標準編號:	GB/T 16507.6-2022
中文名稱:	水管鍋爐 第6部分：檢驗、試驗和驗收
英文名稱:	Water-tube boilers—Part 6: Inspection, testing and acceptance
中標分類:	J98    鍋爐及其輔助設備
行業分類:	GB    國家標準
ICS分類:	27.060.30 27.060.30    鍋爐和熱交換器 27.060.30
發布機構:	國家市場監督管理總局 國家標準化管理委員會
發布日期:	2022-03-09
實施日期:	2022-10-1
標準狀態:	valid
替代舊標準:	GB/T 16507.6-2013 水管鍋爐 第6部分：檢驗、試驗和驗收
翻譯語言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符數:	21000 字
翻譯價格(元):	1370.0
交付時間:	付款后 1 個工作日

Water-tube boilers - Part 6: Inspection, testing and acceptance 1 Scope This document specifies the requirements for material inspection, product dimension, forming processing and welding joint appearance inspection, through ball inspection, spectrum inspection, nondestructive testing, mechanical property inspection of product welded joints, hydrostatic test, documents for inspection, end-of-manufacturing data, metal nameplate and mark of pressure elements of water-tube boilers and load-bearing non-pressure elements directly connected with them. This document is applicable to the inspection, testing and acceptance of such pressure elements of water-tube boilers and the load-bearing non-pressure elements directly connected with them as are defined in GB/T 16507.1. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 2652 Tensile test methods on weld and deposited metal GB/T 2900.48 Electrotechnical terminology of boilers GB/T 16507.1 Water-tube boilers - Part 1: General requirements GB/T 16507.5 Water-tube boilers - Part 5: Fabrication JB/T 3375 Rules for receiving acceptance of materials for boiler construction NB/T 47013.2 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipment - Part 2: Radiographic testing NB/T 47013.3 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipment - Part 3: Ultrasonic testing NB/T 47013.4 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipment - Part 4: Magnetic particle testing NB/T 47013.5 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipments - Part 5: Penetrant testing NB/T 47013.10 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipment - Part 10: Ultrasonic time of flight diffraction technique NB/T 47013.11 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipment - Part 11: Standard practice for X-ray digital radiography NB/T 47013.14 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipment - Part 14: X-ray computed radiographic testing NB/T 47013.15 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipment - Part 15: Phased-array ultrasonic testing NB/T 47016 Mechanical property tests of product welded test coupons for pressure equipment AQSIQ [2014] No.114 Special equipment catalogue 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions specified in GB/T 2900.48 and GB/T 16507.1 and the following apply. 3.1 hydrostatic test pressure pressure applied to the boiler system or pressure components (elements) as required in hydrostatic test 4 Material acceptance 4.1 General requirements The boiler fabrication unit shall formulate material procurement standards, and conduct receiving acceptance for steel plate, steel tube, structural steel plate (used for the fabrication of flange and web of main girder), steel strip, section steel (with a height of 250 mm and above, or angle steel with an edge width of 250 mm and above), round steel (used for the fabrication of pull rod and hanger rod with diameter of 40 mm and above), forgings, steel castings, iron castings, welding materials (including welding rods, welding wires, flux-cored wire and welding flux) for boilers as per the requirements of such standards. 4.2 Material quality certificate 4.2.1 The material fabrication unit shall provide the material using unit with the quality certificate, which shall be complete and printed with traceable information identification and stamped with the quality inspection seal of the material fabrication unit. At the same time, clear and firm steel stamp or other signs shall be marked at obvious part of the material. When the boiler material procurement unit obtains boiler materials from a unit other than the material fabrication unit, the original quality certificate provided by the material fabrication unit or the copy stamped with official seal of material operation unit and the signature or seal of the responsible person shall be obtained. 4.2.2 The contents of quality certificate shall meet the requirements of corresponding material standards, and the materials shall be rejected if their quality certificate fails to comply with the standards. 4.2.3 The material using unit shall be responsible for the authenticity and consistency of the boiler materials and material quality certificates obtained. 4.3 Receiving acceptance of materials The boiler fabrication unit shall conduct receiving acceptance for boiler materials according to those specified in JB/T 3375, and only those that pass the acceptance inspection can be used. 4.4 Marking for receiving acceptance and transfer of marks 4.4.1 Materials that pass the receiving acceptance shall be marked as qualified. 4.4.2 Materials that fail to pass the receiving acceptance shall be marked as unqualified and isolated. 4.4.3 The marks of the materials shall be verified during boiler fabrication and shall be transferred in accordance with those specified in GB/T 16507.5. 5 Product dimension, forming process and appearance inspection of welded joints 5.1 The measuring appliances, instruments and meters used for product testing shall be confirmed to be qualified and shall be used within the validity period. The accuracy of measuring appliances and instruments shall meet the corresponding regulations, and their effective range shall be greater than the estimated value of the product to be measured. 5.2 The cold and hot forming and heat treatment during product fabrication shall comply with those specified in GB/T 16507.5, and corresponding records shall be available. 5.3 The finished products shall be tested for their dimensions, and the test results shall comply with those specified in GB/T 16507.5. 5.4 The welded joints of pressure elements (including welded joints between non-pressure element and pressure element) shall be subject to appearance inspection and meet at least the following requirements. a) The overall dimensions of the weld shall meet the requirements of the design drawings and those specified in process documents; ? b) The height of butt weld shall not be lower than the surface of parent metal, and the weld shall smoothly transition with the parent metal, and there shall be no cracks, slag inclusions, arc pits, incomplete fusion and air holes on the surface of weld and heat affected zone; c) The longitudinal and circumferential welds of boiler drum, water storage tank, header or pipe, and the splicing welds of the seal head shall be free from undercut, and the undercut depth of other welds shall not exceed 0.5 mm, and the total length of undercut on both sides of tube welds shall not exceed 20% of the tube circumference and not exceed 40 mm. d) Depth of concavity: not greater than 2 mm. e) Weld flush at the root of start-up (steam-water) separator, water storage tank, header and pipe: not greater than 3 mm. f) Weld reinforcement of butt weld: 1) Boiler drum, start-up (steam-water) separator, water storage tank, header and pipe: not greater than 15%t and not greater than 4 mm; Note: t is the nominal thickness of the plate or tube in case of single-sided welding, and the groove depth of front and back sides in case of double-sided welding. 2) Tube: ≤ 3 mm. g) Connection weld between flat steel and tube: 1) The welding between flat steel and tube shall be continuous without lack of weld; 2) The weld shall be smooth and flat, the transition between the weld and the parent metal shall be smooth, and there shall be no cracks, slag inclusions, arc pits and other defects on the weld surface; 3) The surface of the weld between the flat steel and the tube shall be free from single pores with a diameter greater than 2 mm, and shall be free from dense pores (with more than 3 small holes in a row) or rows of pores (with more than 5 pores in a straight line for any 100 mm of weld);

Foreword i Introduction v 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Material acceptance 5 Product dimension, forming process and appearance inspection of welded joints 6 Through ball inspection 7 Spectrum inspection 8 Nondestructive testing 9 Inspection of mechanical properties of welded joints of products 10 Hydrostatic test 11 Documents for inspection 12 End-of-manufacturing data, product nameplate and marking

水管鍋爐 第6部分：檢驗、試驗和驗收 1 范圍 本文件規定了水管鍋爐受壓元件和與其直接連接的承受載荷的非受壓元件的材料檢驗、產品尺寸、成形加工及焊接接頭外觀檢查、通球檢查、光譜檢驗、無損檢測、產品焊接接頭力學性能檢驗、水壓試驗、檢驗用文件、出廠資料、金屬銘牌和標記要求。 本文件適用于GB／T 16507.1界定的水管鍋爐受壓元件和與其直接連接的承受載荷的非受壓元件的檢驗、試驗和驗收。 2 規范性引用文件 下列文件中的內容通過文中的規范性引用而構成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文件，僅該日期對應的版本適用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。 GB／T 2652 焊縫及熔敷金屬拉伸試驗方法 GB／T 2900.48 電工名詞術語 鍋爐 GB／T 16507.1 水管鍋爐 第1部分：總則 GB／T 16507.5 水管鍋爐 第5部分：制造 JB／T 3375 鍋爐用材料入廠驗收規則 NB／T 47013.2 承壓設備無損檢測 第2部分：射線檢測 NB／T 47013.3 承壓設備無損檢測 第3部分：超聲檢測 NB／T 47013.4 承壓設備無損檢測 第4部分：磁粉檢測 NB／T 47013.5 承壓設備無損檢測 第5部分：滲透檢測 NB／T 47013.10 承壓設備無損檢測 第10部分：衍射時差法超聲檢測 NB／T 47013.11 承壓設備無損檢測 第11部分：X射線數字成像檢測 NB／T 47013.14 承壓設備無損檢測 第14部分：X射線計算機輔助成像檢測 NB／T 47013.15 承壓設備無損檢測 第15部分：相控陣超聲檢測 NB／T 47016 承壓設備產品焊接試件的力學性能檢驗 特種設備目錄(國家質量監督檢驗檢疫總局 2014年第114號) 3 術語和定義 GB／T 2900.48和GB／T 16507.1界定的以及下列術語和定義適用于本文件。 3.1 水壓試驗壓力 hydrostatic test pressure 在水壓試驗時，按規定對鍋爐系統或受壓部件(元件)施加的壓力。 4 材料驗收 4.1 一般要求 鍋爐制造單位應制定材料采購標準并按其規定對鍋爐用鋼板、鍋爐用鋼管、結構鋼板(用于制造大板梁的翼板和腹板)和鋼帶、型鋼(高度250 mm及以上、或角鋼邊寬度250 mm及以上)、圓鋼(用于制造拉桿和直徑40 mm及以上的吊桿)、鍛件、鑄鋼件、鑄鐵件、焊接材料(包括焊條、焊絲、藥芯焊絲和焊劑)等進行入廠驗收。 4.2 材料質量證明 4.2.1 材料制造單位應向材料使用單位提供質量證明書，質量證明書內容應齊全，并且印制可追溯的信息化標識，加蓋材料制造單位質量檢驗章，并與實物相符，同時在材料的明顯部位做出清晰、牢固的鋼印標志或其他標志。鍋爐材料采購單位從非材料制造單位取得鍋爐用材料時，應取得材料制造單位提供的質量證明書原件或加蓋了材料經營單位公章和經辦負責人簽字(章)的復印件。 4.2.2 質量證明書內容應符合相應材料標準的要求，質量證明書不符合標準規定的材料應予以拒收。 4.2.3 材料使用單位應對所取得的鍋爐用材料及材料質量證明書的真實性和一致性負責。 4.3 材料入廠驗收 鍋爐制造單位應按照JB／T 3375的規定對鍋爐用材料進行入廠驗收，合格后才能使用。 4.4 入廠驗收標識及標記移植 4.4.1 入廠驗收合格的材料應有合格標識。 4.4.2 入廠驗收不合格材料應有不合格標識，并予以隔離。 4.4.3 鍋爐制造過程中應核實材料標記，并應按GB／T 16507.5的規定進行材料標記移植。 5 產品尺寸、成形加工及焊接接頭外觀檢查 5.1 產品檢測所用測量器具、儀器儀表應經確認合格，并應在確認有效期內使用。測量器具、儀器儀表的精度應符合相應規定，其有效量程應大于被測產品的檢測值。 5.2 產品制作過程中的冷、熱加工成形、熱處理應符合GB／T16507.5的規定，應有相應的記錄。 5.3 制作完工的產品應進行相應的尺寸檢測，檢測結果應符合GB／T16507.5的規定。 5.4 壓元件焊接接頭(包括非受壓元件與受壓元件焊接的接頭)應進行外觀檢查，至少滿足以下要求。 a) 焊縫外形尺寸應符合設計圖樣和工藝文件的要求。 b) 對接焊縫高度不應低于母材表面，焊縫與母材應平滑過渡，焊縫和熱影響區表面無裂紋、夾渣、弧坑、未熔合和氣孔。 c) 鍋筒、啟動(汽水)分離器、儲水箱、集箱或管道的縱、環縫及封頭的拼接焊縫無咬邊，其余焊縫咬邊深度不大于0.5 mm，管子焊縫兩側咬邊總長度不大于管子周長的20%，且不大于40 mm。 d) 內凹深度：不大于2 mm。 e) 啟動(汽水)分離器、儲水箱、集箱、管道的根部凸出：不大于3 mm。 f) 對接焊縫余高： 1) 鍋筒、啟動(汽水)分離器、儲水箱、集箱、管道：不大于15%t且不大于4 mm； 注：單面焊時，t為板材或管材的名義厚度；雙面焊時，t為正、反面的坡口深度。 2) 管子：不大于3 mm。 g) 扁鋼與管子的連接焊縫： 1) 扁鋼與管子的焊接應連續，不應有漏焊； 2) 焊縫成形應光滑、平整，焊縫與母材之間應圓滑過渡，焊縫表面不應有裂縫、夾渣、弧坑等缺陷； 3) 扁鋼與管子之間的焊縫表面不應有直徑大于2 mm的單個氣孔，同時也不應存在密集性氣孔(3個以上小孔連成一片)或成排氣孔(任意100 mm焊縫直線范圍內氣孔數多 于5個)； 4) 焊縫咬邊深度在管子側不應大于0.5 mm，咬邊總長度不大于管子長度的25%，且連續長度不超過500 mm；扁鋼側咬邊深度不大于0.8 mm； 5) 扁鋼與管子焊接時不應燒穿管子，如有燒穿，則該部位應用相同材料、相同規格的管子替換，且替換長度不應小于300 mm； 6) 扁鋼與管子焊接的熔深應符合GB／T 16507.5的規定。 6 通球檢查 6.1 公稱外徑不大于60 mm的受熱面管子的對接接頭或彎管應進行通球檢查，通球應采用鋼球，通球直徑(db)按表1或表2的規定。 表1 對接接頭通球直徑 單位為毫米 注：d——管子的公稱內徑，單位為毫米(mm)。 表2 彎管通球直徑 單位為毫米 R／D R／D＜1.0 1.0≤R／D＜1.4 1.4≤R／D＜1.8 1.8≤R／D＜2.5 2.5≤R／D＜3.5 R／D≥3.5 db d≥0.65d ≥0.70d ≥0.75d ≥0.80d ≥0.85d ≥0.90d 注：R——管子彎曲半徑，單位為毫米(mm)； D——管子的公稱外徑，單位為毫米(mm)； d——管子的公稱內徑，單位為毫米(mm)。 6.2 既有彎頭又有對接接頭的管子，通球直徑應是按表1和表2規定選取結果中的較小值。 6.3 通球用鋼球的制造直徑偏差為－0.2 mm，即實際選用鋼球直徑可比通球直徑小0.2 mm。 6.4 內螺紋管通球時，應按內螺紋管標準中給出的最小內徑選取通球用鋼球，若選用不是內螺紋管標準規定的管子規格或未規定最小內徑時，則最小內徑為管子的公稱外徑減去2倍管子公稱壁厚與螺紋高度之和，即：d＝D－2×(管子公稱壁厚+螺紋高度)。 6.5 若按6.1～6.4的規定通球遇阻，則按管子實測最小內徑選取鋼球進行通球。 6.6 為保證管子內部清潔度而進行的通球檢查可采用海綿球，試驗用壓縮空氣的壓力約0.4 MPa。 7 光譜檢驗 合金鋼管(管件)對接接頭焊縫和母材應進行100%的化學成分光譜分析驗證，并出具光譜分析檢驗報告。 8 無損檢測 8.1 無損檢測基本方法 無損檢測方法主要包括射線(RT)、超聲(UT)、磁粉(MT)、滲透(PT)、渦流(ET)等檢測方法。射線檢測方法(RT)包括膠片射線檢測(F-RT)、數字成像檢測(DR)、計算機輔助成像檢測(CR)。超聲檢測方法(UT)包括脈沖回波法超聲檢測(PE)、相控陣超聲檢測(PAUT)和衍射時差法超聲檢測(TOFD)。制造單位應根據設計、工藝及其相關技術條件選擇檢測方法，并制定相應的檢測工藝。 當選用衍射時差法超聲檢測(TOFD)時，應與脈沖回波法超聲檢測(PE)組合進行檢測，檢測結論以TOFD與PE方法的結果進行綜合判定。 8.2 無損檢測人員 無損檢測人員應按照相關技術規范進行考核，取得資格證書后方可從事相應方法和技術等級的無損檢測工作。 8.3 采用多種無損檢測的合格條件 鍋爐受壓部件如采用多種無損檢測方法進行檢測，則應按各自驗收標準進行評定，均合格后，方可認為無損檢測合格。 8.4 檢測記錄 制造單位應如實填寫無損檢測記錄，正確簽發無損檢測報告，妥善保管無損檢測的操作指導書、原始記錄、報告、檢測部位圖、射線底片、光盤或電子文檔等資料(含缺陷返修記錄)，其保存期限不少于7年。