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This standard is revised by SEDIN Engineering Co., Ltd. as organized by the Equipment Design Professional Committee of China Petroleum & Chemical Engineering Survey and Design Association in accordance with the "Notice on Printing the Formulation and Revision Plan of First Batch Professional Standards in 2014" (GONGXINTINGKE [2014], No. 51) issued by the General Office of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the arrangement of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association.
This standard replaces HG 20660-2000 The Grades of Toxicity Harm and Explosion Danger of Chemical in Pressured Vessels from the implementation date hereof.
The standard drafting group has revised this standard through the extensive investigation and study, careful summarization of practical experience, reference to new laws, regulations and relevant standards and codes, and on the basis of widely soliciting for opinions.
The main technical contents of this standard are: general provisions, terms and symbols, basic requirements, classification for hazard of toxicant, classification for hazard of explosive (5 clauses in total) as well as annexes and explanation of provisions.
The following main changes have been made with respect to HG 20660-2000:
① the clause “application scope” is revised and merged into the clause “general provisions”;
② the clause “terms and symbols” is added;
③ the clause "basic requirements" is added;
④ the clause “classification principle” is revised and divided into two clauses, i.e., classification for hazard of toxicant and classification for hazard of explosive. The quantity and content of classified chemical media are added;
⑤ the former Annex A “basis for classification for hazard of toxicant” is deleted;
⑥ the former Attached Table 1 is changed to Annex A “Classification data sheet for hazard of toxicity of chemical mediums”.
⑦ the former Attached Table 2 is changed to Annex B “Data sheet of hazard of explosion in chemical mediums”
This standard is proposed by and under the jurisdiction of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation.
SEDIN Engineering Co., Ltd. is responsible for the explanation of technical contents in this standard. In case of any comment or suggestion during the process of implementing this standard, please send it to or contact SEDIN Engineering Co., Ltd. (Address: No.1, Sedin Road, Jinyang Street, High-tech Zone, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province; post code: 030032; Tel.: 0086-(0)351-4557273, 0086-(0)351-4557275; Fax: 0086-(0)351-7039100).
Chief development organization, participating development organization, chief drafters and chief examiners of this standard:
Chief development organization: SEDIN Engineering Co., Ltd. (formerly the China Second Design Institute of the Ministry of Chemical Industry)
Participating organization: Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention (formerly the Shanghai Chemical Toxicity Testing Institute)
Chief drafters: Zhao Shiping, Jia Xiaodong, Qiao Haixing, Yang Feng, Yang Zaijian, Zhuang Ran and Dou Tingting.
Chief examiners: Liu Bo, Wang Liang, Liu Jixiang, Yang Xiaoxin, Chen Cangshe, Li Jianguo, Wang Bin, Wang Wei, Gu Yuezhang, Pang Jin’e, Wan Wangsheng, Qian Xiaoyan, Yang Junling, Yang Tonglian, Mao Lurong, Hao Wensheng, Chen Wang and Hou Lianxiang.
Contents
Foreword i
1 General provisions 1
2 Terms and symbols 1
2.1 Terms 1
2.2 Symbols 3
3 Basic requirements 3
4 Classification for hazard of toxicant 4
5 Classification for hazard of explosive 14
Annex A Classification data sheet for hazard of toxicity of chemical mediums 34
Annex B Data sheet of hazard of explosion in chemical mediums 69
Explanation of wording in this standard 93
Quoted Standard List 94
Standard for classification on hazards of toxicity and explosion of chemical mediums in pressure vessel
1 General provisions
1.0.1 This standard is specifically formulated to determine the hazards of toxicity and explosion of chemical mediums in pressure vessel for chemical industry.
1.0.2 This standard is applicable to the classification on hazards of toxicity and explosion of chemical mediums (including raw materials, finished products, semi-finished products, intermediates, reactants, reaction byproducts and impurities, etc.) used or stored in in pressure vessel for chemical industry.
1.0.3 This standard is not applicable to the classification on hazards of toxicity and explosion of chemical mediums in the pressure chambers (such as pump casing, compressor casing, turbine casing, hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, etc.) of fluid machinery and the transportable pressure vessels (such as steel cylinder, tanker container, etc.).
1.0.4 In addition to this standard, the classification on hazards of toxicity and explosion of chemical mediums in pressure vessel for chemical industry shall also comply with the current relevant national standards.
2 Terms and symbols
2.1 Terms
2.1.1
pressure vessel
closed equipment containing gas or liquid and bearing a certain pressure
2.1.2
chemical mediums
chemical substances that occur in vessels or pipelines in the form of flow or fluid in chemical processes
2.1.3
toxicity
ability to cause damage to human health and adverse effects on health after exposure to toxitant, which is used to indicate the relationship between toxitant dose and human reaction
2.1.4
toxicant hazardous index
comprehensive expression of occupational exposure to toxitant on the health of workers
2.1.5
explosion
phenomenon for which substance changes, keeps speeding up rapidly and release a large amount of energy in a very short period of time, simultaneously generating light and heat or performing mechanical work on the surroundings; there are two types of explosion: physical and chemical, and it refers to chemical explosion in this standard
2.1.6
explosive limits
concentration range where a mixture of combustible gas/vapor and air/ oxygen can explode when exposed to a fire source; the explosion limit is classified into lower limit and upper limit, wherein, the lowest concentration that can spread the flame is called the lower explosive limit of the gas, while the highest concentration that can spread the flame is called the upper explosive limit of the gas
2.1.7
boiling point
liquid temperature when the saturated vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the external pressure; when the external pressure is atmospheric pressure (101.3kPa), the corresponding liquid boiling point is called the standard boiling point
2.1.8
flashing point
lowest temperature at which the mixture of vapor and air on the surface of combustible liquid can produce flash burn when contacted with fire; flashing point determination of liquid is classified into two types, i.e., open cup (O.C) and closed cup (C.C)
2.1.9
ignition point
temperature at which the mixture of vapor and air on the surface of combustible liquid can produce flame when contacted with fire and can last for 5s; the ignition point of liquid is slightly higher than the flashing point
2.1.10
combustion
process in which substances combine to produce light and heat, generally refers to the exothermic reaction between combustible substances and oxygen accompanied by flame, luminescence and smoke
2.1.11
concentration
used to indicate the composition of a mixture, defined as the amount of a substance in the mixture divided by the amount (volume) of the mixture; also used to indicate the composition of the mixed gas, especially defined as the amount of solute in a solution; generally expressed in percentage when they have the same unit
2.1.12
typical mixture
chemical medium that usually appears with a relatively fixed range of chemical composition, has a relatively uniform name at the same time, and has relatively stable physical and chemical properties data
2.1.13
explosive medium
chemical medium that forms explosive mixture by mixing gas/liquid vapor and mist with air, and its lower explosive limit is less than 10%; or chemical medium of which the difference between upper explosive limit and lower explosive limit is larger than or equal to 20%
2.2 Symbols
LC50——acute toxicity median lethal (inspired) concentration; cm3/m3; mg/m3.
LD50——acute toxicity median lethal (oral and dermal incision) dose; mg/kg.
THI——toxicant hazardous index; obtained by summing the product of partial weight and partial index.
LEL——lower explosive limit; %(vol.).
UEL——upper explosive limit; %(vol.).
Mr——molecular weight.
ppm——parts per million; often used to express medium concentration.
CAS——chemical abstract service; CAS No. (CAS No.) is the retrieval service No. for chemical substances. It can also be used to express as CAN (chemical abstract register number).
3 Basic requirements
3.0.1 The hazards of toxicity and explosion of chemical medium determined in this standard refer to the severity of the damage caused by the contact between medium and human body due to accident leakage or the severity of explosion hazard due to such reason in the working process of pressure vessels. The hazard of toxicity of chemical medium also includes health damage and adverse health effects that may be caused by occupational exposure to taxiants.
3.0.2 The severity of hazard of toxicity and that of hazard of explosion of chemical medium shall be determined respectively. No substitution and superposition effect exists between these two aspects.
3.0.3 Classification on hazards of toxicity and explosion of chemical mediums is not only made for single substance (pure substance), but also for mixture substance.
3.0.4 When the chemical medium is a mixture, for a general mixture, the medium category may be determined according to the component substance with the moderate hazard of toxicity or the greatest hazard of explosion in the mixture; while for a typical mixture, its mediums category should be determined according to the data of the typical mixture.
3.0.5 When the content of a toxicant hazardous and explosive hazardous substance in a chemical medium is lower than the classification index, it should be considered comprehensively according to its specific content and the possible severity of the danger or hazard.
4 Classification for hazard of toxicant
4.0.1 Chemical mediums are classified into four types according to their toxicant hazardous indexes in contact with human body: extreme hazardous mediums (Class I), high hazard mediums (Class II), moderate hazard mediums (Class III) and light hazardous mediums (Class IV). The air environment determined by inhalation index of acute toxicity is limited to 20℃ and 101.3kPa.
4.0.2 See Table 4.0.2 for common extreme hazard mediums in chemical mediums.
Table 4.0.2 Common extreme hazard mediums
S.N. Chinese Name Alias English name Chemical formula Remarks
1 八甲基焦磷酰胺 八甲磷 Schradan [(CH3)2N]2POOPO[N(CH3)2]2
2 苯 Benzene C6H6 G1
3 苯并(α)芘 3，4-苯并芘 Benzo(α)pyren C20H12 G1
4 丙烯醛 烯丙醛 Acrolein CH2=CHCHO Restricted
5 對硫磷 乙基1605 Parathion (C2 H5O)2P(S)OC6H4NO2 Restricted
6 多氯聯苯 氯化聯苯 Poly chlorinated biphenyls C12H10-nCln G1, restricted
7 二甲基亞硝胺 Dimethylnitrosamine (CH3)2NNO
8 二硼烷 乙硼烷 Boroethane,Diborane B2H6
9 1，2-二溴-3-氯丙烷 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloro-propane CH2BrCHBrCH2Cl Prohibited
10 汞 水銀 Mercury Hg
11 光氣 碳酰氯 Phosgene COCl2
12 環氧乙烷 氧化乙烯，噁烷 Ethylene oxide G1
13 甲拌磷 3911 Thimet (C2H5O)2P(S)SCH2SC2H5
14 甲苯二異氰酸酯 TDI Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate CH3C6H3(NCO)2
15 2-甲基苯胺 鄰甲苯胺 2-Toluidine C6H4(CH3)NH2 G1
16 甲醛 蟻醛 Formaldehyde HCHO G1
17 磷化氫 Phosphine PH3
18 芥子氣 雙氯乙基硫 Mustard gas S(CH2CH2Cl)2 G1
19 硫酸 Sulfuric acid H2SO4 G1
20 硫酸二甲酯 硫酸甲酯 Dimethylsulfate (CH3)SO4
21 氯甲基甲醚 甲基氯甲基醚 chloromethyl methyl ether ClCH2OCH3 G1
22 氯甲酸三氯甲酯 雙光氣 Trichloromethyl chloroformate ClCOOCCl3
23 氯乙烯 乙烯基氯 Vinyl chloride CH2=CHCl G1
24 內吸磷 1059 Systox,Demeton (C2H5O)2P(S)OCH2CH2SC2H5 Prohibited
25 三氯乙烯 Trichloroethylene CHCl=CCl2 G1, restricted
26 砷化氫 三氫化砷 Arsine ASH3 G1, restricted
27 四乙基鉛 四乙鉛 Tetraethyl lead Pb(C2H5)4 Restricted
28 羧基鎳 四羧基鎳 Nickel carbonyl Ni(CO)4 G1
29 溴甲烷 甲基溴 Methyl bromide CH3Br
30 乙拌磷 敵死通 Disysto, Disulfoton (C2H6O)2P(S)-S-C2H4-S-C2H5
31 乙撐亞胺 乙烯胺 Ethylenimine NHCH2CH2
32 異氰酸甲酯 Methyl isocynate CH2NCO
Note: "G1" in the remarks column indicates that the substance is a carcinogen in G1 group, i.e. definite human carcinogen; IARC classifies the carcinogenicity of substances into five levels, i.e., G1, G2A, G2B, G3 and G4; "Prohibited" and "Restricted" respectively indicate the substances that are prohibited from use and restricted from use (including trade restrictions) listed by Chinese government.
4.0.3 See Table 4.0.3 for common high hazard ones in chemical mediums.
Table 4.0.3 Common high hazard mediums
S.N. Chinese Name Alias English name Chemical formula Remarks
1 苯胺 Aniline C6H5NH2 Restricted
2 苯酚 石碳酸 Phenol C6H5OH
3 丙烯醇 烯丙醇 Allyl alcohol CH2=CHCH2OH
4 丙烯腈 Acrylonitrile CH2=CH-CN Restricted
5 丙腈 Propionitrile C3H5N
6 丙烯酰胺 Acrylamide Restricted
7 臭氧 Ozone O3
8 敵百蟲 Dipterex (CH3O)2P(O)C(OH)HCCl3
9 敵敵畏 DDVP Dichlorvos (CH3O)2P(O)OCHCCl2
10 碘甲烷 甲基碘 lodomethane CH3I
11 丁胺 Buthylamine C4H9NH2
12 3-丁烯腈 烯丙基腈 Allylcyanide CH2=CHCH2CN
13 2-丁烯醛(順) 巴豆醛 2-Butenal CH2=CHCH2CN
14 2-丁烯醛(反) 巴豆醛 2-Butenal CH2=CHCH2CN
15 二氟化氧 一氧化氟 Oxygen difluoxide OF2
16 1,1-二甲基肼 二甲基肼(不對稱) 1,1-Dimethyl hydrazine (CH3)2NNH2
17 二硫化碳 Carbon disulfide CS2 Restricted
18 1,3-二氯-2-丙醇 1，3-二氯代甘油 1,3-Dichloro-2-propanol (CH2Cl)2CHOH
19 二氯甲烷 甲叉二氯 Dichloromathane CH2Cl2 Restricted
20 二氯乙醚 2,2,-二氯二乙醚 Dichloroethyl ether ClCH2CH2OCH2CH2Cl
21 1,2-二氯乙烷 二氯乙烷(對稱) 1,2-Dichloroethane, sym-Dichloroethane (CH2Cl)2 Restricted
22 1,1-二氯乙烯 偏二氯乙烯 1,1-Dichloroethylene CH2CCl2 Restricted
23 1,2-二溴乙烷 1,2-Dibromoethane CH2BrCH2Br
24 二氧化氮 Nitrogen dioxide NO2
25 二氧化硫 Sulfur dioxide SO2
26 異佛爾酮
二異氰酸酯 IPDI Isophorone disocyanate (CH3)3C6H7(NCO)CH2NCO
27 氟 Fluorine F2
28 氟化氫 氫氟酸 Hydrogen fluoride HF
29 呋喃丹 克百威 Carbofuran C12H15NO3
30 環己胺 六氫化苯胺 Cyclohexylamine C6H11NH2
31 1,2-環氧丙烷 氧化丙烯 1,2-Epoxypropane C3H6O
32 環氧氯丙烷 表氯醇 Epichlorohydrin
33 甲酚 甲苯酚，煤酚 Cresol CH3C6H4OH
34 甲基丙烯酸
環氧丙酯 Glycidyl methacrylate
35 甲基對硫磷 甲基1605 Methyl parathion (CH3O)2P(S)OC6H4NO2 Restricted
36 甲基內吸磷 甲基1059 Demeton methyl (CH3O)2P(S)OCH2CH2SC2H5
37 甲氰菊酯 滅掃利 Fenpropathrin C6H5OC6H4CH(CN)(OC(O)(CH(C(CH3)2)2)
38 肼 聯氨 Hydrazine NH2NH2
39 磷胺 福斯胺 Phosphamidon (CH3O)2OP-O-C(CH2)=CCl-CO-N(C2H5)2 Restricted
40 磷酸三甲苯酯 Tritolyl phosphate (CH3C6H4O)3PO
41 硫化氫 Hydrogen sulfide H2S
42 氯 Chorine Cl2
43 β-氯丙腈 β-Chloropropionitrile ClCH2CH2CN
44 氯丹 八氯化甲橋茚 Chlordane C10H6Cl8 Restricted
45 氯酚(鄰) 2-氯苯酚 o-Chlorophenol ClC6H4OH
46 氯酚(間) 3-氯苯酚 m-Chlorophenol ClC6H4OH
47 氯酚(對) 4-氯苯酚 p-Chlorophenol ClC6H4OH
48 氯化芐 芐基氯，ɑ-氯甲苯 Benzyl chloride C6H5CH2Cl
49 氯化苦 三氯硝基甲烷 Chloropicrin CCL3NO2 Restricted
50 氯化氫 鹽酸 Hydrogen chloride HCl
51 氯化氰 Cyanogen chloride CNCl
52 氯乙醇 Chloroethanol ClCH2CH2OH
53 氯乙酸 一氯醋酸 Chloroacetic acid ClCH2COOH
54 馬拉硫磷 4049 Malathion (CH3O)2P(S)SCH(CH2COOC2H5)COOC2H5
55 尼古丁 煙堿 Nicotine C10H14N2
56 氰 Cyanogen N≡C-C≡N
57 氰化氫 氫氰酸 Hydrogen cyanide HCN
58 三氟化氯 Chlorine trifluoride CIF3
59 三氯化磷 Phosphorus trichloride PCl3
60 三氯甲烷 氯仿 Trichloromathane CHCl3 Restricted
61 三氧化硫 Sulfur trioxide SO3
62 三乙胺 三乙基胺 Triethylamine (CH3CH2)3N
63 三乙基氯化錫 Triethyltin chloride (C2H5)3SnCl
64 三唑磷 Triazophos C12H16N3O3PS
65 殺螟松 速滅蟲 Sumithion (CH3O)2P(S)OC6H3(CH3)NO2
66 十氟化二硫 Disucfur decafluoxide S2F10
67 四氯乙烯 全氯乙烯 Tetrachloroethylene CCl2CCl2 Restricted
68 碳酰氟 氟光氣 Carbonnic difluoride COF2
69 五氯化磷 Phosphorus pentochloride PCl5
70 五硼烷 戊硼烷 Pentaborane B5H9
71 硒化氫 Hydrogen selenide H2Se
72 硝基苯胺(對) p-Nitroaniline O2NC6H4NH2
73 氧樂果 氧樂化果 Omethoate CH3NHCOCH2S-P(O)(OCH3)2
74 氧氯化硒 二氯氧化硒 Selenium oxychloride SeCl2O
75 一氧化碳 Carbon monoxide CO
76 乙苯 乙基苯 Ethylbenzene C6H5CH2CH3
77 乙草胺 禾耐斯 Acetochlor C14H20ClNO2
78 乙酸酐 醋酸酐 Acetic anhydride (CH3CO)2O
79 正丁硫醇 n-Butyl mercaptan C4H9SH
80 正丁醛 丁醛 n-Butyraldehyde CH3(CH2)2CHO
81 正硅酸甲酯 n-methyl silicate Si(OCH3)4
Note: the "restricted" in the remarks column indicates the substance that is restricted from use (including trade restrictions) listed by Chinese government.
4.0.4 See Table 4.0.4 for common moderate hazard ones in chemical mediums.
Foreword i
1 General provisions
2 Terms and symbols
2.1 Terms
2.2 Symbols
3 Basic requirements
4 Classification for hazard of toxicant
5 Classification for hazard of explosive
Annex A Classification data sheet for hazard of toxicity of chemical mediums
Annex B Data sheet of hazard of explosion in chemical mediums
Explanation of wording in this standard
Quoted Standard List
