Foreword
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This document is drafted in accordance with GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for standardization - Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents.
This document is Part 19 of GB/T 2900 Electrotechnical terminology. More than 100 parts have been issued in GB/T 2900.
This document replaces GB/T 2900.19-2009 Electrotechnical terminology - High-voltage test technique and insulation co-ordination. In addition to structural adjustments and editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect GB/T 2900.19-2009:
——The following terms and definitions are added: rated voltage for d.c. equipment (see 3.1.7), nominal d.c. voltage (see 3.1.9), highest d.c voltage (see 3.1.10), non-disruptive discharge (see 3.1.12.6), corona (see 3.1.14), leakage current (see 3.1.15), dielectric dissipation factor (see 3.1.16), insulation resistance (see 3.1.17), altitude correction factor (see 3.1.21.4), standard withstand voltage test (see 3.2.2.1), prospective characteristics of a test voltage (see 3.2.2.1), actual characteristics of a test voltage (see 3.2.2.2), withstand voltage of a test object (see 3.2.2.3), assured disruptive discharge voltage of a test object (see 3.2.2.4), and co-ordination withstand voltage (see 3.3.21);
——The following terms and definitions are modified: high-voltage techniques (see 3.1.1; 2.1 of Edition 1994), equipment for electric power transmission and distribution (see 3.1.3; 2.3 of Edition 1994), nominal voltage of a three-phase system (see 3.1.4; 2.4 of Edition 1994), highest voltage of a three-phase system (see 3.1.5; 2.5 of Edition 1994), rated voltage for equipment (see 3.1.6; 2.6 of Edition 1994), highest voltage of equipment (see 3.1.8; 2.7 of Edition 1994), voltage stress (see 3.1.11; 2.10 of Edition 1994), disruptive discharge (see 3.1.12.1; 4.4 of Edition 1994), flashover (see 3.1.12.2; 4.1 of Edition 1994), spark discharge (see 3.1.12.3; 4.2 of Edition 1994), puncture (see 3.1.12.4; 4.3 of Edition 1994), withstand voltage (set and statistical) (see 3.3.20; 3.38 of Edition 1994), and measuring system (see 3.4.2; 5.2 of Edition 1994);
——The following terms and definitions are deleted: standard impulse current (see 4.36 of Edition 1994), local discharge capacity (see 4.53 of Edition 1994), cascade power-frequency test transformer (see 5.1.2 of Edition 1994), power frequency resonant testing transformer (see 5.1.3 of Edition 1994), digital photographic system (see 5.2.8 of Edition 1994) and (screen) memory oscilloscope (see 5.3.5 of Edition 1994).
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Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document was proposed by the China Electrical Equipment Industry Association.
This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on High Voltage Test Techniques and Insulation Coordination of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/ TC 163).
The previous editions of this document are as follows:
——This standard was firstly issued with the code of GB/T 2900.19-1982; firstly revised in 1994;
——This is the second revision.
Introduction
GB/T 2900 Electrotechnical terminology includes a list of parts. The purpose of developing electrotechnical terminology standards is to provide accurate, concise and correct definitions of concepts recognized in the fields of electrics, electronics and telecommunications, and to designate the terms expressing such concepts. The "standardization-oriented” development of electrotechnical terminology standards aims to help standard writers to prepare standards, help users understand and implement them, and also help translators to translate normative (and more generally technical) texts. The purpose of defining electrotechnical terms is not to cover all the terms used in all kinds of electrical technical standards, but to define general terms related to electrical technology.
This document is Part 19 of GB/T 2900. This document is formulated for standardizing the electrotechnical terms, related to high voltage test technology and insulation coordination, used in standards, technical documents, professional manuals, teaching materials, books and periodicals, etc. It will serve the personnel engaged in departments of scientific research, design, production, teaching, publishing and others in relevant fields.
Electrotechnical terminology - High-voltage test technique and insulation co-ordination
1 Scope
This document defines the relevant terms used in the fields of high voltage test technique and insulation co-ordination.
This document is applicable to the scientific and technical fields related to high voltage test technique and insulation co-ordination involved with three-phase a.c. systems with a nominal voltage above 1 kV and d.c. systems with a nominal voltage above 1.5 kV.
2 Normative references
No normative reference is included in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 General terms
3.1.1
high-voltage techniques
techniques relevant to high voltage, strong electric field, insulation, over-voltage and insulation co-ordination, high voltage test and others in high voltage applications
3.1.2
high-voltage electric power equipment
general name of high-voltage equipment for power generation, transmission and distribution in a power system
3.1.3
equipment for electric power transmission and distribution
general name of power equipment and materials used for power transmission and distribution and ones for control, measurement and protection of such power equipment in a power system
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3.1.4
nominal voltage of a three-phase system
Un
suitable, approximate voltage value used to represent or identify the interphase voltage (r.m.s.) of a three-phase system
3.1.5
highest voltage of a three-phase system
Us
r.m.s. value of the highest interphase operating voltage at any point in a three-phase system at any time under normal operating conditions
3.1.6
rated voltage for a.c. equipment
interphase voltage (r.m.s.) marked on equipment and related to certain operating characteristics of a system
Note: For the equipment that this definition is not applicable to, the definition of this term is specified in an applicable professional standard.
3.1.7
rated voltage for d.c. equipment
d.c. voltage marked on equipment and related to certain operating characteristics of a system
Note: This definition is not applicable to d.c. arrester equipment.
3.1.8
highest voltage for a.c. equipment
r.m.s. value of the highest interphase voltage designed according to the insulation of the equipment and other characteristics related to the equipment standards associated with it
Note: This voltage may be continuously applied to the equipment under the normal operating conditions as specified by the relevant technical committee.
3.1.9
nominal d.c. voltage
average value of d.c. voltage required to transmit nominal power at a nominal current
3.1.10
highest d.c. voltage
highest d.c. voltage withstood by the equipment during continuous operation considering insulation and other characteristics
3.1.11
voltage stress
any single or set of voltages applied to an insulation configuration terminal
Note 1: For two-terminal insulation configurations, such as phase-to-earth insulation configurations, it is characterized by the peak value (or r.m.s value or average value) and the waveform.
Note 2: For three-terminal insulation configurations (the voltage stress includes two phase-to-earth voltages), such as phase-to-phase insulation configurations and longitudinal insulation configurations, it consists of two relative ground voltages, it is characterized by the peak value of the two components, the waveform and the difference between the two peak times.
Note 3: When the peak times of the two components do not coincide, the combined voltage is fully characterized by the following data:
a) the peak moment of a component, the instantaneous value of the other component;
b) the combined voltage peak value and the instantaneous value of the components at the time of the combined voltage peak value, when different from the foregoing case.
Foreword I
Introduction III
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
3.1 General terms
3.2 High-voltage test technique
3.3 Overvoltage and insulation co-ordination
3.4 High-voltage test equipment and measuring system
Bibliography
Index
Figure 1 Full lightning impulse voltage
Figure 2 Front-chopped lightning impulse voltage
Figure 3 Tail-chopped lightning impulse
Figure 4 Linearly rising front-chopped impulse
Figure 5 Voltage/time curve for impulse voltage of constant prospective shape
Figure 6 Full switching impulse
Figure 7 Exponential impulse current
Figure 8 Estimation of risk of failure of the insulation
前言
本文件按照GB/T 1.1-2020《標準化工作導則 第1部分:標準化文件的結構和起草規則》的規定起草。
本文件是GB/T 2900《電工術語》的第19部分。GB/T 2900已經發布了100多個部分。
本文件代替GB/T 2900,19-1994《電工術語高電壓試驗技術和絕緣配合》,與GB/T 2900,19-1994 相比﹐除結構調整和編輯性改動外,主要技術變化如下:
——增加了直流設備額定電壓(見3.1.7)、標稱直流電壓(見3.1.9)、最高直流電壓(見3.1.10)、非破壞性放電(見3.1.12.6)、電暈(見3.1.14)、泄漏電流(見3.1.15)、介質損耗因數(見3.1.16)、絕緣電阻(見3.1.17),海拔修正因數(見 3.1.21.4)、標準耐受電壓試驗(見3.2.1)、試驗電壓的預期特性(見3.2.2.1),試驗電壓的實際特性(見3.2.2.2)、試品的耐受電壓(見3.2.2.3)、試品的確保破壞性放電電壓(見3.2.2.4)配合耐受電壓(見3.3.21)等術語與定義﹔
——修改了高電壓技術(見 3.1.1,1994年版的2.1)、輸變電設備(見3.1.3,1994年版的2.3)、三相系統的標稱電壓(見 3.1.4,1994年版的2.4)、三相系統的最高電壓(見3.1.5,1994年版的2.5)、設備額定電壓(見3.1.6,1994年版的2.6),設備最高電壓(見3.1.8,1994年版的2.7)、作用電壓(見3.1.11,1994 年版的2.10),破壞性放電<來、3.i,12.1,1994年版的4.4),閃絡(見3.1.12.2，1994年版的4.1)、火花放電(見3.1.12.3,109小年版的4.2),擊穿(見 3.1.12.4,1994 年版的4.3)、耐受電壓(設定和統計的)(見 3.3.2，1994年版的3.38)、測量系統(見3.4.2,1994年版的5.2)等術語與定義﹔
——刪除了標準沖擊電流(見1994.集版的4.36),局部放電量(見1994年版的4.53)、串級工頻試驗變壓器(見1994年版的5.1.2火工頻諧振試驗變壓器(見1994年版的5.1.3)、數字化照相系統(見1994年版的5.2.8)、(屏幕)記憶示波器(見1994年版的5.3.5)等術語與定義。
請注意本文件的某些內容可能涉及專利。本文件的發布機構不承擔識別專利的責任。本文件由中國電器工業協會提出。
本文件由全國高電壓試驗技術和絕緣配合標準化技術委員會(SAC/TC 163)歸口。
本文件及其所代替文件的歷次版本發布情況為﹔
——1982年首次發布為GB/T 2900.19-1982、1994 年第一次修訂﹔
——本次為第二次修訂。
引言
GB/T 2900《電工術語》分為若干部分,制定電工術語標準的目的是對電工、電子和電信領域中認可的概念提供準確,簡潔和正確的定義并借以命名表述該概念的術語。電工術語標準的制定是"面向標準化的”,旨在幫助標準編寫人員制定標準,并幫助標準的使用者理解和執行標準,而且對于規范性(以及更一般的技術性)的文本的翻譯人員也有幫助。制定電工術語的目的不是要包攬各種電氣技術標準中使用的全部術語,而是制定電氣技術的通用術語。
本文件是GB/T 2900 的第19部分。本文件為規范制定標準、技術文件、專業手冊,教材和書刊等資料中高電壓試驗技術和絕緣配合方面的電工術語而制定,可供相關專業的科研,設計、生產,教學及出版等有關部門的人員使用。
1范圍
本文件界定了高電壓試驗技術和絕緣配合領域使用的相關術語。
本文件適用于標稱電壓在1kV以上的三相交流系統、1.5 kV以上的直流系統所涉及的高電壓試驗技術和絕緣配合相關的科學技術領域。
2規范性引用文件
本文件沒有規范性引用文件。
3術語和定義
下列術語和定義適用于本文件。
校
3.1通用術語
3.1.1
高電壓技術high-voltage techniques
高電壓下有關高電壓,強電場、絕緣;過電壓和絕緣配合以及高電壓試驗等技術。
3.1.2
高壓電力設備high-voltage electric power equipment電力系統中,發電,輸變電和配電用高壓設備的總稱。
3.1.3
輸配電設備equipment for electric power transmission and distribution
電力系統中用于輸送、分配電能及相應的控制,測量、保護電力系統所用的電力設備和器材的總稱。
3.1.4
三相系統的標稱電壓nominal voltage of a three-phase systemUn
用于表示或識別三相系統的相間電壓(有效值)的合適而近似的電壓值。
3.1.5
三相系統的最高電壓highest voltage of a three-phase systemU.
在正常運行條件下,三相系統中任一點在任一時刻所出現的相間最高運行電壓的有效值。3.1.6
交流設備額定電壓rated voltage for a.c. equipment
設備上所標志的,并與系統某些運行特性有關的相間電壓(有效值)。
注:對不適用于采用本定義的設備,由有關專業標準中規定。
參考文獻
