GB/T 7911-2024 High-pressure decorative laminates made from thermosetting resins impregnated sheets (HPL)
1 Scope
This document specifies the classification, labeling and application areas, requirements, inspection rules, and marking, packaging, transport and storage of high-pressure decorative laminates made from thermosetting resins impregnated sheets (HPL).
This document is applicable to the production, trade and inspection of high-pressure decorative laminates made from thermosetting resins impregnated sheets (HPL).
2 Normative references
The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 1040.2-2022 Plastics - Determination of tensile properties - Part 2: Test conditions for moulding and extrusion plastics
GB/T 2828.1-2012 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes - Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
GB 8624-2012 Classification for burning behavior of building materials and products
GB/T 16422.1-2019 Plastics - Methods of the exposure to laboratory light sources - Part 1: General guidance
GB/T 16422.2-2022 Plastics - Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources - Part 2: Xenon-arc sources
GB/T 16422.3-2022 Plastics - Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources - Part 2: Fluorescent UV lamps
GB/T 17657-2022 Test methods of evaluating the properties of wood-based panels and surface decorated wood-based panels
GB/T18259-2018 Terminology for wood-based panels and their surface decoration
GB 18580-2017 Indoor decorating and refurbishing materials - Limit of formaldehyde emission of wood-based panels and finishing products
GB/T 19367-2022 Determination of dimensions of wood-based panels
GB/T 20284-2006 Single burning item test for building materials and products
GB/T 20285-2006 Toxic classification of fire effluents hazard for materials
GB/T 31762-2015 Determination of phenol emission from wooden materials and their furnishing products - Small chamber method
GB/T 39600-2021 Formaldehyde emission grading for wood-based panel and finishing products
LY/T 3230-2020 Classification of volatile organic compounds emission contents from wood-based panels and their finishing products
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 18259-2018 and the following apply.
3.1
high-pressure decorative laminates made from thermosetting resins impregnated sheets
a kind of decorative material formed with a surface paper impregnated with amino thermosetting resin (mainly melamine resin), a decorative paper and a base paper impregnated with phenolic resin which are laminated and then subjected to the high pressure process
Note 1: They are called high-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) for short, and include ordinary, floor, outdoor, pearlescent, metal, colored core, and metal reinforced core laminates.
Note 2: The high pressure process refers to a hot pressing process in which the thermosetting resin flows and cures under high temperature (≥ 120°C) and high pressure (≥ 5 MPa) so that the density of the laminate is not less than 1.35 g/cm3.
[Source: 18259-2018, 3.4.60, modified]
3.2
surface layer
uppermost decorative layer consisting of one or more layers of fibrous material (typically paper) impregnated with an amino thermosetting resin (mainly melamine resin) or other curable resin, or of other decorative material, such as metal foil
3.3
core layer
layer consisting of a fibrous material (typically paper) impregnated with a thermosetting resin (mainly phenolic-based resin) or other cured resin, or reinforced by a metal layer, a metal mesh, and other non-thermosetting resin treated material
3.4
pearlescent laminate
high-pressure decorative laminates whose surface material is composed of decorative paper impregnated with melamine resin and can show a pearlescent effect
3.5
metal laminate
high-pressure decorative laminate whose surface layer is composed of a thin layer of metal protected by painting or anodizing treatment (aluminum)
Note: Thin-layer metals includes aluminum, steel or copper.
3.6
colored core laminate
high-pressure decorative laminate in which the core layer is made of cellulose fibers (typically paper) impregnated with a thermosetting resin (mainly amino resin), and obtains a color effect by coloring the fibers or resins, and obtains a semi-transparent effect by using bleached fibers or transparent resins
3.7
metal reinforced core laminate
high-pressure decorative laminate whose core layer is made of a metal layer or cellulose fibers impregnated with a metal mesh and a thermosetting resin (phenolic or aminoplast resin) (typically paper) to improve mechanical properties, fire resistance, permeability and edge beautification
4 Classification
4.1 By thickness:
a) Thin laminates —— single-faced laminates with a thickness < 2 mm, which shall be used after being compounded with the substrate;
b) Thick laminates —— single- or double-faced laminates with a thickness ≥ 2 mm, which may be used alone or after being supported.
4.2 By application:
a) Ordinary laminates —— including thin type and thick type, often used as the main material for furniture manufacturing and decoration;
b) Floor laminates —— with high wear resistance, and used as a floor after being bonded with the substrate;
c) Outdoor laminate - thick laminates for outdoor use.
4.3 By decorative layer:
a) Ordinary laminates —— with decorative surface without special treatment, and without special decorative effect;
b) Pearlescent laminates —— with pearlescent effect;
c) Metal laminates —— with metal gloss.
4.4 By core material:
a) Colored core laminates;
b) Metal reinforced core laminates.
Contents
Foreword I
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Classification
5 Labeling and application areas
6 Requirements
7 Test methods
8 Inspection rules
9 Marking, packaging, transport and storage
熱固性樹脂浸漬紙高壓裝飾層積板(HPL)
1 范圍
本文件規定了熱固性樹脂浸漬紙高壓裝飾層積板的分類、標記與應用領域、要求、檢驗規則以及標志、包裝、運輸和貯存，描述了相關的檢驗方法。
本文件適用于熱固性樹脂浸漬紙高壓裝飾層積板的生產、貿易及檢驗。
2 規范性引用文件
下列文件中的內容通過文中的規范性引用而構成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文件，僅該日期對應的版本適用于本文件：不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。
GB/T 1040.2-2022 塑料拉伸性能的測定第2部分：模塑和擠塑塑料的試驗條件
GB/T 2828.1-2012 計數抽樣檢驗程序第1部分：按接收質量限(AQL)檢索的逐批檢驗抽樣計劃
GB 8624-2012 建筑材料及制品燃燒性能分級
GB/T 16422.1-2019 塑料實驗室光源暴露試驗方法第1部分：總則
GB/T 16422.2-2022 塑料實驗室光源暴露試驗方法第2部分：氙弧燈
GB/T 16422.3-2022 塑料實驗室光源暴露試驗方法第2部分；熒光紫外燈
GB/T 17657-2022 人造板及飾面人造板理化性能試驗方法
GB/T18259-2018 人造板及其表面裝飾術語
GB 18580-2017 室內裝飾裝修材料人造板及其制品中甲醛釋放限量
GB/T 19367-2022 人造板的尺寸測定
GB/T 20284-2006 建筑材料或制品的單體燃燒試驗
GB/T 20285-2006 材料產煙毒性危險分級
GB/T 31762-2015 木質材料及其制品中苯酚釋放量測定 小型釋放艙法
GB/T 39600-2021 人造板及其制品甲醛釋放量分級
LY/T 3230-2020 人造板及其制品揮發性有機化合物釋放量分級
3 術語和定義
GB/T 18259—2018界定的以及下列術語和定義適用于本文件。
3.1
熱固性樹脂浸漬紙高壓裝飾層積板 high-pressure decorative laminates made from thermosetting resins impregnated sheets
用氨基熱固性樹脂(主要是三聚氰胺樹脂)浸漬的表層紙、裝飾紙和用酚醛樹脂浸漬的底層紙，層積后通過高壓工藝制作而成的一種裝飾材料。
注1：簡稱高壓裝飾層積板(HPL)，包含普通型HPL，地板型、室外型，珠光型，金屬飾面型、彩色芯型、金屬加強芯型等。
注2：高壓工藝指在高溫(溫度≥120℃)和高壓(壓力>5MPa)條件下，熱固性樹脂流動并固化，使板材密度不小于 1.35g/cm2的熱壓工藝。
[來源：GB/T 18259-2018，3.4.60，有修改]
3.2
表層 surface layer
由氨基熱固性樹脂(主要是三聚氰胺樹脂)或其他可固化樹脂浸漬過的一層或多層纖維材料(通常是紙)組成，或由其他裝飾材料如金屬箔片等組成的位于最上層的裝飾層。
3.3
芯層 core layer
由熱固性樹脂(主要是酚醛基樹脂)或其他固化樹脂浸漬的纖維材料(通常是紙)組成，或由金屬層、金屬網及其他非熱固性樹脂處理的材料進行增強。
3.4
珠光型高壓裝飾層積板 pearlescent laminate
表面材料由三聚氰胺樹脂浸漬處理過的裝飾紙組成，且能夠呈現出珠光效果的高壓裝飾層積板。
3.5
金屬飾面型高壓裝飾層積板 metal laminate
表層材料由通過油漆或陽極氧化處理(鋁)進行保護處理的薄層金屬構成的高壓裝飾層積板。
注：薄層金屬(例如鋁、鋼或銅)。
3.6
彩色芯型高壓裝飾層積板 colored core laminate
芯層由熱固性樹脂(主要是氨基樹脂)浸漬處理的纖維素纖維(通常是紙)制成，且芯層通過對纖維或樹脂著色獲得彩色效果，使用漂白纖維或透明樹脂獲得半透明效果的高壓裝飾層積板。
3.7
金屬加強芯型高壓裝飾層積板 metal reinforced core laminate
芯層由金屬層或金屬網和熱固性樹脂(酚醛或氨基塑料樹脂)浸漬處理過的纖維素纖維(通常是紙)制成的高壓裝飾層積板，以達到改善機械性能、防火性能、滲透性能及美化邊緣的目的。
4 分類
4.1 按厚度分：
a) 薄型——厚度<2mm, 只有一個裝飾面，與基材黏結后使用；
b) 厚型——厚度≥2mm, 單飾面或雙飾面，單獨使用或支撐后使用。
4.2 按應用分：
a) 普通型——包括薄型與厚型，常作為主材料用于家具制造與裝飾裝修；
b) 地板型——具有較高的耐磨性能，與基材黏結后作為地板使用；
c) 室外型——用室外使用的厚型層積板。
4.3 按表層裝飾分：
a) 普通型——裝飾面不經特殊處理，不具有特殊裝飾效果；
b) 珠光型——具有珠光效果；
c) 金屬飾面型——具有金屬光澤效果。
4.4 按芯層材料分：
a) 彩色芯型；
b) 金屬加強芯型。
