Foreword
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GB/T 16453 consists of the following six parts under the general title Comprehensive control of soil and water conservation - Technical specification:
——GB/T 16453.1-2008 Comprehensive control of soil and water conservation - Technical specification - Technique for erosion control of slope land;
——GB/T 16453.2-2008 Comprehensive control of soil and water conservation - Technical specification - Technique for erosion control of waste land;
——GB/T 16453.3-2008 Comprehensive control of soil and water conservation - Technical specification - Technique for erosion control of gullies;
——GB/T 16453.4-2008 Comprehensive control of soil and water conservation - Technical specification - Small engineering of store, drainage and draw water;
——GB/T 16453.5-2008 Comprehensive control of soil and water conservation - Technical specification - Technique for erosion control of wind erosion;
——GB/T 16453.6-2008 Comprehensive control of soil and water conservation - Technical specification - Technique for erosion control of collapse hill.
This part replaces GB/T 16453.5-1996 Regulation of techniques for comprehensive control of soil erosion - Technique for control of wind erosion.
The following changes have been made with respect to GB/T 16453.5-1996:
a) the forest belt width and other relevant data in control of wind erosion are reviewed;
b) 5.2.1.1 in the former standard is deleted; “tree species that are resistant to salt-alkali and water immersion shall be selected for afforestation along coastal and lakeside areas” is added.
This part was proposed by the Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China.
This part is under the jurisdiction of the Department of International Cooperation, Science and Technology, MWR.
The previous edition of this part is as follows:
——GB/T 16453.5-1996.
Introduction
GB/T 16453.5-1996 has been implemented for more than ten years, and has played an important guiding role in comprehensive control of soil and water conservation. With the development of social economy and the change of rural industrial structure in China, the content and nature of soil and water conservation work have also undergone profound changes. In order to adapt to the soil and water conservation work under the new situation and further standardize the technical specifications for comprehensive control of soil and water conservation, the standard was revised according to the unified arrangement of the Department of International Cooperation, Science and Technology and the Department of Soil and Water Conservation, MWR.
Comprehensive control of soil and water conservation - Technical specification - Technique for erosion control of wind erosion
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 16453 specifies the technical requirements for planning, design, construction and management of various measures for erosion control in wind-eroded areas.
This part is applicable to wind-eroded areas in China.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this part of GB/T 16453, constitute provisions of this part. For dated references, subsequent amendments (excluding corrections) to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply to this part. However parties to agreements based on this part are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB 6000 Tree seedling quality grading of major species for afforestation
GB/T 16453.2 Comprehensive control of soil and water conservation - Technical specification - Technique for erosion control of waste land
LY 1000 Technical regulations of containerized seedlings
3 Control measures
3.1 In the southern edge of the sandy desertification region in northern China, priority shall be given to wind prevention and sand fixation, and comprehensive measures such as protecting the sand fixation by sand barriers of farmland, roads and towns, creating wind prevention and sand fixation forest belts and sand fixation grass belts, water diversion for flushing sand dune and adopting farming techniques to prevent wind erosion
shall be taken.
3.2 In the ancient river sandy land in the Yellow River flood area, the wind gap shall be controlled first, the wind source shall be blocked, and measures such as turning over silt for pressing sand and afforestation for sand fixation shall be taken to transform the sandy land into an orchard or farmland.
3.3 In coastal wind-sand damage areas, belts, nets and patches shall be combined to build a comprehensive protection system based on coastal windbreak belts.
4 Sand barrier for sand fixation
4.1 Arrangement method and key areas of sand barriers
4.1.1 Sand barriers are firewood, branches and stems of active sand plants or other materials laid flat or vertically on the ground of wind-eroded sand dunes, so as to increase the roughness of the ground, weaken the wind speed in the surface layer, fix the sand grains on the ground, and slow down and stop the shifting of sand dunes.
4.1.2 In key areas where sand barriers are adopted, for shifting sand dunes and semi-shifting sand dunes, sand barriers shall be adopted to fix sand first to prevent sand dunes from shifting, and then wind prevention and sand fixation forest belts and farmland shelterbelts shall be constructed.
4.2 Classification of sand barriers
4.2.1 Classification by ground distribution
4.2.1.1 Strip sand barriers: sand barriers that are distributed in strips on the ground with the strip direction perpendicular to the main wind direction.
4.2.1.2 Checkerboard (or mesh) sand barriers: sand barriers that are distributed in a checkerboard or mesh shape on the ground, which are mainly used in places where the wind direction is unstable and strong lateral wind appears besides the main wind direction.
4.2.2 Classification by different materials
4.2.2.1 Firewood sand barriers: sand barriers which are mainly made of firewood or crop straws.
4.2.2.2 Clay sand barriers: sand barriers of clay ridges used to press the sand in a few places where the sand layer is shallow or there are alkali beaches near sand dunes.
4.2.2.3 Sand barriers made of pebbles or other materials (e.g. branches and stems of active sand plants).
4.2.3 Classification by the angle between firewood and ground
4.2.3.1 Flat sand barriers: sand barriers with the firewood horizontally flat on the ground which are overlaid with branches and sandy soil or fixed with small wooden stakes.
4.2.3.2 Vertical sand barriers: sand barriers with the firewood laid vertically, partially buried in the sand and partially exposed to the ground.
Foreword i
Introduction iii
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Control measures
4 Sand barrier for sand fixation
5 Afforestation for sand fixation
6 Grass planting for sand fixation
7 Water diversion for flushing sand dune
8 Tillage measures to prevent wind erosion
