All technical contents of this standard are compulsory.
This standard was drafted according to the rules specified in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces "Safety Technique Specifications of Special Schoolbus for Schoolchildren" (GB 24407-2009). Compared with GB 24407-2009, the main technical changes, in addition to editorial changes, are as follows:
- The standard name was changed into "Safety Technique Specifications of Special School Bus";
- The application scope (see Chapter 1) of this standard was modified into "this standard is applicable to special school buses for a group who are above 3 years old in kindergarten or receive nine-year compulsory education;
- The terms and definitions were modified (see Chapter 3). The following terms and definitions in GB 24407-2009 were deleted, modified and added respectively: "school bus", "school bus for school children", "special school bus for school children" and fender (deleted); "special school bus" (modified); "special school buses for infants", "special school buses for primary school students", "special school buses for primary and junior middle school students" and "stopping signal plate";
- "Classification of Special School Buses" (see Chapter 4) was added;
- The requirements for front crash structures, outside vehicle making, vehicle height limit as well as height limit from top baggage cabin body to ground (see Section 5.1) were added;
- The dynamic property requirements (see 5.2) were added;
- The infant mass for special school buses for infants and the student mass for special school buses for primary and junior middle school students were added; the attendant mass was modified and the maximum capacity of special school buses was added (see Section 5.3);
- The requirements for steering system (see Section 5.4), braking system (see Section 5.5), driving system (see Section 5.6), travelling system (see Section 5.7), front and rear bumper (see Section 5.8), roll stability (see Section 5.9), vehicle body structure (see Article 5.10.1) and top structure strength (see Article 5.10.2) were added;
- The requirements for upper structure strength were modified (see Article 5.10.3);
- The requirements for the type, position, quantity and dimension of exit were modified (see Article 5.10.4.1.1). The quantity and position of passenger doors was redefined; the dimension of passenger doors was specified based on light buses and large and medium buses; the provision that "the emergency door and emergency window shall not be located above the outlet of exhaust pipe and the emergency window shall not be located above the stopping signal plate." was added; the type and minimum quantity of emergency exit (referring to basic emergency exit) was redefined; the minimum dimensions of emergency door, emergency window and escape hatch shall comply with GB 13094;
- The structural requirements of side window (see Article 5.10.4.1.2) were modified: the requirement for the transparency of side window was added;
- The technical requirements of exit (see Article 5.10.4.1.3) were modified. The opening mode of emergency door in the vehicle rear-panel, the requirements for installing glass window on passenger door and emergency door, and the safety protection requirements for passengers where the height of passenger door and emergency door is less than 1700mm were added; the technical requirements of exit are specified respectively based on light buses and large and medium buses; the requirements for the passenger doors of large and medium special school buses were added;
- The requirements for treads (see Article 5.10.4.2) were modified: other requirements for treads and the requirements for retractable treads were supplemented;
- The requirements for the approach of passenger door were modified (see Article 5.10.4.3.1). The model corresponding to vertical plate 2 in Figure 1 of GB 24407-2009 was deleted; the requirements for the front range of seats installed on the wheel cover in Article 4.6.1.5 of GB 24407-2009 were deleted; Articles 4.6.1.8 and 4.6.1.9 in GB 24407-2009 were deleted; the requirements for the floor gradient of approach was added;
- The approach of emergency door was modified (see Article 5.10.4.3.2). The requirements of Article 4.6.2.2 in GB 24407-2009was deleted;
- The passability of emergency window (see Article 5.10.4.3.3) was modified. The requirements for the emergency exits of vehicles for less than 33 passengers and crew in Article were deleted;
- The passability of escape hatch (see Article 5.10.4.3.4) was modified. The requirements for floor exit were deleted ((see Article 4.6.4.2 of GB 24407-2009);
- The requirements of passageway were modified (see Article 5.10.4.4). The requirements for steps in the passageway was modified and there shall be no step in the vehicle passageway; the lower column diameter of passageway measuring device for 8m and above special school buses was increased to 350mm (300mm in GB 24407-2009); the passageway height of large and medium special school buses shall be greater than or equal to 1800mm; the requirements for passageway gradient was added; the requirements of Article 4.6.5.4 in GB 24407-2009 was deleted;
- The requirements for the driver's safety belt and its fixing points were added (see Article 5.10.5.1.1.1, 1 and Article 5.10.5.1.1.3);
- The requirements for attendant seats were modified (see Article 5.10.5.1.2).The requirements for the quantity of attendant seats for special school buses for infants and special school buses for primary and junior middle school students were added; the requirements for the positions of attendant seats were modified; the requirements for the quantity of attendant seats for special school buses for primary school students were modified;
- The requirements for infant seats were added and the requirements for student seats were modified (see Article 5.10.5.1.3). The requirements for primary school students' safety belts and their fixing points on the vehicle were modified: two-point safety belt must be adopted and at most 2+3 seat arrangement pattern shall be adopted; the requirements for the thickness, maximum height and width of backrest were added; the height range of seat armrest was adjusted; no seat for infants and students shall be arranged before the lateral vertical plane where Point R of the driver's seat is located; the seats must be softened; the width requirements of the individual seat were adjusted; the relevant requirements of seats for infants and primary and junior middle school students were added; the minimum width of seat cushion of the individual seat is adjusted to 380mm from 400mm; the requirements for passengers with reduced mobility were deleted (Article 4.3.6 of GB 24407-2009);
- The requirements of space for seated passengers were modified (see Article 5.10.5.1.4); the requirements for the seat spacing of special school buses for infants, special school buses for primary and junior middle school students as well as the spacing between attendant seats were added; the measurement diagram of seat spacing was modified; the minimum horizontal distance from the front edge of passenger seat cushion behind partition or other non-seat rigid structures to the front obstruction were added; the requirements for the space above passengers seated on infant seats, seats in special school buses for primary and junior middle schools as well as on attendant seats were added; the free space for wheel cover was changed into 1250mm from 1200mm and a group of dimensions were deleted where the legs of outside seats are close to the body side;
- The requirements for the front restraining barrier of seats were modified (see Article 5.10.5.2); Point G, which is 100mm behind Point R was adopted to determine the position of restraining barrier instead of Point R in GB 24407-2009; the requirements for the positions of restraining barriers for seats in special school buses for infants and special school buses for primary and junior middle school students as well as for attendant seats were added; the softening requirements for restraining barriers were added; the requirements for the height from the lower edge of restraining barrier to the ground was modified and detailed; the requirements for restraining barrier were modified;
- The armrests applicable to infants and primary school students were added and the armrest requirements were detailed (see Article 5.10.5.3);
- The requirements for first aid case (see Article 5.10.5.5), internal decoration (see Article 5.10.5.7) and signal system (see Article 5.11) were added;
- The requirements for fire prevention and control measures were modified. The requirements for the high temperature resistance and fire resistance of conducting wires were modified; the requirements for the fire resistance of materials nearby engine cabin and eddy current retarder were modified; the requirements of temperature alarming device nearby retarder were added; the arrangement requirements of power master switch were added; emergency switch was added; the relative position requirements of exhaust system, oil way and circuit were added; the allocation requirements of fire extinguishment equipment and alarming device for engine cabin were added; the quantity requirements of fire extinguishers for passenger and crew cabin were added;
- The requirements for the driver's sight were modified (see Section 5.13). After closing the passenger door, the driver shall be able to observe the outside condition nearby the passenger door; the requirements for auxiliary reversing system device and front-windshield defrosting and defogging device were added; the requirements for the sight device inside vehicle were modified;
- The requirements for air quality inside vehicle (see Section 5.14) were modified. The requirements for air composition inside vehicle were added;
- The requirements for travelling information record and processing system were modified (see Section 5.15); the function requirements of traveling recorder and the requirements for videorecording and monitoring system inside and outside vehicle were added;
- The requirements for stop warning sign on the rear-panel board of special school buses were added (see Section 5.16);
- The position requirements of visual entertainment device in Section 4.10 of GB 24407-2009 were deleted.
- The requirements for the transition period of standard implementation were added (see chapter 6);
- Appendix A (Test Methods for Top Structure Strength) and Appendix B (Stopping Signal Plate) were added;
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Automotive Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 114).
Chief rafting organizations of this standard: Zhengzhou Yutong Bus Co., Ltd., China Automotive Technology & Research Center and Bus Institute of China Highway and Transportation Society
Participating drafting organizations of this standard: National Bus Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Dongfeng (Xiangfan) Touring Car Co., Ltd., Nanjing Iveco Automobile Co., Ltd., Dandong Huanghai Automotive Company Limited, Jinhua Youngman Automobile Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Yangzhou Yaxing Motor Coach Co., Ltd., Baoding Changan Bus Manufacturing Co. Ltd., FAW Group Corporation, Jinlong Joint Automotive Industry (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Xiamen Jinlong Joint Automotive Industry Co., Ltd., Beiqi Foton Motor Co., Ltd., Anhui Ankai Automobile Co., Ltd., Chengdu Bus Co.,Ltd., Telma Vehicle Braking System (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. and Jiangsu Kuangda Automobile Textile Group Co., Ltd.
Chief drafting staffs of this standard: Zhou Huici, Tang Wang, Wu Xiaoguang, Ma Chunxin, Zhang Changgeng, Li Weijing, Dong Xiaokun, Zhang Zhe, Lu Changjun, Si Junde, Wang Xiangyang, Qiao Huilin, Sun Ying, Diao Wei, Cao Fei, Li Tao, Kuang Yong, Deng Yulin, Li Guilan, Chen Xindi, Zhou Jianguo, Su Liang, Zhao Tianhong and Deng Hai.
This standard was first issued in 2009 and this is the first revision.
NOTE: The English version hereof has been translated by codeofchina.com directly from the openly-published Chinese standard GB 24407-2012. In the event of any discrepancy in the process of implementation, the Chinese version shall prevail. Please contact +86-10-8572 5655 for clarifying any translation confusion or ordering more English-translated Chinese standards.
Safety Technique Specifications of Special School Buses
專用校車安全技術(shù)條件
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, classification, requirements and test methods of special school buses.
This standard is applicable to special school buses for a group who are above 3 years old in kindergarten or receive nine-year compulsory education.
2 Normative References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated references, only the dated versions apply to this standard. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document (include all the amendments) is applicable to this standard.
GB/T 2406.2 Plastics - Determination of Burning Behavior by Oxygen Index - Part 2: Ambient-temperature Test
GB/T 2408-2008 Plastics - Determination of Burning Characteristics - Horizontal and Vertical Test
GB 4351.1 Portable Fire Extinguishers - Part 1: Performance and Construction
GB/T 5454 Textiles - Burning Behavior - Oxygen Index Method
GB 5768.2-2009 Road Traffic Signs and Markings - Part 2: Road Traffic Signs
GB 8410-2006 Flammability of Automotive Interior Materials
GB/T 8627-2007 Test Method for Density of Smoke from the Burning or Decomposition of Building Materials
GB/T 12428 Laden Mass Calculating Method for Buses
GB 12676 Road Vehicle - Braking Systems - Structure, Performance and Test Methods
GB 13057 Strength of the Seats and Their Anchorages of Passenger Vehicles
GB 13094 Safety Requirements for Bus Construction
GB/T 13594 Antilock Braking Performance and Test Procedure for Motor Vehicles and Their Trailers
GB 13954-2009 Warning Lamps for Police Cars, Fire Engines, Ambulance and Breakdown Lorry
GB 14166 Safety Belts and Restraint Systems for Adult Occupants of Motor Vehicles and Restraint Systems for Children and ISOFIX Children
GB 14167 Safety-belt Anchorages for Vehicles, ISOFIX Anchorages and Upper Anchorage System
GB/T 14172 Static Roll Stability Test Method for Motor Vehicles
GB 15083 Strength Requirements and Test of Automobile Seats, Their Anchorages and Any Head Restraints
GB 15084 Motor Vehicles - Rear View Mirrors - Requirements of Performance and Installation
GB 17578 Provisions of Strength for the Superstructure of Bus
GB/T 17729 Hygienic Standard for the Air Quality inside Long Distance Coach
GB/T 18833 Retro-reflective Sheeting for Road Traffic Signs
GB 18986 Safety Requirements for Light Bus Construction
GB/T 19056 Vehicle Traveling Data Recorder
GB/T 19596-2004 Terminology of Electric Vehicles
GB 24315 Marker for School Bus
GB 24406 Strength of Seats and Their Anchorages of Special School Bus for Schoolchildren
GB/T 24545Requirement of Speed Limitation System for Motor Vehicles
GB/T 28370 Test Methods for the Air Quality inside Long Distance Coach
JT/T 782 Technical Requirements of Tyre Failure Emergency Safety Device for Bus
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions and those specified in GB/T 12428 and GB 13094 are applicable to this standard. For convenient application, some terms and definitions provided in GB/T 12428 and GB 13094 are listed hereby repeatedly.
3.1
Special school buses
School buses designed and manufactured specially for transporting infants or students.
3.2
Special school buses for infants
Special school buses for transporting pre-school infants above 3 years old to and from school.
3.3
Special school buses for primary school students
Special school buses for transporting primary school students to and from school.
3.4
Special school buses for primary and junior middle school students
Special school buses for transporting students who receive nine-year compulsory education (primary school students and junior middle school students).
3.5
Stopping signal plate
A signal plate to warn other vehicles not to overtake school buses which have stopped to pick up students to and from school.
3.6
Exit
Passenger door or emergency exit.
[GB 13094-2007, Definition 3.6]
3.7
Emergency exit
Emergency door, emergency window or escape hatch.
[GB 13094-2007, Definition 3.7]
3.8
Emergency door
A boor which is used as an exit for passengers only under abnormal and emergency circumstances.
[GB 13094-2007, Definition 3.8]
3.9
Emergency window
A vehicle window used as an exit for passengers and crew only under emergency circumstances and the window may be glass-free.
[GB 13094-2007, Definition 3.9]
3.10
Escape hatch
An opening in the vehicle roof or floor, used as an emergency exit for passengers only under emergency circumstances, namely safe transom window and floor exit.
[GB 13094-2007, Definition 3.9]
3.11
"Front" and "rear"
The front or rear of an vehicle based on its normal traveling direction; "frontward", "frontmost", "rearward" and "rearmost" shall be defined accordingly.
[GB 13094-2007, Definition 3.26]
3.12
Passengers and crew
A generic term for passenger, driver and crew members in a passenger car.
[GB /T 12428-2005, Definition 3.1]
4 Classification of Special School Buses
The classification of special school buses based on their structures and purposes are detailed in Table 1.
Table 1 Classification and Basic Features of Special School Buses
Structure type Purpose Basic features
Light special school buses
Special school buses for infants Vehicle length between 5m~6m (inclusive)
Special school buses for primary school students
Special school buses for primary and junior middle school students
Large and medium special school buses Special school buses for infants Vehicle length between 6m~12m (inclusive)
Special school buses for primary school students
Special school buses for primary and junior middle school students
5 Requirements and Test Methods
5.1 Appearance Marking and Main Structure Dimension
5.1.1 The special school buses shall be painted with special appearance marking according to GB 24315.
5.1.2 The front of special school buses shall be equipped with crash-safe structure. For front transverse engine, the central line of engine crankshaft shall be located in front of the frontmost point of front windshield glass; for front longitudinal engine, the central line of the first and second engine cylinders shall be located in front of the frontmost point of front windshield glass; if the front crash performance of large and medium special school buses shall not be lower than that of the two aforesaid structures, the engine arrangement pattern may not be limited.
Notes: the central line of the first and second engine cylinders refer to the central line of the first and second engine cylinders centers.
5.1.3 The articulated buses and double-deck buses shall not be used as special school buses.
5.1.4 The height of special school buses shall not be large than 3.7m.
5.1.5 If there is luggage compartment, the top of luggage compartment shall be less than 1.0m from the ground.
5.1.6 No luggage rack shall be arranged outside the special school buses.
5.1.7 Holes which are easy for the fingers of infants and primary school students to block shall not be found inside and outside the vehicles; moreover, defects such as bulges, depressions and sharp corners which are possibly easy for the personals to hurt shall not exist.
5.2 Power
The specific power of special school buses (excluding electric special school buses) shall not be less than 9.0 kW/t.
Note 1: electric special school buses refer to the defined electric automobile type in GB/T 19596-2004: pure electric vehicle, hybrid (electric) vehicle, fuel cell automobile.
Note 2: The specific power is the ratio of the maximum net power of engine (or 0.9 times rated power or nominal power of engine) and the maximum allowable total mass of motor vehicle.
5.3 Mass and Maximum Quantity of Passengers and Crew
5.3.1 For special school buses for infants, the mass of each student is calculated by 30kg; for special school buses for primary students, the mass of each student is calculated by 48kg; for special school buses for primary and junior middle school students, the mass of each student is calculated by 53kg; the mass of each attending personnel is calculated by 68kg; the mass of the driver is calculated by 75kg.
5.3.2 The maximum quantity of passengers and crew of special school buses for infants shall be less than or equal to 45 persons; the maximum capacity of special school buses for primary students and special school buses for primary and junior middle school students shall be less than or equal to 56 persons.
5.4 Steering System
Power-assisted steering device shall be adopted for special school buses.
5.5 Braking System
5.5.1 Anti-lock braking system shall be installed for special school buses according to GB/T 13594.
5.5.2 The front wheels shall be installed with disc brake.
5.5.3 The special school buses longer than 8m shall be installed with a retarder or other auxiliary braking devices; the performance of auxiliary braking devices shall meet the Type IIA test requirements of GB 12676.
5.6 Driving System
5.6.1 The special school buses shall be provided with speed-limiting device according to GB/T 24545. The set maximum ex-factory speed shall not be greater than 80km/h.
5.6.2 The driving shaft shall be provided with protective devices to prevent any danger caused by the breakage or rupture of the slip connection (spline or other similar devices) of driving shaft.
5.7 Traveling System
5.7.1 The special school buses shall adopt tubeless radial tire.
5.7.2 For special school buses with total mass greater than 4.5t, the rear wheels shall be installed with double tyres.
5.7.3 If emergency safety devices for tyre burst is installed, it shall meet the requirements of JT/T 782.
5.8 Front and Rear Bumpers
5.8.1 The special school buses shall be provided with front and rear bumpers.
5.8.2 The bumper shall be connected to the frame or body skeleton. The front bumper shall extend forward to the front of radiator grid, head light and bonnet so as to provide maximum protection; moreover, the front bumper shall also extend outward to the outer edge of wheel casing. The rear bumper shall encase the relief angle of vehicle body.
5.8.3 The bumper shall be free of any bulge, depression and sharp corner which may hurt people.
5.9 Roll Stability
The rolling stable angle shall not be less than 32° when the plane of each seat cushion is loaded according to the passengers and crew mass (where the baggage cabin is provided with, the baggage cabin shall not be loaded) given in 5.3.1 and the load is firmly fixed on the seat based on the testing methods stated in GB/T 14172. Meanwhile, the rolling stable angle shall not be less than 35° under no load.
Contents
Foreword I
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Classification of Special School Buses
5 Requirements and Test Methods
5.1 Appearance Marking and Main Structure Dimension
5.2 Power
5.3 Mass and Maximum Quantity of Passengers and Crew
5.4 Steering System
5.5 Braking System
5.6 Driving System
5.7 Traveling System
5.8 Front and Rear Bumpers
5.9 Roll Stability
5.10 Structure, Strength and Exit of Vehicle Body and Layout Inside Vehicle
5.11 Signal System
5.12 Measures for Fire Prevention and Control
5.13 Driver's Sight
5.14 Air Quality inside Vehicle
5.15 Traveling Information Record and Processing System
5.16 Stop Warning Sign on the Rear-panel Board of Special School Buses
6 Requirements of Transition Period for Standard Implementation
Appendix A (Normative) Test Methods for Top Structure Strength
Appendix B (Normative) Stopping Signal Plate
Appendix C (Normative) Test Methods for the Driver's Sight
