Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1 For the purpose of strengthening railway freight loading reinforcement and wagon full loading operation, and ensuring the railway transportation safety, the Rules are formulated according to Railway Law of the People's Republic of China, Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China, Regulation on Protecting the Railway Transport Safety, Regulations of Railway Freight Traffic and other laws and regulations concerned.
Article 2 The Rules are applicable to standard-gauge national railways, joint venture railways, local railways, special railways and special rail lines, servicing as the fundamental basis for railway freight loading reinforcement and wagon full loading operation. The carriers, consignors and consignees shall abide by the Rules.
Article 3 Freight loading reinforcement and wagon full loading operation, which are highly technical, constitute an important part of railway transportation. The major objectives are ensuring the integrity of goods and driving safety of wagons; making full use of the loading capacity and cubic capacity of wagon; transporting the goods in safe, rapid, reasonable and economical way.
Article 4 The basic technical requirements for freight loading reinforcement: the goods are distributed in the wagon uniformly, stably and reasonably, without overload, offset load, uneven weight or concentrated weight; able to bear various forces generated during normal shunting operation and train running; no movement, rolling, overturning, collapse or falling occur in transit.
Article 5 Railway bureaus (including professional transport companies, the same below) shall pay high attention to freight loading reinforcement and wagon full loading operation, assign specific personnel to take charge, actively employ advanced, mature, economical, applicable and reliable technology and equipment, continuously update and improve the technical management measures, and raise the quality of freight loading reinforcement and wagon full loading operation.
The railway bureau and its subordinate freight stations shall establish loading reinforcement technology leading team and working system. The responsibilities of the leading team include review, declaration and implementation of freight loading reinforcement scheme of its department; organizing the implementation of scheme-based loading, signing-confirmation system on loading quality and wagon full loading measures; guidance, supervision and inspection of relevant technical services.
The joint venture railways, local railways, special railways and special rail lines enterprises shall carry out loading reinforcement as specified in the Rules.
Article 6 The loading entities shall establish sound loading post responsibility system, adhere to the principle of "strict loading and departure" and abide by the loading reinforcement scheme.
For important goods, loading quality signing-confirmation system applies. The railway bureau shall develop loading quality signing-confirmation measures within its jurisdiction and report for record.
Article 7 For freight loading reinforcement methods, loading reinforcement materials and devices that are not specified in the Rules, trial transportation shall be organized by the consignor jointly with the carrier under the premise of safety. The requirements for trial transportation shall be subject to Chapter IV hereof.
Article 8 The freight loading reinforcement materials and devices shall be provided by the consignor, with their technical performance in compliance with the relevant requirements of national standard, professional standard and the Rules, as well as the relevant technical specifications released by the Ministry of Railways.
As for patent-involved freight loading reinforcement materials and devices, the protection, use and transfer of patent, as well as dispute settlement shall strictly comply with Patent Law of the People's Republic of China and other regulations concerned. The consignor shall not use any freight loading reinforcement material or device with patent infringement identified by patent administrative department or judged by the people's court.
Chapter II Basic Technical Provisions
Article 9 Prior to loading, correct vehicle shall be selected in compliance with Wagon Use Restrictions (see attached Table 1) and the relevant requirements. Without the approval of Transport Bureau of MOR, the goods loaded in any type of wagon shall not go beyond the corresponding design scope.
The technical parameters of wagon are released by the Transport Bureau of MOR. See the appendix for the general technical parameters for open wagon, flatcar and long and big wagon. In case of any discrepancy between the technical parameters marked on the wagon body and those in the appendix, the technical parameters on wagon shall prevail. The wagon manufacture and overhaul units shall guarantee the accuracy of technical parameters marked on the wagon body.
It is prohibited to use any open wagon, flatcar or long and big wagon that are not in the list published by the Transport Bureau of MOR or with incomplete technical parameters.
Article 10 Where flatcar with end and side plates are used to load goods that protrude the car floor in length or width, the end and side plates may be laid down and the goods are bound firmly with the car body using galvanized iron wire or clamped using iron lock.
When the flatcar marked with "closed" is running, the end plate shall be upright and closed. Under special circumstances, the car is allowed to run with the end plate laid down, provided that the device for stopping buffer action is installed; or where the end plate of one flatcar is lifted reliably, the end plate of its adjacent flatcar may be laid down during running.
Article 11 After loading, the general gravity center of goods shall be projected at the cross point of longitudinal and horizontal center lines. If deviation is inevitable, the lateral deviation value shall not exceed 100mm; in case of longitudinal deviation, the goods weight on each bogie shall not exceed one half of the allowable loading capacity of wagon, and the load difference between two bogies shall not be greater than 10t.
Article 12 If the center height of gravity for wagon loaded is more than 2000mm from the rail surface, the wagon shall run at limited speed as specified in Table 2-1. In this case, the loading station shall send message to the railway bureau to ask for instruction and the bureau shall give instruction via telegram. In case of trans-bureau transportation, it shall copy to all railway bureaus involved and Article 31 hereof shall be met.
Table 2-1
Center height of gravity for wagon loaded H
(mm) Section speed limit
(km/h) Speed limit for passing through lateral turnout (km/h)
2000
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Basic Technical Provisions
Chapter III Special Regulations
Section I Out-of-gauge and Lengthy Goods
Section II Timber and Bamboo
Section III Wheel and Crawler Type Goods and Cylindrical and Spherical Goods
Section IV Metal Materials and Articles
Section V Prestressed Beam
Chapter IV Scheme Management
Chapter V Full-loading Operation
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Attached Tables
Table 1 Use Limitations of Wagon
Table 2 Allowable Loading Capacity When Partial Floor of Flatcar Bears Uniformly Distributed Load or Symmetrical Concentrated Load
Table 3 Allowable Loading Capacity When Partial Floor of Well Car Bears Uniformly Distributed Load or Symmetrical Concentrated Load
Table 4 Allowable Loading Capacity When Long and Large Flatcar Partially Bears Uniformly Distributed Load or Symmetrical Concentrated Load
Table 5 Allowable Loading Capacity When Uniformly Distributed Load is Borne between Two Sleeper Beams of 60t and 61t Open Wagons
Table 6 Allowable Loading Capacity When Symmetrical Concentrated Load is Borne between Two Sleeper Beams of 60t and 61t Open Wagons
Table 7 Allowable Loading Capacity When uniformly distributed load is Borne Between Two Sleeper Beams of C70 and C70H Open Wagons
Table 8 Allowable Loading Capacity When Symmetrical Concentrated Load is Borne Between Two Sleeper Beams of C70 and C70H Open Wagons
Annexes
Annex 1 Railway Freight Loading Reinforcement and Formalization Scheme
Annex 2 Common Calculation Formulae for Railway Freight Loading Reinforcement
Annex 3 Goods Loading Gauge Diagram
Annex 4 List of Loading Limitation in Specific Sections
Annex 5 Common Loading Reinforcement Materials and Device
Annex 6 Trial Scheme and Materials for Railway Freight Loading Reinforcement
Appendix Technical Parameter Tables for Open Wagon, Flatcar and Long and Big Wagon
第一章 總 則
第一條 為加強鐵路貨物裝載加固和貨車滿載工作，確保鐵路運輸安全，依據《中華人民共和國鐵路法》、《中華人民共和國安全生產法》、《鐵路運輸安全保護條例》和《鐵路貨物運輸規程》等法律法規、規章，制定本規則。
第二條 本規則適用于標準軌距的國家鐵路、合資鐵路、地方鐵路和專用鐵路、鐵路專用線，是鐵路貨物裝載加固和貨車滿載工作的基本依據。承運人、托運人和收貨人均應遵守本規則。
第三條 貨物裝載加固和貨車滿載工作技術性強，是鐵路運輸工作的重要組成部分。其主要任務是：保證貨物、貨車的完整和行車安全，充分利用貨車載重力和容積，安全、迅速、合理、經濟地運輸貨物。
第四條 貨物裝載加固的基本技術要求是：使貨物均衡、穩定、合理地分布在貨車上，不超載，不偏載，不偏重，不集重；能夠經受正常調車作業以及列車運行中所產生各種力的作用，在運輸全過程中，不發生移動、滾動、傾覆、倒塌或墜落等情況。
第五條 鐵路局（含專業運輸公司，下同）要高度重視貨物裝載加固和貨車滿載工作，配備專人負責，積極運用先進、成熟、經濟、適用、可靠的技術和設備，不斷改進和完善技術管理手段，提高貨物裝載加固和貨車滿載工作質量。
鐵路局及其直屬貨運站段應成立裝載加固技術領導小組，建立工作制度。裝載加固技術領導小組具體負責本部門貨物裝載加固方案的審核、申報、實施工作，組織落實按方案裝車、裝車質量簽認制度和貨車滿載措施，以及有關技術業務指導、監督、檢查工作。
合資鐵路、地方鐵路和專用鐵路、鐵路專用線企業應按本規則規定做好裝載加固有關工作。
第六條 各裝車單位應建立健全裝車崗位責任制，堅持裝車從嚴、發站從嚴的原則，嚴格按裝載加固方案裝車。
重點貨物實行裝車質量簽認制度，鐵路局應制定管內裝車質量簽認辦法，并報部備案。
第七條 本規則未規定的貨物裝載加固方法、裝載加固材料及裝置，應由托運人會同承運人，在安全運輸的前提下組織試運。試運的有關要求按本規則第四章辦理。
第八條 貨物裝載加固材料及裝置由托運人自備，其技術性能應符合國家標準、行業標準和本規則有關要求，以及鐵道部公布的有關技術條件。
涉及專利權的貨物裝載加固材料及裝置，其專利保護、使用、轉讓及糾紛處理等應嚴格遵守《中華人民共和國專利法》和相關規定。托運人不得使用經專利管理部門認定或人民法院判決侵犯專利權的貨物裝載加固材料及裝置。
第二章 基本技術條件
第九條 裝車前應正確選擇車輛，遵守貨車使用限制表（見附表1）及有關規定。未經鐵道部運輸局批準，各類貨車裝載的貨物不得超出貨車的設計用途范圍。
貨車的技術參數由鐵道部運輸局公布，常用敞車、平車、長大貨物車技術參數參見附錄。凡貨車車體上的標記技術參數與附錄不一致時，以車體上的標記技術參數為準。貨車制造、檢修單位應確保貨車車體上涂打的標記技術參數的準確性。
凡未經鐵道部運輸局公布的，技術參數不全的敞車、平車及長大貨物車，一律不得使用。
第十條 使用有端、側板的平車裝載長度或寬度超出車地板的貨物，可將端、側板放下，同時用鍍鋅鐵線將其與車體捆綁牢固或用鎖鐵卡緊。
涂打“ ”的平車在運行時，端板應處于立起關閉狀態。特殊情況下，在安裝車鉤緩沖停止器后允許將端板放倒運行；或將兩平車相鄰端的一輛平車的端板采取可靠吊起措施后，可將另一輛平車的端板放倒運行。
第十一條 裝車后貨物總重心的投影應位于貨車縱、橫中心線的交叉點上。必須偏離時，橫向偏離量不得超過100mm；縱向偏離時，每個車輛轉向架所承受的貨物重量不得超過貨車容許載重量的二分之一，且兩轉向架承受重量之差不得大于10t。
第十二條 重車重心高度從鋼軌面起，超過2000mm時應按表2-1的規定限速運行。限速運行時，由裝車站以文電向鐵路局請示，鐵路局以電報批示，跨局運輸則應同時抄給有關鐵路局，并符合本規則第三十一條的規定。
表2-1
重車重心高度H
（mm） 區間限速
（km/h） 通過側向道岔限速（km/h）
2000
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