Test method for noise of household and similar electrical appliances—Particular requirements for electric cooking ranges, ovens, grills, microwave ovens and any combination of these
GB/T 4214 consists of the following 9 parts, under the general title Test method for noise of household and similar electrical appliances:
——General requirements (GB/T 4214.1);
——Particular requirements for vacuum cleaners (GB/T 4214.2);
——Particular requirements for dishwashers (GB/T 4214.3);
——Particular requirements for washing machines and spin extractors (GB/T 4214.4);
——Particular requirements for electric shavers (GB/T 4214.5);
——Particular requirements for electric hair care appliances (GB/T 4214.6);
——Particular requirements for washing machines and spin extractors(GB/T 4214.7);
——Particular requirements for electric cooking ranges, ovens, grills, microwave ovens and any combination of these(GB/T 4214.8);
——Particular requirements for fans (GB/T 4214.9).
This part is Part 8 of GB/T 4214.
This part shall be used in combination with GB/T 4214.1-2017. The clauses state "applicable", that means corresponding clauses of GB GB/T 4214.1-2017 are applicable to this part; when the clauses state "replacement" give priority to the clauses in this part; when the clauses state "addition", that means not only the corresponding clauses in GB/T 4214.1-2017, but also added clauses of this part shall be complied.
This part is prepared in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
The translation method used in this part is equivalent to IEC 60704-2-10:2011 Household and similar electrical appliances - Test code for the determination of airborne acoustical noise - Part 2-10: Particular requirements for electric cooking ranges, ovens, grills, microwave ovens and any combination of these.
The following editorial changes have been made in this part:
——In order to unify the name of this series of standards, the name of this part is revised to Test method for noise of household and similar electrical appliances - Particular requirements for electric cooking ranges, ovens, grills, microwave ovens and any combination of these.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This part was proposed by the China National Light Industry Council.
This part is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 46 National Technical Committee on Household Electric Appliances of Standardization Administration of China.
Test method for noise of household and similar electrical appliances - Particular requirements for electric cooking ranges, ovens, grills, microwave ovens and any combination of these
1 Scope and object
This clause of GB/T 4214.1-2017 is applicable except as follows.
1.1 Scope
1.1.1 General
Addition:
This part of GB/T 4214 requirements apply to electric cooking ranges, ovens, grills, microwave ovens and any combination of these for household and similar use.
Note 101: These particular requirements do not apply to hobs due to lack of standardised load (pans) representative of normal use and ensuring a good repeatability of tests. For these applications, the loading and operating conditions are under consideration.
This part does not apply to appliances or parts of appliances that use gas energy.
1.1.2 Types of noise
Replacement:
The methods specified in GB/T 6881.2, GB/T 6881.3 and GB/T 3767 can be used for measuring noise emitted by electric cooking ranges, ovens, grills, microwave ovens and any combination of these.
1.1.3 Size of the source
Replacement:
The method specified in GB/T 3767 is applicable to noise sources of any size. When applying GB/T 6881.2 and GB/T 6881.3, care should be taken that the maximum size of the appliance under test fulfills the requirements specified in 1.3 of GB/T 6881.2 and GB/T 6881.3.
1.2 Object
Addition:
The methods described are specified for appliances without an operator present.
Requirements for the declaration of noise emission values are not within the scope of this part.
Note 101: For determining and verifying noise emission values declared in product specifications, see IEC 60704-3.
1.3 Measurement uncertainty
Replacement:
The estimated values of standard deviations of sound power levels, determined according to this standard, see Table 101:
Table 101 Standard deviations of sound power levels
Standard deviation/dB
σr(repeatability) σR(repeatability)
0.4 1.0
1.101 Standard deviation for declaration and verification
For the purpose of determining and verifying declared noise emission values according to IEC 60704-3,the values indicated in Table 102 apply:
Table 102 - Standard deviations for declaration and verification
Standard deviation/dB
σP (production) σT (total) σM (reference)
1.0~1.7 1.4~2.0 2.0
2 Normative References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
This clause of GB/T 4214.1-2017 is applicable except as follows.
Addition:
ISO 7235 Acoustics - Laboratory measurement procedures for ducted silencers and air-terminal units - Insertion loss, flow noise and total pressure loss
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
This clause of GB/T 4214.1-2017 is applicable except as follows.
Addition:
3.101
cooking range
appliance having a hob and at least one oven; it may incorporate a grill
[IEC 60350:19991), definition 3.1]
3.102
hob
appliance or part of an appliance which incorporates one or more cooking zones
[IEC 60350:1999, definition 3.2]
Note 101: A hob is also known as a cook top.
3.103
oven
appliance or compartment of a cooking range in which food is cooked by radiation, by natural convection, by forced-air circulation, by steam or by a combination of these heating methods
[IEC 60350:1999, definition 3.10]
3.104
grill
appliance or part of an appliance in which food is cooked by radiant heat
[IEC 60350:1999, definition 3.9]
3.105
steam function
function by which food is heated with steam up to boiling temperature of water at ambient pressure
3.106
hot steam function
function by which food is heated with hot steam (T>100 °C) at ambient pressure
[Amendment 1:2005 of IEC 60350:1999, definition 3.18 modified]
3.107
forced air circulation function
heat transmission to the food by forced air convection, i.e. circulating the air with the help of a fan
[Amendment 1:2005 of IEC 60350:1999, definition 3.17]
Note 101: This does not include circulated functions that operate a grill element only.
3.108
microwave oven
appliance using electromagnetic energy in the ISM frequency band of 2450 MHz for heating food and beverages in the cavity
[IEC 60705:2010, definition 3.1]
Note 101: The microwave oven may incorporate a browning element.
Note 102: ISM frequency bands are the electromagnetic frequencies established by the ITU and reproduced in CISPR 11.
3.109
other heating function
heating by energy other than microwave
3.110
cooling fan
fan integrated in an appliance for the purpose of avoiding excessive temperatures
3.111
standard test load
for functions using microwave energy, a cylindrical container of borosilicate glass with a maximum wall thickness of 3 mm, an outside diameter of approximately 190 mm and a height of approximately 90 mm, filled with 1000 g±50 g of water at 20 °C±5 °C
Note 101: A glass rod or similar is placed in the glass container to prevent accidents due to the boiling delay factor.
Note 102: To avoid noise from boiling water the load has to be changed before the measurements.
Note 103: Other heating functions are operated and measured without load.
4 Measurement methods and acoustical environments
This clause of GB/T 4214.1-2017 is applicable except as follows.
4.2 Direct method
Addition:
Note 101: If pure tone components are present in the noise emitted by the source, the estimated standard deviation of the measured sound pressure levels in the special reverberation room may increase. In such cases additional microphone positions or source positions may be necessary, as specified in GB/T 6881.3.
4.3 Comparison method
Addition:
Note 101: If pure tone components are present in the noise emitted by the source,the estimated standard deviation of the measured sound pressure levels in the hard-walled test room or in the special reverberation room may increase. In such cases additional microphone positions or source positions may be necessary as specified in GB/T 6881.2 and GB/T 6881.3.
5 Instrumentation
This clause of GB/T 4214.1-2017 is applicable.
Foreword I
1 Scope and object
2 Normative References
3 Terms and definitions
4 Measurement methods and acoustical environments
5 Instrumentation
6 Operation and location of appliances under test
7 Measurement of sound pressure levels
8 Calculation of sound pressure and sound power levels
9 Information to be recorded
10 Information to be reported
Annexes
Annex A (Normative) Standard test table
Bibliography
ICS 97.040.20
Z 32
GB
中華人民共和國國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
GB/T 4214.8—2021/IEC 60704-2-10:2011
家用和類似用途電器噪聲測試方法
電灶、烤箱、烤架、微波爐及其
組合器具的特殊要求
Test method for noise of household and similar electrical appliances—
Particular requirements for electric cooking ranges, ovens, grills,
microwave ovens and any combination of these
(IEC 60704-2-10:2011, Household and similar electrical appliances
Test code for the determination of airborne acoustical noise—Part 2-10:
Particular requirements for electric cooking ranges, ovens, grills,
microwave ovens and any combination of these, IDT)
2021-03-09發(fā)布 2021-03-09實(shí)施
國家市場監(jiān)督管理總局
國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理委員會(huì) 發(fā)布
前言
GB/T 4214《家用和類似用途電器噪聲測試方法》分為9部分:
——通用要求(GB/T 4214.1);
——真空吸塵器的特殊要求(GB/T 4214.2);
——洗碗機(jī)的特殊要求(GB/T 4214.3);
——洗衣機(jī)和離心式脫水機(jī)的特殊要求(GB/T 4214.4);
——電動(dòng)剃須刀的特殊要求(GB/T 4214.5);
——毛發(fā)護(hù)理器具的特殊要求(GB/T 4214.6);
——滾筒式干衣機(jī)的特殊要求(GB/T 4214.7);
——電灶、烤箱、烤架、微波爐及其組合器具的特殊要求(GB/T 4214.8);
——風(fēng)扇的特殊要求(GB/T 4214.9)。
本部分為GB/T 4214的第8部分。
本部分與GB/T 4214.1—2017配合使用。本部分中寫明“適用”的部分,表示GB/T 4214.1—2017中的相應(yīng)條文適用于本部分;本部分寫明“代替”的部分,則以本部分中的條文為準(zhǔn);本部分寫明“增加”的部分,表示除要符合GB/T 4214.1—2017中的相應(yīng)條文外,還需符合本部分條文中所增加的條文。
本部分按照GB/T 1.1—2009給出的規(guī)則起草。
本部分使用翻譯法等同采用IEC 60704-2-10:2011《家用和類似用途電器 噪聲測試方法 第2-10部分:電灶、烤箱、烤架、微波爐及其組合器具的特殊要求》。
本部分做了下列編輯性修改:
——為與現(xiàn)有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)系列一致,將本部分名稱修改為《家用和類似用途電器噪聲測試方法 電灶、烤箱、烤架、微波爐及其組合器具的特殊要求》。
請注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識(shí)別這些專利的責(zé)任。
本部分由中國輕工業(yè)聯(lián)合會(huì)提出。
本部分由全國家用電器標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會(huì)(SAC/TC 46)歸口。
家用和類似用途電器噪聲測試方法
電灶、烤箱、烤架、微波爐及其
組合器具的特殊要求
1 范圍和測定量
GB/T 4214.1—2017中的該章除下述內(nèi)容外,均適用。
1.1 范圍
1.1.1 概述
增加:
GB/T 4214的本部分適用于家用和類似用途的電灶、烤箱、烤架、微波爐及由這些器具組合而成的組合型器具。
注101:本部分不適用于灶臺(tái),因?yàn)闆]有能代表正常使用并確保測試可重復(fù)性好的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)負(fù)載(平底鍋)。對于這些器具,加載和操作條件正在考慮中。
本部分不適用于使用燃?xì)獾钠骶呋蚱骶咧惺褂萌細(xì)獾牟糠帧?1.1.2 噪聲類型
代替:
GB/T 6881.2,GB/T 6881.3和GB/T 3767中所列方法可用于電灶、烤箱、烤架、微波爐及其組合器具發(fā)射的噪聲的測量。
1.1.3 聲源的尺寸
代替:
GB/T 3767中所列方法適用于任意尺寸的聲源。當(dāng)使用GB/T 6881.2和GB/T 6881.3時(shí),應(yīng)注意被測器具的最大尺寸滿足GB/T 6881.2和GB/T 6881.3中1.3規(guī)定的要求。
1.2 測定量
增加:
本部分所述的方法是指操作員不在場的情況。
噪聲明示值的要求不在本部分范圍內(nèi)。
注101:確定和驗(yàn)證產(chǎn)品規(guī)格中明示的噪聲值,見IEC 60704-3。
1.3 測量不確定度
代替:
根據(jù)本部分確定的聲功率級(jí)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差估計(jì)值,見表101。
表101 聲功率級(jí)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差/dB
σr(重復(fù)性) σR(再現(xiàn)性)
0.4 1.0
1.101 明示值和驗(yàn)證值的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差
根據(jù)IEC 60704-3,為了確定和驗(yàn)證噪聲的明示值,表102中的值適用:
表102 明示值和驗(yàn)證值的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差/dB
σP(生產(chǎn)) σT(總) σM(參考)
1.0~1.7 1.4~2.0 2.0
2 規(guī)范性引用文件
下列文件對于本文件的應(yīng)用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件,僅注日期的版本適用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。
GB/T 4214.1—2017中的該章除下述內(nèi)容外,均適用。
增加:
ISO 7235 聲學(xué) 管道消聲器和風(fēng)道末端單元的實(shí)驗(yàn)室測量程序 插入損失、氣流噪聲和全壓損失(Acoustics—Laboratory measurement procedures for ducted silencers and air-terminal units—Insertion loss, flow noise and total pressure loss)
3 術(shù)語和定義
下列術(shù)語和定義適用于本文件。
GB/T 4214.1—2017中的該章除下述內(nèi)容外,均適用。
增加:
3.101
電灶 cooking range
帶有爐臺(tái)和至少一個(gè)烤箱的器具(可能帶有烤架)。
[IEC 60350:19991),定義3.1]
____________________
1) IEC 60350:1999已被IEC 60350-1:2016和IEC 60350-2:2017代替。
3.102
灶臺(tái) hob
由一個(gè)或多個(gè)烹飪區(qū)域組成的器具或器具的一部分。
[IEC 60350:1999,定義3.2]
注101:灶臺(tái)也被稱為灶面。
3.103
烤箱 oven
可在其內(nèi)部通過熱輻射、自然對流、強(qiáng)制空氣循環(huán)、蒸汽或這些加熱方式組合烹飪食物的器具或電灶的隔間。
[IEC 60350:1999,定義3.10]
3.104
烤架 grill
可在其中通過熱輻射烹飪食物的器具或器具的一部分。
[IEC 60350:1999,定義3.9]
3.105
蒸汽功能 steam function
在常壓下,通過將水加熱至沸點(diǎn)溫度形成蒸汽加熱食物的功能。
3.106
熱蒸汽功能 hot steam function
在常壓下,通過過熱蒸汽(T>100℃)加熱食物的功能。
[IEC 60350:1999,第一增補(bǔ)件(2005),定義3.18(修改)]
3.107
強(qiáng)制空氣循環(huán)功能 forced air circulation function
通過強(qiáng)制空氣流動(dòng)(例如借助風(fēng)扇使空氣循環(huán))的方式將熱量傳遞到食物的功能。
[IEC 60350:1999,第一增補(bǔ)件(2005),定義3.17]
注101:不包括僅燒烤元件工作的空氣循環(huán)功能。
3.108
微波爐 microwave oven
利用頻率為2 450 MHz的ISM頻段的電磁能量來加熱腔體內(nèi)食物和飲料的器具。
[IEC 60705:2010,定義3.1]
注101:微波爐可能包含著色元件。
注102:ISM頻段范圍是由ITU確定并在CISPR 11中采用的電磁頻率。
3.109
其他加熱功能 other heating function
用其他能量而非微波加熱的功能。
3.110
冷卻風(fēng)扇 cooling fan
集成安裝在器具內(nèi)部,用于避免過高溫度的風(fēng)扇。
3.111
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測試負(fù)載 standard test load
對于使用微波功能的器具,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測試負(fù)載是采用硼硅酸鹽玻璃制成的圓柱形容器,其最大壁厚為3 mm,外徑約為190 mm,高約為90 mm,裝有1 000 g±50 g的20℃±5℃的水。
注101:為避免沸騰延遲而導(dǎo)致意外,將一個(gè)玻璃棒或類似物品置于玻璃容器中。
注102:為避免水沸騰時(shí)發(fā)出的噪聲,需要在每次測量前更換標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測試負(fù)載。
注103:其他加熱功能在空載下運(yùn)行和測量。
4 測量方法與聲學(xué)環(huán)境
GB/T 4214.1—2017中的該章除下述內(nèi)容外,均適用。
4.2 直接法
增加:
注101:如果聲源發(fā)出的噪聲中存在純音成分,在專用混響室中測得的聲壓級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差的估計(jì)值可能會(huì)增大。該情況下,根據(jù)GB/T 6881.3的規(guī)定,可能有必要增加額外的傳聲器的位置或聲源的位置。
4.3 比較法
增加:
注101:如果聲源發(fā)出的噪聲中存在純音成分,在剛性壁面測試室或?qū)S没祉懯覝y得的聲壓級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差的估計(jì)值可能會(huì)增大。該情況下,根據(jù)GB/T 6881.2和GB/T 6881.3的規(guī)定,可能有必要增加額外的傳聲器的位置或聲源的位置。
5 測量儀器
GB/T 4214.1—2017中的該章均適用。
6 被測器具的運(yùn)行與定位
GB/T 4214.1—2017中的該章除下述內(nèi)容外,均適用。
6.1 器具的裝配與預(yù)處理
6.1.1 代替:
器具應(yīng)裝配能夠保證電機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)所必需驅(qū)動(dòng)單元和附件。其他附件,如烤盤、爐腔分隔器、面包烤盤、燒烤網(wǎng)格等,應(yīng)被移除。
根據(jù)制造商的說明,如果帶有集成式抽氣裝置的器具需要連接一個(gè)排氣裝置,則連接到圖101所示的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)排氣裝置。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)排氣裝置由消聲器和管道連接而成。管道應(yīng)由金屬制成且內(nèi)壁光滑,內(nèi)徑應(yīng)與制造商規(guī)定的出風(fēng)口連接裝置的最大內(nèi)徑一致。如果制造商沒有規(guī)定,應(yīng)選用內(nèi)徑最合適的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)管道。消聲器的插入損失應(yīng)符合圖101表中的要求。消聲器的橫截面應(yīng)具有與管道相同的內(nèi)徑,消聲器的長度應(yīng)滿足圖101的要求,其內(nèi)部不應(yīng)存在可能產(chǎn)生額外壓降的凸出部分。管道和消聲器還應(yīng)符合圖101所有要求,同時(shí)應(yīng)注意二者不會(huì)輻射噪聲。管道和消聲器可以水平、垂直或者傾斜安裝。如果出風(fēng)口位于器具的后側(cè),應(yīng)用另外一個(gè)與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)排氣系統(tǒng)同類型的90°彎管將器具連接到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)排氣系統(tǒng)。
6.1.2 代替:
噪聲測試前,按照6.1.1裝配的器具應(yīng)在最高速度、最大輸出功率下運(yùn)行至少10 min。按照3.111選擇負(fù)載。
6.1.3 代替:
根據(jù)6.4.2規(guī)定,穩(wěn)定停機(jī)狀態(tài)應(yīng)包含在運(yùn)行中。
6.2 電、水或燃?xì)獾墓?yīng)
6.2.3和6.2.4不適用。
6.4 測試期間器具的加載與運(yùn)行
6.4.2 代替:
除非本部分另有規(guī)定,每個(gè)功能都應(yīng)選擇產(chǎn)生最大噪聲的設(shè)置。所有功能中選擇噪聲最大值作為測試結(jié)果。忽略所有清潔模式。
對于帶有多個(gè)腔體的烤箱,所有腔體要同時(shí)運(yùn)行。
注101:一般來講,在空氣循環(huán)、轉(zhuǎn)盤轉(zhuǎn)速、旋轉(zhuǎn)烤架轉(zhuǎn)速、風(fēng)扇轉(zhuǎn)速以及微波功率等為最高時(shí)產(chǎn)生的噪聲最大。如果有制造商提供的使用說明,宜按照其進(jìn)行操作。
對于微波功能,及其所有可能的組合功能,應(yīng)按照3.111加載。測量應(yīng)在器具啟動(dòng)2 min后開始,在水沸騰前結(jié)束。
對于其他加熱功能,溫度條件如下:
——蒸汽功能設(shè)置為水的沸點(diǎn)溫度;
——具有強(qiáng)制空氣循環(huán)加熱功能和過熱蒸汽加熱功能的烤箱設(shè)置為175℃;
——其他加熱功能設(shè)置為200℃;
——燒烤功能設(shè)置為最大設(shè)定值。
達(dá)到設(shè)定溫度后開始測試。烤架應(yīng)在器具運(yùn)行15 min后開始測試。
注102:如果沒有指示,可以通過功率表來控制溫度。
6.4.3 不適用。
6.5 器具的定位和安裝
6.5.2 不適用。
6.5.3 修改:
D=25 cm±0.5 cm
7 聲壓級(jí)的測量
GB/T 4214.1—2017中的該章除下述內(nèi)容外,均適用。
7.1 反射面上方的近似自由場中的傳聲器的布置、測量表面以及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)聲源(RSS)的位置
7.1.4 代替:
對于臺(tái)式器具,7.1.2適用。
7.1.5 和7.1.6不適用。
7.4 測量
7.4.1 增加:
對于平穩(wěn)噪聲,測試的平均時(shí)間應(yīng)至少為30 s。對于非平穩(wěn)噪聲,平均時(shí)間應(yīng)至少包括3個(gè)時(shí)段,每一時(shí)段都應(yīng)具有非平穩(wěn)噪聲的代表性。
8 聲壓級(jí)和聲功率級(jí)的計(jì)算
GB/T 4214.1—2017中的該章均適用。
9 記錄內(nèi)容
GB/T 4214.1—2017中的該章除下述內(nèi)容外,均適用。
9.6.3 不適用。
9.7.4 不適用。
9.9.3 代替:
產(chǎn)生最大噪聲值的功能。
10 報(bào)告內(nèi)容
GB/T 4214.1—2017中的該章除下述內(nèi)容外,均適用。
10.3.5 不適用。
消音器的內(nèi)徑應(yīng)與管道的內(nèi)徑相同,且至少應(yīng)具有下表所述的插入損失。
連接處不應(yīng)干擾氣流,以避免任何額外的噪聲和壓降
內(nèi)壁光滑的管子l1+l2+l3=3 000 mm
彎管用于器具排氣口的背部
直徑d的測量見6.1.1
倍頻帶a最小插入損失/dB
125 Hz 250 Hz 500 Hz 1 000 Hz 2 000 Hz 4 000 Hz 8 000 Hz
8 20 20 20 20 20 20
a 插入損失按照ISO 7235測量。
圖101 抽氣裝置的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測試負(fù)載
附錄
GB/T 4214.1—2017的附錄除下述內(nèi)容外,均適用。
附錄 A
(規(guī)范性附錄)
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測試臺(tái)
GB/T 4214.1—2017的本附錄不適用。
參考文獻(xiàn)
GB/T 4214.1—2017的參考文獻(xiàn)除下述內(nèi)容外,均適用。
增加:
[1] IEC 60350:1999 Electric cooking ranges, hobs, ovens and grills for household use—Methods for measuring performance
第一增補(bǔ)件(2005)
第二增補(bǔ)件(2008)
[2] IEC 60705:2010 Household microwave ovens—Methods for measuring performance
[3] CISPR 11:2009 Industrial, scientific and medical equipment—Radio-frequency disturbance characteristics—Limits and methods of measurement