GB 50253-2014 Code for design of oil transportation pipeline engineering
1 General provisions
1.0.1 This code is formulated with a view to implementing the relevant national laws and regulations in the design of oil transportation pipeline engineering, unifying technical requirements, and ensuring safety, reliability, environmental protection, energy efficiency, technical advancement, and economic reasonableness.
1.0.2 This code is applicable to design for new construction, extension, and renovation of pipelines for crude oil, products, and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
1.0.3 The interface division between oil transportation pipeline engineering and related upstream and downstream enterprises/facilities shall comply with the provisions of Annex A to this code.
1.0.4 The design parameters for oil transportation pipeline engineering shall be reasonably selected and optimized by drawing on pipeline construction and operation experience, as well as incorporating advanced scientific and technological achievements from home and abroad.
1.0.5 In addition to the requirements of this code, the design of oil transportation pipeline engineering shall also meet the requirements of relevant current standards of China.
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2 Terms
2.0.1 oil transportation pipeline engineering
construction engineering for the transportation of crude oil, products, and liquefied petroleum gas by pipelines, generally including oil pipelines, oil transportation stations, and auxiliary facilities
2.0.2 oil pipeline system
collective term for various types of oil transportation stations, pipelines, and related facilities
2.0.3 oil transportation station
collective term for various process stations in oil transportation pipeline engineering
2.0.4 initial station
starting point of the oil transportation pipeline
2.0.5 terminal
endpoint of the oil transportation pipeline
2.0.6 intermediate station
collective term for various stations between the initial station and the terminal
2.0.7 intermediate heating and pumping station
oil transportation station between the initial station and the terminal, primarily with heating and pressurizing facilities
2.0.8 intermediate pumping station
oil transportation station between the initial station and the terminal, primarily with pressurizing facilities
2.0.9 intermediate heating station
oil transportation station between the initial station and the terminal, primarily with heating facilities
2.0.10 injection station
station that injects oil from other sources into the pipeline at a certain location
2.0.11 distributing station
station set along the oil transportation pipeline to distribute oil to users
2.0.12 pressure-reducing station
oil transportation station equipped with pressure-reducing facilities to lower the internal pressure of the pipeline due to large elevation differences
2.0.13 pipeline block valve
valves set along the pipeline to segment the pipeline
2.0.14 crude oil
liquid phase part of oil extracted
2.0.15 products
commercial oils ranging from light oils (C5 and higher) to heavy oils produced from crude oil
2.0.16 liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
liquid petroleum products mainly composed of propane and butane, generally including commercial propane, butane, and mixtures of commercial propane and butane
2.0.17 batch transportation
method of sequentially transporting various crude oils or petroleum products through the same pipeline
2.0.18 operating pressure
pressure of the medium within a system under steady-state operating conditions
2.0.19 operating temperature
temperature of the medium within a system under steady-state operating conditions
2.0.20 maximum steady state operating pressure (MSOP)
maximum pressure of the medium under the steady-state operating conditions of the liquids within the pipeline
2.0.21 pipeline internal design pressure
internal pressure used in design calculations or analysis of the oil pipeline system within the design temperature range
2.0.22 surge pressure
surge refers to the pressure change within the pipeline caused by a sudden change in fluid velocity, and this pressure amplitude is referred to as surge pressure
2.0.23 hydrostatic pressure
pressure exerted vertically on the inner wall of the pipeline and pipe accessories due to gravity when the fluid within the pipeline is in a static state
2.0.24 elastic bending
bending deformation within the elastic limit range of the pipeline due to external forces or its own weight
2.0.25 pipe fittings
collective term for various special-shaped connecting components of the pipeline, such as elbows, bends, tees, reducers, and end caps
2.0.26 pipe accessories
collective term for special pipeline components such as pipe fittings, valves and their assemblies, flanges, insulating flanges, insulating joints, and pig launchers/receivers
2.0.27 cold bends
bends formed by bending pipes to the required angle without heating using molds
2.0.28 hot bends
bends formed by bending pipes to the required angle after heating on bending machines
2.0.29 pipe nominal wall thickness
wall thickness listed in the steel pipe standards
2.0.30 parallel pipelines
pipelines laid adjacent to each other at a certain distance
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3 Transportation processes
3.1 General requirements
3.1.1 The number of operating days per year shall be calculated as 350 days when calculating the oil transportation volume for the design of oil transportation pipeline engineering.
3.1.2 The design transportation volume of the pipeline shall be determined based on that specified in the design commission or design contract, ensuring that the minimum design transportation volume meets the requirements for safety and economy, and the transport conditions.
3.1.3 Closed transportation processes should be adopted for oil transportation pipelines. If other transportation processes are adopted, a technical and economic demonstration shall be conducted, and their feasibility and necessity shall be explained.
3.1.4 Batch transportation process should be adopted when the pipeline is used to transport multiple types of oils. If a dedicated pipeline transportation process is adopted, a technical and economic demonstration shall be conducted.
3.1.5 The transportation process plan shall be determined by comparing various combinations of process plans based on the pipeline's internal design pressure, diameter, transportation method, number of oil transportation stations, and batches of oils subjected to batch transportation.
3.1.6 The design calculation of the transportation process shall include hydraulic and thermal calculations, steady-state and transient hydraulic analyses, and control methods for transient flow processes during transport.
1 General provisions
2 Terms
3 Transportation processes
3.1 General requirements
3.2 Transportation process of crude oil pipeline
3.3 Transportation process of products pipeline
3.4 Transportation process of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) pipeline
4 Pipeline engineering
4.1 Pipeline route selection
4.2 Laying
4.3 External corrosion control and thermal insulation
4.4 Pipeline block valve
4.5 Anchoring
4.6 Marking
4.7 Hydraulic protection for pipelines
5 Design for pipelines, pipe accessories and supporting elements
5.1 Load and force
5.2 Allowable stress
5.3 Materials
5.4 Calculation of pipe wall thickness and structure design of pipe accessories
5.5 Calculation of pipeline strength
5.6 Stiffness and stability of pipeline
6 Oil transportation station
6.1 Site selection and general layout
6.2 Process of station
6.3 Process and equipment of crude oil pipeline station
6.4 Process and equipment of products pipeline stations
6.5 Process and equipment of LPG pipeline stations
6.6 Corrosion prevention and thermal insulation for pipelines and equipment in the station
6.7 Power supply and distribution of the station
6.8 Water supply, drainage and fire protection of the station
6.9 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning
6.10 Instrument and control system
7 Monitoring system of pipelines
7.1 General
7.2 Control center and computer system
7.3 Station control system
8 Telecommunication
9 Welding, inspection, and pressure test of pipeline
9.1 Welding and inspection
9.2 Pressure test
Annex A Interface division between oil transportation pipeline engineering and related upstream and downstream enterprises and facilities
Annex B Testing items for general physical properties of crude oil
Annex C Testing items for rheological properties of crude oil
Annex D Calculation of the hydraulic friction coefficient, λ
Annex E Calculation of the fiction along pipe sections transporting power-law fluids
Annex F Strength design factor of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) pipelines
Annex G Butt-welded joints connecting two pipe ends with unequal wall thickness
Annex H Flexibility coefficient and stress intensification factor
Annex J Calculation of radial deformation of steel pipes
Annex K Calculation of the critical axial force and bending radius for a buried oil transportation pipeline at initial instability
Explanation of wording in this code
List of quoted standards
