Foreword
GB/T 17680 consists of the following 12 parts under the general title Criteria for emergency planning and preparedness for nuclear power plants.
——Part 1: The dividing of emergency planning zone;
——Part 2: Off-site emergency functions and organization;
——Part 3: Functional and physical characteristics of off-site emergency facilities;
——Part 4: The off-site emergency planning and implementing procedures;
——Part 5: Maintenance of offsite emergency response capabilities;
——Part 6: On-site emergency response functions and organizations;
——Part 7: Function and physical characteristics for on-site emergency facilities;
——Part 8: On-site emergency planning and implementing procedures;
——Part 9: Maintenance of on-site emergency response capacity;
——Part 10: Criteria for emergency radiological field monitoring, sampling and analysis conducted by nuclear power plant operating organizations;
——Part 11: Criteria for the conduct of offsite radiological assessment for emergency response;
——Part 12: Planning development conduct and evaluation of nuclear emergency drills and exercises;
This is Part 1 of GB/T 17680.
This part adopts the international general safety criteria for determining the emergency planning zone of nuclear power plants. It also refers to the criteria for dividing the emergency planning zone of nuclear power plants in the United States, Canada, France, and the United Kingdom.
This part replaces GB/T 17680.1-1999 Criteria for emergency planning and preparedness for nuclear power plants - The dividing of emergency planning zone. This revision mainly involves some editorial changes.
The following main changes have been made with respect to GB/T 17680.1-1999:
——The "Foreword" is more complete, clarifying that this part provides the technical basis for dividing the emergency planning zones for nuclear power plants;
——The reference was revised to the current Chinese national standard GB 18871;
——In 4.4 of Clause 4, the requirement that it allows to take into account only releases of radioactive materials to the atmosphere, but not to water, in determining the area of the emergency planning zone is deleted;
——In 6.1.1, the requirement that the thermal power of the unit reactor shall be considered when determining the area of the plume emergency planning zone is added.
This part was proposed by China National Nuclear Corporation.
This part is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Nuclear Energy of Standardization Administration of China.
Drafting organizations of this part: Institute for Standardization of Nuclear Industry, Guangdong Nuclear Power Joint Venture Co., Ltd., Safety and quality department of China National Nuclear Corporation.
Chief drafter of this part: Zhuo Fengguan.
The previous edition of this part is as follows:
——GB/T 17680.1-1999.
Criteria for emergency planning and preparedness for nuclear power plants - Part 1: The dividing of emergency planning zone
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 17680 specifies the general criteria for dividing of emergency plan zone for nuclear power plants and recommends the area of emergency plan zone for PWR nuclear power plants.
This part is applicable to the dividing of emergency plan zone of pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants; this part can be referred to in the dividing of emergency plan area for other reactor-type nuclear power plants.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of GB/T 17680. For dated references, subsequent amendments (excluding corrections) to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply to this part. However parties to agreements based on this part are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB 18871 Basic standards for protection against ionizing radiation and for the safety of radiation sources
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this part of GB/T 17680, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
emergency planning zone
zone which is established in advance around a nuclear power plant and for which an emergency plan has been developed and emergency preparedness has been made, so as to take timely and effective protective actions to protect the public in the event of an accident at the nuclear power plant
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3.2
plume emergency planning zone
emergency planning zone established for plume exposure pathways (such as external exposure by plume immersion, internal exposure by inhalation, and external exposure by ground deposition). This kind of emergency planning zone can be divided into inner and outer zones. In the inner zone, emergency protective actions such as concealment, take stable iodine and emergency evacuation can be taken immediately in the event of an emergency
3.3
ingestion emergency planning zone
emergency planning zone established for ingestion exposure pathways (internal exposure from ingestion of contaminated food and water). However, food and water control is usually not an "emergency" protective measure. The extent to which such an emergency response can be implemented is generally allowed to be determined based on monitoring and sampling analyses carried out after an incident release. These factors shall be fully considered when considering the area of the ingestion emergency planning zone and developing related emergency measures at the emergency planning stage
3.4
design basis accident
accident condition against which specific measures have been taken in the design of the nuclear power plant according to the determined design criteria. Under such accident condition, the release of radioactive materials can be limited to an acceptable limit by properly designed plant facilities
3.5
severe accident
condition of a nuclear power plant that is more serious than the design basis accident, including conditions that cause severe reactor core damage. In such accident conditions, the release of radioactive materials may be out of control and lead to severe radiological consequences beyond acceptable limits. Such accidents are sometimes referred to as "beyond-design-basis accidents"
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Accidents to be considered
5 General methods and safety criteria for determining the area of emergency planning zone
6 Determination of the area coverage and physical boundary of the emergency planning zone
ICS 27.120.20
F 77
GB
中華人民共和國國家標準
GB/T 17680.1—2008
代替GB/T 17680.1—1999
核電廠應急計劃與準備準則
第1部分：應急計劃區(qū)的劃分
Criteria for emergency planning and preparedness
for nuclear power plants—
Part 1: The dividing of emergency planning zone
2008-07-02發(fā)布 2009-04-01實施
中華人民共和國國家質量監(jiān)督檢驗檢疫總局
中國國家標準化管理委員會 發(fā)布
前 言
GB/T 17680《核電廠應急計劃與準備準則》分為12個部分：
——第1部分：應急計劃區(qū)的劃分；
——第2部分：場外應急響應職能與組織機構；
——第3部分：場外應急設施功能與特性；
——第4部分：場外應急計劃與執(zhí)行程序；
——第5部分：場外應急響應能力的保持；
——第6部分：場內急響應職能與組織機構；
——第7部分：場內應急設施功能與特性；
——第8部分：場內應急計劃與執(zhí)行程序；
——第9部分：場內應急響應能力的保持；
——第10部分：核電廠營運單位應急野外輻射監(jiān)測、取樣與分析準則；
——第11部分：應急響應時的場外放射評價準則；
——第12部分：核應急練習與演習的計劃、準備、實施與評估。
——本部分是GB/T 17680的第1部分。
——本部分采用了國際通用的確定核電廠應急計劃區(qū)的一般安全準則，并參考了美國、加拿大、法國和英國等國核電廠應急計劃區(qū)的劃分準則。
——本部分代替GB/T 17680.1—1999《核電廠應急計劃與準備準則 應急計劃區(qū)的劃分》。此次修訂主要是一些編輯性修改。
——本部分與GB/T 17680.1—1999相比主要差別是：
——-前言的內容更為完備，明確了本部分所提供的是劃分核電廠應急計劃區(qū)的技術依據(jù)；
——引用文件修訂為我國正式發(fā)布實施的國家標準GB 18871；
——刪除了第4章原4.4有關確定應急計劃區(qū)的范圍時可以只考慮放射性物質向大氣的釋放而可以不考慮放射性物質向水體的釋放的規(guī)定；
——在6.1.1中，增加了確定煙羽應急計劃區(qū)的范圍時考慮機組反應堆熱功率大小的規(guī)定。
本部分由中國核工業(yè)集團公司提出。
本部分由全國核能標準化技術委員會歸口。
本部分所代替標準的歷次版本發(fā)布情況為：
——GB/T 17680.1—1999。
核電廠應急計劃與準備準則
第1部分：應急計劃區(qū)的劃分
1 范圍
GB/T 17680的本部分規(guī)定了核電廠應急計劃區(qū)的通用劃分準則，推薦了壓水堆核電廠應急計劃區(qū)的范圍。
本部分適用于壓水堆核電廠應急計劃區(qū)的劃分；其他堆型核電廠應急計劃區(qū)的劃分可參照執(zhí)行。
2 規(guī)范性引用文件
下列文件中的條款通過GB/T 17680本部分的引用而成為本部分的條款。凡是注日期的引用文件，其隨后所有的修改單（不包括勘誤的內容）或修訂版均不適用于本部分，然而，鼓勵根據(jù)本部分達成協(xié)議的各方研究是否可使用這些文件的最新版本。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本適用于本部分。
GB 18871 電離輻射防護與輻射源安全基本標準
3 術語和定義
下列術語和定義適用于GB/T 17680的本部分。
3.1
應急計劃區(qū) emergency planning zone
為在核電廠發(fā)生事故時能及時有效地采取保護公眾的防護行動，事先在核電廠周圍建立的、制定了應急計劃并做好應急準備的區(qū)域。
3.2
煙羽應急計劃區(qū) plume emergency planning zone
針對煙羽照射途徑（煙羽浸沒外照射、吸入內照射和地面沉積外照射）而建立的應急計劃區(qū)。這種應急計劃區(qū)又可以分為內、外兩區(qū)，在內區(qū)做好能在緊急情況下立即采取隱蔽、服用穩(wěn)定碘和緊急撤離等緊急防護行動。
3.3
食入應急計劃區(qū) ingestion emergency planning zone
針對食入照射途徑（食入被污染食品和水的內照射）而建立的應急計劃區(qū)。但食品和飲水控制通常不屬于“緊急”防護對策，一般情況下允許根據(jù)事故釋放后所進行的監(jiān)測與取樣分析來確定實施此類應急響應的范圍，在應急計劃階段考慮食入應急計劃區(qū)的范圍和安排有關應急措施時應充分考慮這些因素。
3.4
設計基準事故 design basis accident
核電廠按確定的設計準則在設計中采取了針對性措施的那些事故工況。在這類事故工況下，放射性物質的釋放可由適當設計的電廠設施限制在可接受限值以內。
3.5
嚴重事故 severe accident
嚴重性超過設計基準事故的核電廠狀態(tài)，包括造成堆芯嚴重損壞的狀態(tài)。在這類事故狀態(tài)下，放射性物質的釋放可能失去應有的控制，導致超過可接受限值的嚴重輻射后果。這類事故有時也稱為“超設計基準事故”。
4 應考慮的事故
4.1 確定核電廠應急計劃區(qū)時，既應考慮設計基準事故，也應考慮嚴重事故，以使在所確定的應急計劃區(qū)內所做的應急準備能應對嚴重程度不同的事故后果。
4.2 對于發(fā)生概率極小的事故，在確定核電廠應急計劃區(qū)時可以不予考慮，以免使所確定的應急計劃區(qū)的范圍過大而帶來不合理的經濟負擔。
4.3 應利用國家有關審管部門認可的分析方法與程序來確定所考慮事故的源項與后果。在暫時沒有合適的分析方法與程序可供利用的情況不，可參照利用同類核電廠同類事故的源項數(shù)據(jù)，但應經過論證。
4.4 確定核電廠應急計劃區(qū)時所考慮的事故及其源項應經國家有關審管部門認可。
