Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB 9656-2003 Safety glazing materials for road vehicles. In addition to editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB 9656-2003:
——Terms and definitions have been added (see Clause 3);
——The content of rigid plastic glazing pane has been added (see 3.8, 4.1, 5.1.1, 5.3.3.3, 5.4.2, 5.4.3, 5.5.1, 5.5.4, 5.5.6, 6.3.1, 6.3.3, 6.5.3, Annex B);
——The requirements for head-up display windscreen have been added (see 3.12, 5.3.1, 5.3.3.1 and 6.2.1);
——The general for test methods has been added (see 6.1);
——The requirements for resistance-to-abrasion test methods of thick laminated safety glass have been added (see 6.5.1);
——The content of safety glazing faced with plastic material has been added (see Clause 2, 3.9, 4.1, 5.1.2, 5.4.2, 5.4.3, 5.5.1, 5.5.3, 5.5.7, 6.4.2, 6.4.3, 6.5.1, 6.5.3 and Annex B);
——The classification has been modified (see Clause 4 herein and Clause 3 in 2003 edition);
——The division of test areas of windscreen has been modified (see Annex A hereto and Annex A to 2003 edition);
——The description on non-inspection areas has been modified (see 5.2.2 and 5.2.3 herein and 5.3 and 5.4 in 2003 edition);
——The requirements for sample status after impact resistance of laminated safety glass other than windscreen have been modified (see 5.3.3.3 herein and 5.12.2 in 2003 edition);
——The requirements for resistance to fire flame have been modified (see 5.4.2 herein and 5.15 in 2003 edition);
——The classification of main technical requirements and general technical requirements has been deleted (see 4.2 in 2003 edition);
——The requirements for color recognition have been deleted (5.5 and 7.5 in 2003 edition);
——The content related to tempered safety glass in areas has been deleted (see 3.1, 3.2.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.10, 5.13, 7.13.1 and note in 8.3.1.6 in 2003 edition);
——The head form impact test with test piece as sample of laminated safety glass and glass-plastic safety glazing material other than windscreen has been deleted (see 5.10.2 in 2003 edition);
——The general technical requirements have been deleted (see Clause 6 in 2003 edition);
——The inspection rules have been deleted (see Clause 8 in 2003 edition);
——The content of packaging, marking, transportation and storage has been deleted (see Clause 9 in 2003 edition);
——All content related to the quantity and determination of inspected samples in 7.2~7.14 of the original standard have been merged into Annex B.
This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China.
The previous editions of this standard are as follow:
——GB 9656-1988, GB 9656-1996 and GB 9656-2003.
Safety technical specification for glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, classification, technical requirements, test methods and judgment rules for the safety characteristics of glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles.
This standard is applicable to glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles, including Categories M, N and O vehicles, Category L vehicles with cab, and special vehicles for agriculture and forestry.
This standard is not applicable to glazing materials used for lighting and signaling devices and instrument panels of power-driven vehicles.
Note: See GB/T 15089 for classification of Categories L, M, N and O vehicles.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 5137.1 Test methods of safety glazing materials used on road vehicles — Part 1: Mechanical properties tests
GB/T 5137.2 Test methods of safety glazing materials used on road vehicles — Part 2: Optical properties tests
GB/T 5137.3 Test methods of safety glazing materials used on road vehicles — Part 3: Radiation, high temperature, humidity, fire and simulated weathering resistance tests
GB/T 5137.5 Test methods of safety glazing materials used on road vehicles — Part 5: Resistant-to-chemical and resistant-to-temperature changes test
GB/T 31849-2015 Film mounted motor vehicle glass
QC/T 1119-2019 Road vehicles — Safety glazing materials-Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in QC/T 1119-2019 and the following apply. For the convenience of application, some terms and definitions specified in QC/T 1119-2019 are re-listed below.
3.1
power-driven vehicle
power unit-driven or towed wheeled vehicle which, running on roads, is intended for carrying passengers or goods or for undertaking special jobs
3.2
safety glazing material
glazing material consisting of organic and/or inorganic materials so constructed or treated to minimize the likelihood of injury to persons as a result of contact with these safety glazing materials when used in a vehicle, and which complies with specified requirements for visibility, strength, and durability
[QB/T 1119-2019, Definition 2.1.1]
3.3
glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles
safety glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles for providing field of view and lighting, separating compartment space or fulfilling other functions for driver and passengers
3.4
tempered safety glass
glazing material consisting of a single layer of glass which has been subjected to special treatment to increase its mechanical strength and/or to condition its fragmentation after shattering
[QB/T 1119-2019, Definition 2.1.4]
3.5
laminated safety glass
glazing material consisting of two or more layers of glass held together by one or more interlayers
[QB/T 1119-2019, Definition 2.1.5]
3.6
glass-plastic safety glazing material
composite glazing material that consists of one or more layers of inorganic materials and organic materials, and the side facing passengers is made of organic materials
[QB/T 1119-2019, Definition 2.1.2]
3.7
insulating safety glazing unit
glazing unit that is any combination of tempered safety glass, laminated safety glass and glass-plastic safety glazing material, and is evenly separated by spacer bars, with the periphery well adhered and sealed
3.8
rigid plastic glazing pane
organic polymer material that can keep the structural rigidity within the intended range of use
[QB/T 1119-2019, Definition 2.1.3.1]
3.9
safety glazing faced with plastic material
glass made by sticking plastic film on the inner surface of tempered safety glass, laminated safety glass or insulating safety glazing unit consisting of tempered safety glass and/or laminated safety glass
3.10
windscreen
glazing in front of the vehicle through which the driver views the road ahead
[QB/T 1119-2019, Definition 2.2.1]
3.11
glass panes other than windscreen
glass in any part other than the windscreen
Note: glass panes other than windscreen include but not limited to skylight, side window, rear window, compartment partition or partition window, window panes of double-decker bus located in all parts of the upper compartment, and upper window panes of single-decker bus at the forefront not intended for providing visual field for the driver
3.12
head-up display windscreen
HUD windscreen
windscreen that can provide an image of information content in front of the driver through the optical system
[QB/T 119-2019, Definition 2.1.9]
3.13
driver’s vision area
area on the glass panes that enable the driver to fully observe the devices for indirect vision required by GB 15084 and obtain the required vision, if necessary
3.14
head injury criteria
HIC
characteristic value representing the degree of skull injury, which is generally evaluated by simulating the vertical impact of blunt object on safety glazing material
[QB/T 1119-2019, Definition 2.5.8]
3.15
R point
design point specified by the vehicle manufacturer for each seating position
3.16
centerline of vehicle
straight line on the top plan of the vehicle that meets the following requirements:
a) For vehicles with more than four wheels, a vertical bisector passing through the connecting line of the design center point of the left and right front wheels and the rear wheels respectively;
b) For three-wheeled vehicles, a straight line connecting the center points of the line connecting the design center point of the left and right rear (front) wheels and the design center point of the front (rear) wheels;
c) For vehicles with tracks, a straight line equidistant from the centerline of the left and right tracks.
3.17
median plane of vehicle
vertical plane containing the centerline of vehicle
3.18
X axis
axis that passes through the driver's seat R point and is parallel to the median plane of vehicle in the horizontal plane where the R point is located, consisting of +X as the rear direction of the vehicle and -X as the front direction
3.19
Y axis
axis that passes through the driver's seat R point and is vertical to X axis in the horizontal plane where the R point is located, consisting of +Y as the right driving direction of the vehicle and -Y as the left driving direction
3.20
Z axis
axis that passes through the driver's seat R point and is vertical to X axis and Y axis in the vertical plane where the R point is located, consisting of +Z as the upward direction of the vehicle and -Z as the downward direction
4 Classification
4.1 Glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles are classified into laminated safety glass, tempered safety glass, insulating safety glazing unit, glass-plastic safety glazing material, rigid plastic glazing pane and safety glazing faced with plastic material by production and processing technology and/or material.
4.2 Glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles are classified into windscreen and glass panes other than windscreen by application part.
5 Technical requirements
5.1 General
5.1.1 Laminated safety glass, glass-plastic safety glazing material and tempered safety glass are applicable to any part of power-driven vehicles. When tempered safety glass is used for windscreen, it is only applicable to vehicles with design speed of less than 40 km/h; insulating safety glazing unit and rigid plastic glazing pane are applicable to any part other than windscreen.
5.1.2 Laminated safety glass, tempered safety glass or insulating safety glazing unit used for substrate of safety glazing faced with plastic material shall meet the corresponding clauses of this standard.
5.1.3 The safety technical requirements for glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles include safety requirements for field of view, strength, damage and environmental durability.
5.2 Safety requirements for field of view
5.2.1 Luminous transmittance
5.2.1.1 The luminous transmittance of windscreen shall meet those specified in Table 1. The luminous transmittance of glass panes other than windscreen for the driver's division area shall not be less than 70%.
5.2.1.2 The luminous transmittance of glass panes other than windscreen (except for the driver's vision area) of interurban buses, touring buses, buses with passenger standing areas, school buses and passenger cars with middle engine and aspect ratio of 0.9 or less shall not be less than 50%.
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Classification
5 Technical requirements
5.1 General
5.2 Safety requirements for field of view
5.2.1 Luminous transmittance
5.2.2 Secondary image separation
5.2.3 Optical distortion
5.3 Safety requirements for strength
5.3.1 Performance of head form impact
5.3.2 Penetration resistance
5.3.3 Impact resistance
5.4 Safety requirements for damage
5.4.1 Fragmentation
5.4.2 Resistance to fire flame
5.4.3 Resistance to chemical reagents
5.5 Safety requirements for environmental durability
5.5.1 Resistance to abrasion
5.5.2 High temperature resistance
5.5.3 Resistance to radiation
5.5.4 Resistance to humidity
5.5.5 Resistance to temperature change
5.5.6 Simulated weathering resistance
5.5.7 Volatile organic compounds
6 Test methods
6.1 General
6.2 Safety performance test with respect to field of view
6.2.1 Luminous transmittance
6.2.2 Optical distortion
6.2.3 Secondary image separation
6.3 Safety performance test with respect to strength
6.3.1 Performance of head form impact
6.3.2 Penetration resistance
6.3.3 Impact resistance
6.4 Safety performance test with respect to damage
6.4.1 Fragmentation
6.4.2 Resistance to fire flame
6.4.3 Resistance to chemical reagents
6.5 Safety performance test with respect to environmental durability
6.5.1 Resistance to abrasion
6.5.2 High temperature resistance
6.5.3 Resistance to radiation
6.5.4 Resistance to humidity
6.5.5 Resistance to temperature change
6.5.6 Simulated weathering resistance
6.5.7 Volatile organic compounds
7 Judgment rules
7.1 Judgment for single item
7.2 Comprehensive judgment
Annex A (Normative) Determination of windscreen test area
Annex B (normative) Single item judgment rules for inspection items
Bibliography
機動車玻璃安全技術規范
1 范圍
本標準規定了機動車玻璃安全特性相關的術語和定義、分類、技術要求、試驗方法及判定規則。
本標準適用于包括M類、N類、O類、有駕駛室的L類車輛、農業和林業專用車在內的機動車用玻璃。
本標準不適用于機動車照明和信號裝置及儀表盤用玻璃。
注：L類、M類、N類、O類車輛分類見GB/T 15089。
2 規范性引用文件
下列文件對于本文件的應用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，僅注日期的版本適用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。
GB/T 5137.1 汽車安全玻璃試驗方法 第1部分：力學性能試驗
GB/T 5137.2 汽車安全玻璃試驗方法 第2部分：光學性能試驗
GB/T 5137.3 汽車安全玻璃試驗方法 第3部分：耐輻照、高溫、潮濕、燃燒和耐模擬氣候試驗
GB/T 5137.5 汽車安全玻璃試驗方法 第5部分：耐化學侵蝕性和耐溫度變化性試驗
GB/T 31849—2015 汽車貼膜玻璃
QC/T 1119—2019 汽車安全玻璃術語
3 術語和定義
QC/T 1119—2019界定的以及下列術語和定義適用于本文件。為了便于使用，以下重復列出了QC/T 1119—2019中的某些術語和定義。
3.1
機動車 power-driven vehicle
以動力裝置驅動或者牽引，上道路行駛的供人員乘坐或者用于運送物品以及進行工程專項作業的輪式車輛。
3.2
安全玻璃 safety glazing material
用于車輛上，由無機材料和/或有機材料經處理或復合而成的透明材料。能有效減少人員傷害的可能性，并具有一定的視野、強度和耐久性。
[QC/T 1119—2019，定義2.1.1]
3.3
機動車玻璃 glazing materials used in power driven vehicles
安裝在機動車上用于為駕駛員和乘員提供觀察視野、采光、分隔車廂空間或其他功能用安全玻璃。
3.4
鋼化安全玻璃tempered safety glass
由單層玻璃通過特殊熱處理，增加其機械強度，且破碎后能夠控制其碎片狀態的安全玻璃。
[QC/T 1119—2019，定義2.1.4]
3.5
夾層安全玻璃 laminated safety glass
兩層或者多層玻璃用一層或者多層中間層膠合而成的安全玻璃。
[QC/T 1119—2019，定義2.1.5]
3.6
塑玻復合材料 glass-plastic safety glazing material
由一層或多層無機材料與一層或多層有機材料復合而成，且安裝后其面向乘客的一面為有機材料。
[QC/T 1119—2019，定義2.1.2]
3.7
安全中空玻璃 insulating safety glazing unit
由鋼化安全玻璃、夾層安全玻璃和塑玻復合材料任意組合并以間隔條均勻隔開，并且周邊粘接密封的玻璃組合件。
3.8
剛性塑料玻璃 rigid plastic glazing pane
在預期使用范圍內保持其結構剛度的有機聚合物材料。
[QC/T 1119—2019，定義2.1.3.1]
3.9
貼膜玻璃 safety glazing faced with plastic material
在鋼化安全玻璃、夾層安全玻璃或由鋼化安全玻璃和/或夾層安全玻璃組成的安全中空玻璃內表面粘貼塑料膜制得的玻璃。
3.10
前風窗玻璃 windscreen
機動車前部為駕駛員提供清晰視野的安全玻璃。
[QC/T 1119—2019，定義2.2.1]
3.11
前風窗以外玻璃 glass panes other than windscreen
除前風窗玻璃之外的任何部位的玻璃。
注：包括但不限于天窗、側窗、后窗、車廂內隔斷或分隔窗、雙層客車位于上層車廂的所有部位的窗玻璃、單層客車最前部不提供駕駛員視野的上部窗玻璃等。
3.12
抬頭顯示風窗玻璃 head-up display windscreen
H.U.D玻璃
能夠將信息內容通過光學系統成像于駕駛員前方的前風窗玻璃。
[QC/T 119—2019，定義2.1.9]
3.13
駕駛員視區部位 driver’s vision area
必要時，能夠使駕駛員完整觀察到GB 15084要求的間接視野裝置，并獲得符合要求的視野的玻璃上的區域。
3.14
頭部傷害指數 head injury criteria
HIC
表征顱骨傷害程度的特征值，一般用模擬鈍器垂直沖擊安全玻璃的方法來評價。
[QC/T 1119—2019，定義2.5.8]
3.15
R點 R point
由車輛制造商為每一乘坐位置規定的設計點。
3.16
車輛中心線 centerline of vehicle
車輛俯視平面圖上符合下列要求的直線：
a) 對四輪以上的車輛，通過左右前車輪及后車輪各自的設計中心點連接線的垂直平分線；
b) 對三輪車輛，連接左右后(前)車輪的設計巾心點的線的中點和前(后)輪設計中心點的直線；
c) 對有履帶的車輛，與左右履帶中心線等距離的直線。
3.17
車輛中心面 median plane of vehicle
包含車輛中心線的垂直面。
3.18
X軸 X axis
通過駕駛員座位R點，且在R點所在的水平面，與車輛中心面平行的軸。＋X為車輛的后方向，－X為車輛的前方向。
3.19
Y軸 Y axis
通過駕駛員座位R點，且在R點所在的水平面，與X軸垂直的軸。＋Y為車輛行駛方向的右側，－Y為車輛行駛方向的左側。
3.20
Z軸 Z axis
通過駕駛員座位R點，且在R點所在的垂直面，與X軸及Y軸垂直的軸。＋Z為車輛的上方向，－Z為車輛的下方向。
4 分類
4.1 按生產加工工藝和/或材料，機動車玻璃分為夾層安全玻璃、鋼化安全玻璃、安全中空玻璃、塑玻復合材料、剛性塑料玻璃和貼膜玻璃。
4.2 按應用部位，機動車玻璃分為前風窗玻璃和前風窗以外玻璃。
5 技術要求
5.1 總則
5.1.1 夾層安全玻璃、塑玻復合材料和鋼化安全玻璃適用于機動車的任何部位，當鋼化安全玻璃用于前風窗時，只適用于設計時速低于40km/h的車輛；安全中空玻璃和剛性塑料玻璃適用于前風窗以外任何部位。
5.1.2 用于貼膜玻璃基片的夾層安全玻璃、鋼化安全玻璃或安全中空玻璃應符合本標準相應條款的規定。
5.1.3 機動車玻璃安全技術要求包括視野安全要求、強度安全要求、破壞安全要求和環境耐久性安全要求。
5.2 視野安全要求
5.2.1 可見光透射比
5.2.1.1 前風窗玻璃的可見光透射比應符合表1的規定。前風窗以外玻璃用于駕駛員視區部位的可見光透射比應不小于70％。
5.2.1.2 公路客車、旅游客車、設有乘客站立區的客車、校車和發動機中置且寬高比小于或等于0.9的乘用車的前風窗以外玻璃(駕駛員視區部位除外)的可見光透射比應不小于50％。
表1 前風窗玻璃的可見光透射比要求
車輛種類 試驗區a 可見光透射比
M1和N1 Bb 法70％
N類和M類中M1以外 I
L類、O類和農業和林業專用車 I′
a 試驗區的確定見附錄A，對于N1類車輛，由供需雙方商定采用試驗區I或試驗區B。
b 黑邊區域除外。
5.2.2 副像偏離
5.2.2.1 前風窗玻璃的副像偏離應符合表2的規定。車窗洞口向內100mm區域進入Ⅰ區或擴展后的A區的部分，副像偏離最大值應不大于25′。
5.2.2.2 車窗洞口向內或黑邊內邊緣向內25mm區域不做檢查，該區域不能進入Ⅰ區或擴展后的A區；對于在中心部位有分隔柱的前風窗玻璃，鄰接分隔柱的35mm區域不做檢查。
5.2.3 光畸變
5.2.3.1 前風窗玻璃的光畸變應符合表3的規定。車窗洞口向內100mm區域進入Ⅰ區或擴展后的A區的部分，光畸變最大值應不大于6′。
5.2.3.2 車窗洞口向內或黑邊內邊緣向內25mm區域不做檢查，該區域不能進入Ⅰ區或擴展后的A區；對于在中心部位有分隔柱的前風窗玻璃，鄰接分隔柱的35mm區域不做檢查。
表3 前風窗玻璃的光畸變要求
車輛種類 試驗區a 光畸變最大值
M1和N1 擴展后的A 2′
縮減后的B 6′
N類和M類中M1以外 I 2′
L類、O類和農業和林業專用車 I′ 2′
a 試驗區的確定見附錄A，對于N1類車輛，由供需雙方商定采用試驗區I或擴展后的A及縮減后的B。
5.3 強度安全要求
5.3.1 人頭模型沖擊性能
5.3.1.1 對于前風窗用夾層安全玻璃和塑玻復合材料、前風窗以外用安全中空玻璃和剛性塑料玻璃，試驗后試樣應符合表4的規定。
5.3.1.2 前風窗玻璃厚度大于或等于7mm時，不需進行人頭模型沖擊試驗。對于抬頭顯示風窗玻璃制品，以最薄公稱厚度為準。
5.3.1.3 對于剛性塑料玻璃，當制品面積小于200cm2且外接圓半徑小于7.5cm時，不需進行人頭模型沖擊試驗。
表4 人頭模型沖擊后要求
種類 沖擊后的試樣狀態
夾層安全玻璃 a) 試樣應破壞，并以沖擊點為中心產生許多環狀和放射狀裂紋，離沖擊點最近的環狀裂紋的半徑應不大于80mm；
b) 在試樣沖擊側不應有面積大于20cm2的中間層裸露，在沖擊面以沖擊點為中心的60mm直徑圓外，允許有寬度小于4mm的碎片剝離；
c) 中間層的裂口長度應小于35mm
塑玻復合材料 a) 玻璃層應破壞，并以沖擊點為中心產生許多環狀和放射狀裂紋，離沖擊點最近的環狀裂紋的半徑應不大于80mm；
b) 中間層的裂口長度應小于35mm
安全中空玻璃 a) 由兩層鋼化安全玻璃構成時，兩層鋼化安全玻璃均應破壞。
b) 由夾層安全玻璃和/或塑玻復合材料構成時應滿足以下要求：
1) 兩層構件均應破裂，并以沖擊點為中心產生許多圓形裂紋；
2) 中間層允許撕裂，但人頭模型不應穿透試樣；
3) 無大碎片剝離。
c) 由一層鋼化安全玻璃和一層夾層安全玻璃或塑玻復合材料所構成時應滿足以下要求：
1) 鋼化安全玻璃應破碎；
2) 夾層安全玻璃或塑玻復合材料應破裂，并以沖擊點為中心產生許多圓形裂紋；
3) 中間層允許撕裂，但人頭模型不應穿透試樣；
4) 無大碎片剝離
剛性塑料玻璃 a) 沖擊體不應穿透試樣，試樣不應破碎成分離的幾塊；
b) HIC值應小于1000
5.3.2 抗穿透性能
對于前風窗用夾層安全玻璃和塑玻復合材料，沖擊后5s內鋼球不應穿透試樣。
5.3.3 抗沖擊性能
5.3.3.1 對于前風窗用夾層安全玻璃，沖擊后試樣應符合下列規定。
a) 鋼球不應穿透試樣。
b) 試樣不應斷成分離的幾塊。
c) 沖擊面反側剝落碎片的總質量應符合表5的規定。對于抬頭顯示風窗玻璃，沖擊面反側剝落碎片的總質量應符合制品最薄處公稱厚度在表5中所對應的碎片質量要求。
表5 沖擊面反側允許剝落碎片質量要求
公稱厚度t/mm 碎片質量/g
T≤4.5 ≤12
4.5＜t≤5.5 ≤15
5.5＜t≤6.5 ≤20
t＞6.5 ≤25
5.3.3.2對于前風窗用塑玻復合材料及鋼化安全玻璃，沖擊后試樣應符合表6的規定。
表6 前風窗用塑玻復合材料及鋼化安全玻璃的抗沖擊性要求
種類 沖擊后的試樣狀態
塑玻復合材料 a) 沖擊后試樣可以產生裂紋或裂縫；
b) 鋼球不應穿透試樣；
c) 試樣不應斷成幾塊
鋼化安全玻璃 試樣不應破壞
5.3.3.3 對于前風窗以外玻璃，沖擊后試樣應符合表7的規定。
表7 前風窗以外玻璃的抗沖擊性要求
種類 沖擊后的試樣狀態
夾層安全玻璃 a) 鋼球不應穿透試樣。
b) 試樣不應斷裂成幾塊。
c) 在沖擊點反側正對著沖擊點的部位，玻璃剝落的面積應小于645mn2，且該區域的中間層表面應被牢固粘接的玻璃細小碎片所覆蓋。沖擊試樣兩側玻璃剝落的總面積應不大于1935mm2
塑玻復合材料剛性塑料玻璃 a) 沖擊后試樣可以產生裂紋或裂縫；
b) 鋼球不應穿透試樣；
c) 試樣不應斷裂成幾塊
鋼化安全玻璃 試樣不應破壞
5.4 破壞安全要求
5.4.1 碎片狀態
鋼化安全玻璃碎片狀態應符合下列a)～c)的規定。試樣邊緣20mm范圍內以及以沖擊點為圓心、以75mm為半徑的圓內為非評價區。除去非評價區后，如果試樣的評價區內不能完整包含50mm×50mm的正方形評價框時，碎片狀態應符合下列b)和c)的規定。
a) 在任一50mm×50mm的正方形內的碎片數應不少于40塊。
b) 不應有超過3cm2的碎片。
c) 不應有長度超過100mm的長條碎片。對于長度不大于100mm的長條碎片，其端部不應是尖角狀。當長條碎片的一端進入試樣邊緣20mm范圍時，該碎片或其延長線與邊緣形成的角度應不大于45°。
5.4.2 耐燃燒性能
塑玻復合材料、剛性塑料玻璃和貼膜玻璃的燃燒結果及要求見表8。
表8 燃燒結果及要求
燃燒結果 要求
A—0mm/min 允許
B 允許
C—燃燒速度實測值(mm/min) 燃燒速度實測值≤70
D—燃燒速度實測值(mm/min) 燃燒速度實測值≤70
E 不允許
5.4.3 耐化學侵蝕性能
5.4.3.1 對于塑玻復合材料和貼膜玻璃，試驗后試樣不應出現軟化、膠粘、龜裂或其他可視缺陷。
5.4.3.2 對于剛性塑料玻璃，試驗后試樣不應出現軟化、膠粘、龜裂或其他可視缺陷。對于用于駕駛員視區部位剛性塑料玻璃，侵蝕后需進行劃格試驗，劃格試驗切割值等級應為Gt1或Gt0。
5.5 環境耐久性安全要求
5.5.1 抗磨性能
抗磨性能應符合表9的規定。
表9 抗磨性能要求
種類 應用部位 試驗面 因磨耗而引起的霧度差值
夾層安全玻璃 前風窗及駕駛員視區部位 外表面 ≤2％
塑玻復合材料 前風窗及駕駛員 視區部位 外表面(玻璃面) ≤2％
內表面(塑料面) ≤4％
剛性塑料玻璃 駕駛員視區部位 外表面 ≤2％
內表面 ≤4％
貼膜玻璃 前風窗及駕駛員視區部位(內貼膜) 內表面 ≤4％
5.5.2 耐熱性能
對于夾層安全玻璃和塑玻復合材料，試驗后試樣允許有裂口存在，但超出原邊15mm、新切邊25mm或超出裂口10mm的部分不應產生氣泡或其他可視缺陷。
5.5.3 耐輻照性能
5.5.3.1 對于前風窗及駕駛員視區部位用貼膜玻璃，試驗后試樣除應符合GB/T 31849—2015中5.10的規定外，還應符合5.2.1的規定。
5.5.3.2 對于前風窗及駕駛員視區部位用夾層安全玻璃和塑玻復合材料，試驗后試樣應同時符合下列a)和b)的規定；對于其他部位用夾層安全玻璃和塑玻復合材料，試驗后試樣應符合b)的規定：
a) 試驗后可見光透射比與試驗前可見光透射比的比值應不小于95％，且試驗后的可見光透射比應不小于70％；
b) 不應有變色、出泡、脫膠、渾濁或其他可視缺陷。
5.5.4 耐濕性能
試驗后，試樣應符合表10的規定。
表10 耐濕性能試驗
材料種類 試驗后試樣狀態
夾層安全玻璃塑玻復合材料 超出原邊10mm或新切邊15mm的部分不應有變色、出泡、渾濁或其他可視缺陷
剛性塑料玻璃 對于駕駛員視區部位用剛性塑料玻璃，應同時符合下列a)～c)的規定，對于其他部位用剛性 塑料玻璃應同時符合下列b)和c)的規定：
a) 試驗后可見光透射比與試驗前可見光透射比的比值應不小于95％，且試驗后的可見光透射比應不小于70％。
b) 不應有出泡、渾濁或其他可視缺陷。
c) 耐濕老化后的試樣進行常溫沖擊試驗。試驗后試樣可以產生裂紋或裂縫，但鋼球不應穿透，且試樣不應斷裂成分離的幾塊
5.5.5 耐溫度變化性能
塑玻復合材料試驗后，試樣不應有裂紋、渾濁、脫膠或其他顯著變化。
5.5.6 耐模擬氣候性能
對于駕駛員視區部位用剛性塑料玻璃應同時符合下列a)～c)的要求；對于其他部位用剛性塑料玻璃應符合c)的要求：
a) 試驗后可見光透射比與試驗前可見光透射比的比值應不小于95％，且試驗后的可見光透射比應不小于70％；
b) 劃格試驗切割值等級應至少為Gt1或Gt0；
c) 不應出現氣泡、分解、渾濁、顯著變色或其他可視缺陷。
5.5.7 揮發性有機物
貼膜玻璃的膜的揮發性有機物含量應不大于0.05mg/cm2。
6 試驗方法
6.1 總則
如果檢驗項目對試樣性能不產生影響，則該試樣可以用來繼續進行其他項目的試驗。當用特制試驗片進行試驗時，試驗片應是與制品同厚度、同材料、在同一工藝條件下生產出來的。
6.2 視野安全性能試驗
6.2.1 可見光透射比
按GB/T 5137.2規定的方法進行試驗。以制品為試樣時，測量試驗區較平部位；對于抬頭顯示風窗玻璃制品，測量試驗區較平、較厚部位。
6.2.2 光畸變
按GB/T 5137.2規定的方法進行試驗。當車窗洞口的位置不能在前風窗玻璃表面明示時，以前風窗玻璃邊緣為準。
6.2.3 副像偏離
按GB/T 5137.2規定的方法進行試驗。當車窗洞口的位置不能在前風窗玻璃表面明示時，以前風窗玻璃邊緣為準。
6.3 強度安全性能試驗
6.3.1 人頭模型沖擊性能
按GB/T 5137.1規定的方法進行試驗。對夾層安全玻璃、塑玻復合材料及安全中空玻璃進行無減速測定的人頭模型沖擊試驗，對剛性塑料玻璃進行帶減速測定的人頭模型沖擊試驗。
6.3.2 抗穿透性能
按GB/T 5137.1規定的方法進行試驗。
6.3.3 抗沖擊性能
按GB/T 5137.1規定的方法進行試驗。其中，剛性塑料玻璃只進行低溫試驗。
6.4 破壞安全性能試驗
6.4.1 碎片狀態
按GB/T 5137.1規定的方法進行試驗。
6.4.2 耐燃燒性能
按GB/T 5137.3規定的方法對塑玻復合材料和剛性塑料玻璃進行試驗。按GB/T 31849—2015中6.13規定的方法對貼膜玻璃進行試驗。
6.4.3 耐化學侵蝕性能
按GB/T 5137.5中規定的方法對塑玻復合材料進行浸泡法試驗，對剛性塑料玻璃進行浸泡法和負重法試驗。按GB/T 31849—2015中6.11規定的方法對貼膜玻璃進行試驗。
6.5 環境耐久性安全性能試驗
6.5.1 抗磨性能
按GB/T 5137.1規定的方法進行試驗。對于厚度超過20mm的制品，可以采用制品待磨面材料制成的平型試驗片為試樣，試樣待磨表面狀態應與制品相同。對于貼膜玻璃，將100mm×100mm的膜裝貼在同樣尺寸可見光透射比為(89±1)％的3mm平板玻璃上制成試樣，樣品數量為3塊。試驗的裝置器具和程序應符合GB/T 5137.1的規定。所磨表面為貼膜面，轉數為100r。
6.5.2 耐熱性能
按GB/T 5137.3規定的方法進行試驗。
6.5.3 耐輻照性能
按GB/T 5137.3規定的方法對夾層安全玻璃和塑玻復合材料進行試驗，并計算試驗后可見光透射比與試驗前可見光透射比的比值，以百分數表示，精確至小數點后一位。按GB/T 31849—2015中6.10規定的方法對貼膜玻璃進行試驗。
6.5.4 耐濕性能
按GB/T 5137.3規定的方法進行試驗。計算剛性塑料玻璃試驗后可見光透射比與試驗前可見光透射比的比值，以百分數表示，精確至小數點后一位。
6.5.5 耐溫度變化性能
按GB/T 5137.5規定的方法進行試驗。
6.5.6 耐模擬氣候性能
按GB/T 5137.3規定的方法進行試驗，并計算試驗后可見光透射比與試驗前可見光透射比的比值，以百分數表示，精確至小數點后一位。
6.5.7 揮發性有機物
按GB/T 31849—2015中附錄C規定的方法進行試驗。
7 判定規則
7.1 單項判定
各項安全性能檢驗項目的單項判定按附錄B的規定進行。
7.2 綜合判定
當各項安全性能均符合要求時，判定該產品安全性能合格，否則為不合格。
