標準編號:	GB/T 22704-2019
中文名稱:	提高機械安全性的兒童服裝設計和生產實施規范
英文名稱:	Code of practice for the design and manufacture of children's clothing to promote mechanical safety
中標分類:	Y75    服裝、鞋、帽綜合
行業分類:	GB    國家標準
ICS分類:	61.020 61.020    服裝 61.020
發布機構:	國家市場監督管理總局 國家標準化管理委員會
發布日期:	2019-10-18
實施日期:	2020-5-1
標準狀態:	valid
替代舊標準:	GB/T 22704-2008 提高機械安全性的兒童服裝設計和生產實施規范
翻譯語言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符數:	27000 字
翻譯價格(元):	1890.0
交付時間:	付款后 1 個工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard replaces GB/T 22704-2008 Code of practice for the design and manufacture of children’s clothing to promote mechanical safety. Compared with GB/T 22704-2008, the main technical changes are as follows: —The scope of the standard has been modified and supplemented (see Clause 1; Clause 1 of 2008 Edition); —The normative references have been modified and supplemented (see Clause 2; Clause 2 of 2008 Edition); —The terms of “filling material”, “foreign object”, “risk assessment”, “mechanical hazard”, and “touch and close fastener” have been modified and supplemented, the terms and definitions of “baby and infant”, “child and young person”, “pom-pom”, “tassel”, “tab”, “applique”, “label”, “magnet” and “magnetic component” have been introduced (see Clause 3; Clause 3 of the 2008 Edition); —The data on mechanical hazards and associated risks have been modified and supplemented (see Clause 4; Annex of 2008 Edition); —Requirements of risk assessment have been introduced (see Clause 5); —The general for garment design, materials and construction have been modified and supplemented (see 6.1; 5.1 of 2008 Edition); —The requirements for design have been modified and supplemented (see 6.2; Clause 4 of Edition 2008); —The requirements for fabrics have been modified and supplemented (see 6.3; 5.2 of 2008 Edition); —The requirements for filling materials have been modified and supplemented (see 6.4; 5.3 of 2008 Edition); —The requirements for sewing threads have been modified and supplemented (see 6.5; 5.4 of 2008 Edition); —An overview of attachments has been introduced (see 6.6.1); —The requirements for buttons have been modified and supplemented (see 6.6.2; 5.5.1 of 2008 Edition); —Methods for selection of snaps and similar components have been introduced (see 6.6.3); —The requirements for fabric embellishments, including bows, ties and labels, have been modified (see 6.6.4; 6.2 of 2008 Edition); —Requirements for rubber or soft plastic embellishments have been introduced (see 6.6.5); —Requirements for pom-poms and tassels have been introduced (see 6.6.6); —Requirements for sequins, beads and similar components have been introduced (see 6.6.7); —Requirements for diamantés and heat fused components have been introduced (see 6.6.8); —Requirements for motifs, drawings and labels have been introduced (see 6.6.9); —Requirements for magnets have been introduced (see 6.6.10); —The requirements for elastics have been modified and supplemented (see 6.7; 5.7 and 6.7 of 2008 Edition); —Requirements for touch and close fasteners have been introduced (see 6.8); —The requirements for slide fasteners have been modified and supplemented (see 6.9; 5.6 and 6.8 of 2008 Edition); —The requirements for drawstrings, cords, ribbons and bows have been modified (see 6.10; 6.2 of 2008 Edition); —Requirements for embroideries and appliques have been introduced (see 6.11); —The requirements for footed garments have been supplemented (see 6.12; 6.4 of 2008 Edition); —The requirements for hoods have been modified and supplemented (see 6.13; 6.5 of 2008 Edition); —The requirements for elastics in production process have been modified (see 7.2; 7.2 of 2008 Edition); —The requirements for sharp objects have been modified (see 7.3; 7.3 of 2008 Edition); —Requirements for needles and pins have been introduced (see 7.3.2); —The requirements for sewing needle control procedures have been modified and supplemented (see 7.3.3; 7.4.1 of 2008 Edition); —The requirements for knitting machine needles, linking points and tag gun needles have been modified and supplemented (see 7.3.4; 7.4.3 of 2008 Edition); —Requirements for scissors, pliers and other sharp tools have been introduced (see 7.3.5); —The requirements for metal contamination have been modified and supplemented (see 7.4; 7.5 of 2008 Edition); —The requirements for machine applied fasteners have been modified and supplemented (see 7.6; 7.7 of 2008 Edition); —Requirements for stone washing process has been introduced (see 7.7); —The requirements for filling material have been modified (see 7.8; 7.8 of 2008 Edition); —Requirements for glued components and heat fused components have been introduced (see 7.9); —The requirements for attachments have been modified and supplemented (see 8.2; 8.2 of 2008 Edition); —The requirements for foreign objects have been supplemented (see 8.4; 8.4 of 2008 Edition); —The handling of rejected garments have been modified and supplemented (see 8.5; 8.5 of 2008 Edition); —Requirements for documentation and traceability in production have been introduced (see 8.6); —Requirements for packaging have been introduced (see Clause 9); —Requirements for labeling and display have been introduced (see Clause 10); —Annex A “Method for determination of removal force of attached components” has been modified and supplemented (see Annex A; Annex B of 2008 Edition); —Annex B “Method for determination of small components” has been introduced (see Annex B); —The requirements in “Method for determination of button strength” of Annex C have been modified (see Annex C; Annex C of 2008 Edition). This standard was proposed by China National Textile and Apparel Council. This standard is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Garments of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 219). The previous edition of this standard is as follows: —GB/T 22704-2008. ? Introduction The need for exploration and challenge, and the unawareness of cause and effect drive children to use items in new and different ways, they are therefore substantially less cautious than adults in relation to hazards. This standard is intended for use at all stages of the clothing supply chain, including use by designers, specifiers and manufacturers of children’s clothing to improve the mechanical safety in the design and manufacture of children's clothing. It is also intended to be used by importers, distributors and retailers to assist them in the selection of clothing that does not present a mechanical hazard. Code of practice for the design and manufacture of children's clothing to promote mechanical safety 1 Scope This standard specifies terms and definitions, mechanical hazards and risks, risk assessment, garment design, materials and construction, manufacture, inspection and testing of materials and garment, packaging, tagging and display for the design and manufacture of clothing for children up to 14 years of age. This standard is applicable to the design and manufacture of clothing for children up to 14 years of age, and should be adopted from the design stage. This standard does not apply to: —child care articles, such as bibs, nappies and soother holders; —footwear, such as boots and shoes; —toys and other items sold with the clothing. —clothing with features designed to cater for children with special needs. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB 6529 Textiles—Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing GB/T 8629-2017 Textiles—Domestic washing and drying procedures for textile testing GB/T 8685 Textiles—Care labeling code using symbols GB/T 15557 Standard terminology relating to apparel GB/T 18746 Zipper terminology GB/T 22705 Safety specifications for cords and drawstrings on children’s clothing GB/T 28490 Button classification and terminology QB/T 2171 Metal zipper QB/T 2172 Injection molded zipper QB/T 2173 Nylon zipper 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 15557, GB/T 18746, GB/T 22705 and GB/T 28490, as well as the following, apply. 3.1 baby and infant children aged 36 months and below Note: These generally refer to children 100 cm tall or less. 3.2 child and young person children between the ages of 36 months (exclusive) and 14 years (inclusive) Note: These generally refer to children between the heights of 100 cm and 155 cm for girls and between the heights of 100 cm and 160 cm for boys. 3.3 filling material material which is encased in fabric to form part of the structure of a garment Note: Filling materials include waddings, foams and feathers. 3.4 wear trial trial of a garment involving wear by intended users in order to obtain information on the wear performance and characteristics of the garment 3.5 foreign object object not intended to be a part of a garment Note: For example, broken needles, stones, etc. 3.6 pom-pom ball created either from cut lengths of thread or yarn fastened at the center, or from a piece of fabric filled with wadding Note: Pom-poms can be secured directly to a garment or attached by means of a cord. 3.7 tassel bundle of lengths of yarn or other materials fastened at one end and free at the other end Note: Tassels can be secured directly to a garment or attached by means of a cord. 3.8 tab piece of textile or other material, of flat or looped construction, attached to the outside of a garment either for identification or for decorative purposes Note: These are distinct from adjusting tabs, which are defined in GB/T 22705. 3.9 touch and close fastener fastener consisting of two hooked and looped fabric tapes which fasten or bind by pressing the pile sides of the two tapes together and which can be unfastened by peeling apart the two tapes Note: It is also known as “hook and loop fastener”. 3.10 applique ornamental needlework in which pieces or patch of fabric are sewn or stuck onto a surface to form a picture or pattern Note: Materials of different types and/or colors are usually used for this purpose. 3.11 motif decorative element usually made of fabric, sewn or stuck onto a garment, or directly crocheted with yarns Note: Printing design that directly applies coating to fabric is not included. 3.12 label marking made of fabric, plastic or other similar materials, attached to a garment to provide instructions for use, product information or brand identification 3.13 repeated aftercare a series of aftercare treatments conforming to the care label, reflecting the usage and service life of the garment 3.14 hazard potential source of harm to the wearer of a garment 3.15 risk combination of the probability of occurrence of a hazard and the severity of the harm which that hazard could be expected to cause 3.16 risk assessment thorough evaluation of the risks that a garment could present to the wearer as a result of the design, materials, components and construction of the garment 3.17 mechanical hazard potential factor consisting of non-physical- and -chemical properties of a garment, which can cause such harms as misstep, slip, fall, choke, vomit, tangle, laceration, restricted blood circulation, suffocation and strangulation to the wearer 3.18 ischemic injury injury to a part of the body resulting from a restriction of blood circulation 3.19 sharp object object with one or more edges or points which are exposed, or which could become exposed, and which are likely to cause a cutting or piercing injury to the wearer of a garment Note: Sharp objects usually include sharp tips and sharp edges. 3.20 magnet piece of iron, steel or alloy having the properties of attracting or repelling iron 3.21 magnetic material material capable of being attracted by, or acquiring the properties of, a magnet 4 Mechanical hazards and associated risks 4.1 Ischemic injury Ischemic injuries can be caused by restricted blood circulation due to loose or untrimmed threads on the foot or hand area of garments becoming wrapped around fingers or toes, or by entrapment of fingers or toes in open fabrics (e.g. crochet) or in fabrics with long float stitches. Some large and hard holes in elements such as buttons, snap fasteners, eyelets and zippers may entrap the tongue or fingers. This causes a tourniquet effect, thus restricting the blood circulation. This is a particular concern in babywear design for babies and infants aged up to 12 months as the source of distress cannot be communicated by the baby and might go undetected for some time. In addition, areas of skin or parts of the genitalia can protrude through a mesh fabric used as a lining for swimming trunks. This poses a risk of entrapment in the mesh leading to ischemic injury. Elasticated cuffs can also cause a reduction in blood flow to the hands or feet if the elastic is too tight or too strong; this is a particular concern in babywear design for babies and infants aged up to 12 months. 4.2 Entrapment in a slide fastener All boys’ trousers that have a slide fastener present a risk of entrapment of the penis in the fastener. Although reducing the use of slide fasteners can eliminate such risk, this is not a long-term and practical resolution. Manufacturers should make more technological innovations to improve the mechanical safety of children's clothing. 4.3 Injuries from sharp objects Injuries to children can be caused by clothing which contains sharp objects. The severity of the injury can range from a scratch or irritation to a more serious piercing injury and cut injury. Injuries can be caused by components with accessible sharp points, which are sometimes found on buttons, slide fasteners and decorative features, or by accessible sharp edges which are produced through the deterioration of components during the wear and aftercare lifecycle of the garment. Pins, staples and other sharp objects used in the manufacture and packaging of clothing can also cause serious injury if they are left in the garment. 4.4 Choking and aspiration Buttons, toggles, motifs and many other garment attachments (including rubber and soft plastics items, such as badges) can be a potential hazard, particularly to babies and infants, if the item becomes detached from the garment. As young children are known to place such items in their mouth, and might also insert them into their nose or ears, any foreign object found in a child’s garment can present a risk of either choking or aspiration. Stones left as a residue from a stone-washing process can present the same risks. Aspiration (where items are inhaled via the mouth or nose) is possible if detached parts are sufficiently small to pass into the trachea and lungs, for example beads, diamantés and sequins. Often these items might not be detected, as their chemical nature means they are unlikely to be identified by X-ray. The foreign body can cause toxic shock or lead to an infection, the source of which might not be readily identified. This can result in rapid and unexplained weight loss requiring hospitalization. This is rarely happened. 4.5 Swallowing In most cases a detached item that has been swallowed will pass into the stomach and should eventually pass through the body with food without causing harm. Notable exceptions are sharp objects, button batteries and magnets.

Foreword i Introduction v 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Mechanical hazards and associated risks 5 Risk assessment 6 Garment design, materials and construction 7 Manufacture 8 Inspection and testing of materials and clothing 9 Packaging 10 Tagging and display Annex A (Normative) Method for determination of removal force of attached components Annex B (Normative) Method for determination of small components Annex C (Normative) Method for determination of button strength Annex D (Normative) Method for determination of secure performance of snap fastener Bibliography

提高機械安全性的兒童服裝設計和生產實施規范 1 范圍 本標準規定了14周歲及以下嬰幼兒和兒童服裝設計和生產的術語和定義、機械性危險和風險、風險評估、服裝設計、材料和結構、生產、材料、服裝的檢驗和測試、包裝、標簽和陳列。 本標準適用于14周歲及以下嬰幼兒和兒童穿著服裝的設計和生產，宜從設計階段開始采用。 本標準不適用于以下方面： ——兒童護理用品，如圍嘴、尿布和奶嘴拉袢； ——鞋子、靴子和鞋子類似物品； ——與服裝一起銷售的玩具等物品； ——滿足特殊兒童需求而設計的功能性服裝。 2規范性引用文件 下列文件對于本文件的應用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，僅注日期的版本適用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。 GB/T 6529 紡織品 調濕和試驗用標準大氣 GB/T 8629—2017 紡織品 試驗用家庭洗滌和干燥程序 GB/T 8G85 紡織品 維護標簽規范 符號法 GB/T 15557 服裝術語 GB/T 18746 拉鏈術語 GB/T 22705 童裝繩索和拉帶安全要求 GB/T 28490 鈕扣分類及術語 QB/T 2171 金屬拉鏈 QB/T 2172 注塑拉鏈 QB/T 2173 尼龍拉鏈 3術語和定義 GB/T 15557、GB/T 18746、GB/T 22705和GB/T 28490界定的以及下列術語和定義適用于本文件。 3.1 嬰幼兒baby and infant 年齡在36個月及以下的孩子。 注：一般指身高100 cm及以下的孩子。 3.2 兒童 child and young person 年齡在36個月以上至14周歲及以下的孩子。 注：一般指所有身高在100 cm以上、155 cm及以下的女孩和身高在100 cm以上、160 cm及以下的男孩。 3.3 填充物 filling material 被包裹在織物內而構成服裝組成部分的材料。 注：包括絮用纖維、泡沫、羽絨羽毛等。 3.4 穿衣試驗wear trial 通過目標穿著者對服裝進行試穿以獲得服裝穿著性能和特征信息的活動。 3.5 異物 foreign objects 不屬于服裝產品本身的部件。 注：例如斷針、石頭等。 3.6 絨球pom-pom 由一定長度的紗線固定在一起或由填充物填充的織物制成的球狀部件。 注：絨球可以直接固定在服裝上，也可以借助繩子固定。 3.7 流蘇tassel 一端固定，另一端自由，由一束有一定長度的紗線或其他材料制成的部件。 注：流蘇可以直接固定在服裝上，也可以借助繩子固定。 3.8 搭袢tab 由紡織品或其他材料制成的，附著在服裝的外面起識別或裝飾作用的平面或環形結構。 注：不同于GB/T 22705定義的可調節搭袢。 3.9 粘扣帶touch and close fastener 由勾面和絨面的帶子組成的部件，通過將勾面和絨面壓合起到固定作用，剝離勾面和絨面而解開。 注：亦稱魔術貼。 3.10 貼布繡 applique 在材料表面剪貼、縫繡圖案或形狀，起裝飾作用。 注：通常選用不同類型和/或色調的材料。 3.11 花邊motif 通常由面料制成，縫在服裝上或粘在服裝上，或由紗線直接鉤織的裝飾性部件。 注：不包括直接將涂層涂覆到織物上的印花設計。 3.12 標簽label 由織物、塑料或其他類似物制成，附在服裝上，提供使用說明、產品信息或品牌的標識。 3.13 重復后整理repeated aftercare 符合維護標簽的一系列后整理處理，反映了服裝的用途和使用年限。 3.14 危險hazard 對穿著者構成傷害的潛在因素。 3.15 風險risk 對穿著者造成傷害的危險發生的可能性和可能造成的傷害的嚴重程度的組合。 3.16 風險評估 risk assessment 對服裝設計、結構、材料或部件可能對最終使用者產生的風險的全面評估。 3.17 機械性危險mechanical hazard 由服裝非理化性能構成的，對穿著者構成失足、滑倒、摔倒、哽塞、嘔吐、纏絆、裂傷、血液循環受阻、窒息傷亡、勒死等傷害的潛在因素。 3.18 局部缺血性傷害ischemic injuries 由于血液循環受阻引起對身體部位的傷害。 3.19 尖銳物體sharp objects 穿著時物體的邊或角已經暴露或可能會暴露，并對穿著者造成刺傷或刮傷的物件。 注：通常包括銳利尖端、銳利邊緣。 3.20 磁鐵 magnet 具有吸引或排斥鐵的性能的鐵、鋼、合金材料。 3.21 磁性材料 magnetic material 可以吸引磁鐵或可以獲得其吸引性能的材料。 4機械性危險和風險 4.1局部缺血性傷害 在人體足部或手部區域的松散、未修剪的繩線，以及有孔洞的織物(如鉤針編織物)或有長浮線的織物，會包纏手指或腳趾，可能阻礙血液循環，造成局部缺血性傷害。例如鈕扣、四合扣、氣眼和拉鏈等部件，其中一些大而硬的孔洞可能卡住舌頭或手指，會引起止血帶效應，阻礙血液循環。尤其是設計12個月及以下嬰幼兒服裝時，由于他們無法描述痛苦來源，可能使這種危害短時間內不易被察覺。此外，若泳褲的襯里使用的網眼織物，可能使皮膚或生殖器鉆入，則會存在勾纏的風險，引起局部缺血性傷害。為12個月及以下的嬰幼兒設計服裝時應注意，褲口、袖口的松緊帶太緊或太硬可能會阻礙足部或手部血液循環。 4.2拉鏈引起的夾持事故 帶有拉鏈的男褲易造成嬰幼兒和兒童生殖器被拉鏈鏈牙夾住，雖然減少拉鏈的使用可消除危險，但不是長久、實用的方法。企業宜在工藝上更多創新，提高嬰幼兒和兒童服裝機械安全性能。 4.3尖銳物體傷害 包含尖銳物體的服裝可能會對嬰幼兒和兒童造成擦傷、皮膚炎癥或更嚴重的刺傷、劃傷等傷害。鈕扣、拉鏈或裝飾物上的可觸及的銳利尖端、穿著或后整理過程中部件磨損產生的銳利邊緣都會對穿著者造成傷害。服裝生產、包裝過程中使用的釘、斷針或其他尖銳物體，如果殘留在服裝中，也會給消費者帶來嚴重傷害。 4.4哽塞和吸入 鈕扣、套環、花邊及其他附件(包括橡膠和軟塑料制品，如徽章)與服裝脫離，可能會給兒童，特別是嬰幼兒帶來危害。幼童把類似服裝部件放入嘴里、鼻子、耳朵，會造成哽塞或吸入的危險。石洗工序中的殘渣也會帶來相同的風險。珠子、水鉆和亮片等這些小部件，脫落后可能會進入氣管和肺，導致吸入(通過口鼻吸入物品)危險。由于這些物體的化學特性，不易被x射線識別，所以通常很難被檢測出來。由異物引起的中毒性休克或感染，難以辨別病源，可能會導致體重銳減、住院治療。這種情況較為罕見。 4.5吞咽 大多數情況下服裝上的脫離的附件被吞到胃里最終會隨著食物排出體外，而不會造成傷害，但鋒利的物體、鈕扣電池和磁鐵除外。 4.6勒傷、勾住和纏絆 帶有繩索、拉帶的服裝易導致勒傷、勾住和纏絆等傷害。盡量避免使用非功能性繩索，功能性繩索可由安全的設計元素代替。繩帶末端的堅硬部件，例如套環或鈴鐺等，可能會增加纏絆的危險，尤其是嬰幼兒和兒童服裝，與成年人領帶類似的傳統領帶易產生勒傷和纏絆的危險。 4.7視力、聽力受限 帶有風帽和某些種類頭套的服裝會影響到嬰幼兒和兒童視力或聽力，增加發生事故的可能性，特別是操場事故、交通事故。 4.8 窒息 童裝引起的窒息事件較少，但是服裝上的不透氣材料制成的風帽可能對12個月及以下的嬰幼兒存在窒息的風險。 4.9絆倒和摔倒 大多數絆倒和摔倒是因為服裝不合體，可能是服裝選擇不當或號型尺寸不正確。腰帶或繩索太長、學步嬰幼兒只穿襪子或連腳服裝也會導致絆倒和摔倒。 4.10 過熱 由于他們通過頭部散失85％的多余熱量，嬰兒猝死綜合征的研究發現，過熱是導致12個月及以下的嬰幼兒睡眠中不明原因死亡或猝死的主要原因。有證據表明，12個月及以下的嬰幼兒在睡覺時穿著耐熱衣物或穿了過多的衣服或蓋了過多的被子都會導致過熱。避免過熱的最佳方式是睡衣上不帶風帽，尤其是夜間睡衣。 4.11磁性部件 如果攝入多個磁鐵，或同時攝入一個磁鐵和鐵磁物體(例如鐵或鎳)，異物間隔著腸壁相互吸引會導致穿孔或堵塞，可能會威脅生命，且會對起搏器或注入泵等設備產生磁性干擾。 5風險評估 5.1 僅涉及機械安全。進行全面的風險評估時，需要考慮許多與嬰幼兒和兒童服裝有關的其他安全方面的問題，包括化學安全、熱防護(防熱或防冷)、過敏反應、易燃性和太陽輻射防護(防曬)。 5.2所有消費品在正常和可預見的使用中應是安全的。 5.3風險評估宜貫穿于生產過程中從設計、生產到銷售的各個階段。包括所有與設計、生產、購買和銷售服裝有關的人員之間的信息交流，以確保售出的服裝符合機械安全的要求。 5.4風險評估的主要階段如下： a)識別危險； b)識別與每種危險有關的風險； c)盡可能地去除危險； d)對于那些不能消除的危險，采取行動將相關的風險降低到可接受的水平。 5.5如果發現服裝設計的某個方面存在風險，應考慮放棄或使用更安全的技術來獲得相同的效果。 5.6在生產階段消除危險并降低風險的措施有： a)采用先進、更安全的技術； b)制定一個連貫一致的全面預防體系，涵蓋技術、生產組織與工作環境的控制，例如縫紉針(手縫針和縫紉機針)控制程序，見7.3.3，限制針和釘的使用； c)實施生產管理體系，以避免或降低風險，包括給予雇員適當的指導，例如正確的斷針處理程序。 5.7宜對所有的服裝都進行風險評估，包括服裝的各個尺碼。風險評估時考慮因素如下： a)目標穿著者的年齡； b)目標年齡段內嬰幼兒和兒童的特征以及穿著服裝時會發生的情況，包括： 1)孩子的體重和身高； 2)與特定危險有關的人體測量，例如有彈性袖口的服裝需要測量腕圍； 3)該年齡段內的能力； 4)孩子的日常行為； 5)穿著服裝時的情況； 6)穿著服裝時孩子所處的正常監護水平。例如，對于12個月及以下的嬰幼兒，在睡眠中可能無人監護，醒來后可能仍無人監護。 5.8風險評估時，牢記7周歲及以下的嬰幼兒和兒童難以意識風險，且行為難以預測。 5.9風險評估宜進行存檔。文件應清晰地注明日期以便于追溯，注明評估人的姓名和職位。至少每年宜進行一次風險評估，并且長期運作，必要時采取進一步措施降低風險。 5.10穿衣試驗不應作為確定服裝是否安全的風險評估的一部分進行。若之前未發現或已意識到的安全問題在穿衣試驗中變得明顯，則穿衣試驗應立即停止，重新進行風險評估。 6服裝設計、材料和結構 6.1 要求 6.1.1 服裝材料和部件應從質量有保證的生產商處采購。 6.1.2 服裝設計應以相關年齡組兒童的人體測量數據為基礎。 6.1.3 按照GB/T 8685的規定正確標示維護標簽。按照維護標簽進行重復后整理后，部件不被損壞和破裂。評價服裝安全性時需考慮后整理類型和可能的次數。 6.2 設計 6.2.1 總則 6.2.1.1設計師宜按照第5章進行風險評估，還應考慮服裝在各種情況下的機械性危險，見第4章，并采取相應措施降低危險發生的可能性。 6.2.1.2設計師與生產部門之間進行信息交流，保證每個部門了解服裝細節并向其他部門提供足夠的產品信息，合作完成符合機械安全性的服裝。信息交流包括風險評估結果。 6.2.2設計細節 設計師宜事先向生產部門提供完整的產品說明書，可以采用文字、圖片、樣板和/或樣衣的形式，包括： a)服裝的描述； b)服裝用途； c)目標消費對象的年齡； d)服裝全部細節，至少包括： 1)尺寸規格； 2)面料，包括重量和結構； 3)縫線和服裝結構； 4)所有填充材料； 5)所有含松緊帶的區域； 6)所有附件和/或裝飾物的描述、細節、位置和附著方法，可能包括： ·鈕扣或四合扣； ·拉鏈； ·粘扣帶； ·絨球、蝴蝶結或花邊等； ·拉帶和/或繩索等； e)生產過程中洗滌或其他處理工藝，例如石洗工藝； f)風險評估結論，見6.2.1.2。 6.3 織物 6.3.1 作為服裝的組成部分，織物不應對穿著者存在機械性風險。必要時，可改變服裝結構，使所用的織物不會對穿著者造成機械性危險。 6.3.2 選用織物時應特別考慮在服裝上的使用位置、目標消費者年齡、服裝的最終用途，例如： a)洞眼或開口的織物，如鉤針編織物、蕾絲，易勾住手指或其他部位產生局部缺血性傷害，不宜用于12個月及以下的嬰幼兒服裝中。 b)網眼織物，若作為男童游泳褲里料，存在勾纏危險(見4.1)。使用洞眼尺寸小于1.5 mm的柔性織物可降低風險。