JB/T 14454-2024 Earth-moving machinery - Electric hydraulic excavators with external power supply device - Test methods
1 Scope
This document describes the performance test methods and reliability test methods for electric hydraulic excavators with external power supply device.
This document is applicable to the performance tests and reliability tests of crawler electric excavators with a working mass of not more than 50,000 kg, which are continuously supplied by external cables during operation.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2900.1 Electrotechnical terminology - Fundamental terms
GB/T 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB/T 6572 Earth-moving machinery - Hydraulic excavators - Terminology and commercial specifications
GB/T 7586-2018 Earth-moving machinery - Hydraulic excavators - Test methods
GB/T 8419 Earth-moving machinery - Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration
GB/T 8499 Earth-moving machinery - Method for locating the center of gravity
GB/T 8595 Earth-moving machinery - Operator's controls
GB/T 9139 Earth-moving machinery - Hydraulic excavators - Technical specifications
GB/T 10913 Earth-moving machinery - Determination of ground speed
GB/T 13331 Earth-moving machinery - Hydraulic excavators - Lift capacity
GB/T 13332 Earth-moving machinery - Hydraulic excavators and backhoe loaders - Methods of determining tool forces
GB/T 14711 General requirements for safety of small and medium size rotating electrical machines
GB/T 16937 Earth-moving machinery - Operator's field of view - Test method and performance criteria
GB/T 17626 (All parts) Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement techniques
GB 18613 Minimum allowable values of energy efficiency and energy efficiency grades for small and medium three-phase asynchronous motors
GB/T 18826 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) for industrial use
GB/T 19929 Earth-moving machinery - Crawler machines - Performance requirements and test procedures for braking systems
GB/T 19930 Earth-moving machinery - Tip-Over Protection Structure (TOPS) for compact excavators - Laboratory tests and performance requirements
GB/T 19930.2 Earth-moving machinery - Laboratory tests and performance requirements for protective structures of excavators - Part 2: Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) for excavators of over 6 t
GB/T 19932 Earth-moving machinery - Hydraulic excavators - Laboratory tests and performance requirements for operator protective guards
GB/T 19933.2 Earth-moving machinery - Operator enclosure environment - Part 2: Air filter element test method
GB/T 19933.4 Earth-moving machinery - Operator enclosure environment - Part 4: Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) test method and performance
GB/T 19933.5 Earth-moving machinery - Operator enclosure environment - Part 5: Windscreen defrosting system test method
GB/T 20082 Hydraulic fluid power - Fluid contamination - Determination of particulate contamination by the counting method using an optical microscope
GB/T 20418 Earth-moving machinery - Lighting, signaling, and marking lights, and reflex-reflector devices
GB/T 21153 Earth-moving machinery - Units for dimensions, performance and capacities and their measurement accuracies
GB/T 21154-2014 Earth-moving machinery - Methods of measuring the masses of whole machines, their equipment and components
GB/T 21154 Earth-moving machinery - Methods of measuring the masses of whole machines, their equipment and components
GB/T 21155 Earth-moving machinery - Machine-mounted audible travel alarms and forward horns - Test methods and performance criteria
GB/T 21941 Earth-moving machinery - Volumetric ratings for hoe-type and grab-type buckets of hydraulic excavators and backhoe loaders
GB/T 21942 Earth-moving machinery - Loader and front loading excavator buckets - Volumetric ratings
GB/T 22359 Earth-moving machinery - Electromagnetic compatibility
GB/T 25614 Earth-moving machinery - Determination of sound power level - Dynamic test conditions
GB/T 25615 Earth-moving machinery - Determination of emission sound pressure level at operator’s position - Dynamic test conditions
GB/T 25685.1 Earth-moving machinery - Field of vision of surveillance and rear-view mirrors - Part 1: Test methods
GB/Z 26139 Earth-moving machinery - Guidelines for assessment of exposure to whole-body vibration of ride-on machines - Use of harmonized data measured by international institutes, organizations and manufacturers
GB 30254 Minimum allowable values of energy efficiency and the energy efficiency grades for cage three-phase high voltage induction motor
GB/T 30965 Earth-moving machinery - Determination of average ground contact pressure for crawler machines
GB/T 36693 Earth-moving machinery - Hydraulic excavator - Reliability test procedures, failure classification and evaluation
GB/T 37163 Hydraulic fluid power - Determination of the particulate contamination level of a liquid sample by automatic particle counting using the light-extinction principle
GB/T 38943.1-2020 Earth-moving machinery - Electrical safety of machines utilizing electric drives and related components and systems - Part 1: General requirements
JB/T 14453 Earth-moving machinery - Electric hydraulic excavators with external power supply device - Technical specifications
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 6572, GB/T 2900.1, and JB/T 14453 apply.
4 Pretest preparation
4.1 Measurement accuracy
The measurement accuracy shall meet the requirements of GB/T 21153.
4.2 Preparation of technical data
4.2.1 Operator's manual of crawler electric excavators with external power supply device (hereinafter referred to as "electric excavator").
4.2.2 The technical parameters of the electric excavator shall be recorded in Table A.1.
4.3 Preparation of electric excavator
4.3.1 The whole machine shall be fully equipped, with sufficient lubricating oil, cooling water, and other fluids filled according to the requirements, and the on-board tools shall be properly prepared.
4.3.2 The parameters of all hydraulic and pneumatic elements shall be adjusted to the specified values, and the hydraulic oil temperature shall reach 50°C±3°C.
4.3.3 The electric excavator shall undergo sufficient running-in before the test.
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Pretest preparation
5 Stationary test
6 Protective equipotential bonding circuit continuity
7 Insulation resistance test
8 Voltage withstand test
9 Start-stop test
10 Speed regulation test
11 Emergency stop function test
12 Determination of tip-over moment
13 Determination of tool force
14 Driving performance tests
15 Swing test
16 Noise determination
17 Vibration test
18 Lift capacity test
19 Electromagnetic compatibility test
20 Verification of motor energy efficiency
21 Verification of air conditioning refrigerant
22 Test of lighting, signaling and marking lights, and reflex-reflector devices
23 Test of machine-mounted audible travel alarms and forward horns
24 Test of surveillance and rear-view mirrors
25 Test of operator protective guards
26 Tests of tip-over protection structure (TOPS) of compact electric excavators and roll-over protective structures (ROPS) for electric excavators of 6t
27 Test of operator enclosure environment
28 Electric excavator operating test
29 Strength test
30 Cable sag test
31 Idling test
32 Hydraulic system test
33 Safety verification of motors
34 Overcurrent/short-circuit protection test
35 Ingress protection (IP) test
36 Ramp parking test
37 Functional test of external power supply device
38 Tests for other safety requirements
39 Reliability test
Annex A (Informative) Technical parameters form of electric excavator
Annex B (Informative) Electric excavator test record form
Figure 1 a) Overall dimension diagram of trailer type external power supply device
Figure 1 b) Overall dimension diagram of crawler type external power supply device
Figure 1 c) Overall dimension diagram of fixed rotation type external power supply device
Figure 1 d) Overall dimension diagram of fixed type external power supply device
Figure 2 Cable sag test
Figure 3 Overcurrent/short-circuit protection test circuit
Table 1 Failure classification and assessment criteria
Table A.1 Technical parameters form of electric excavator
Table B.1 Determination record form of base machine overall dimensions of electric excavator
Table B.2 Determination record form of overall dimensions of external power supply device
Table B.3 Electric excavator reliability test shift record form
