽車列車
半掛牽引車和半掛車的組合。
注：改寫GB 7258—2017，定義3.4.3。
3.6
中置軸掛車列車centre axle trailer combination
牽引貨車和中置軸掛車的組合。
注：改寫GB 7258—2017，定義3.4.2.2。
3.7
牽引桿掛車列車draw bar trailer combination
牽引貨車和牽引桿掛車的組合。
注：改寫GB 7258—2017，定義3.4.2.1。
3.8
輪胎氣壓監測系統tire pressure monitoring system(TPMS)
胎壓監測系統
由胎壓監測模塊、接收器模塊及顯示模塊等組成，安裝在車輛上能實時監測輪胎氣壓和溫度等參數，并以視覺和聽覺信號進行顯示和報警的系統。
注：改寫GB 26149—2017，定義3.1。
4整車
4.1 牽引車輛與掛車在汽車列車狀態下(純電動汽車除外)的比功率應符合表1的要求。
表1 比功率限值
最大允許總質量G(kg) G≤18 000 18 000
JT/T 1178.2-2019 引用如下標準： |
JT/T 1178.2-2019被如下標準引用：
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