GB 4715-2024 Point-type smoke detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization
1 Scope
This document specifies the classification, requirements, inspection rules, and marking of point-type smoke detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization.
This document is applicable to the design, manufacture and inspection of point-type smoke detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization used in industrial and civil buildings.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB 4716 Point-type heat detectors
GB/T 9969 General principles for preparation of instructions for use of industrial products
GB 15631 Special type fire detectors
GB/T 16838 Environmental test methods and severities for fire electronic products
GB/T 17626.2 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement techniques - Electrostatic discharge immunity test
GB/T 17626.3 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement techniques - Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test
GB/T 17626.4 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement techniques - Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test
GB/T 17626.5 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement techniques - Surge immunity test
GB/T 17626.6 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement techniques - Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency fields
ISO 12103-1:2016 Road vehicles - Test contaminants for filter evaluation - Part 1: Arizona test dust
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are defined in this document.
4 Classification
4.1 Classification by working principle:
a) point-type photoelectric smoke detector using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization;
b) point-type ion smoke detector using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization.
4.2 The point-type photoelectric smoke detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization may be classified as follows according to the response threshold value:
a) Type A: with adjustable response threshold value;
b) Type B: with nonadjustable response threshold value.
5 Requirements
5.1 General requirements
The point-type smoke detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization (hereinafter referred to as the “detectors”) shall comply with the relevant requirements given in this clause, and shall be tested in accordance with Clause 6 to confirm whether the detectors comply with the requirements of Clause 5.
5.2 Packaging and appearance
The detectors shall be provided with the complete package during delivery, which shall contain the instructions for use in Chinese. The detector shall have a separate dust cover, be free from corrosion, coating peeling, blistering, obvious mechanical damage, such as scratches, cracks and burrs, on the surfaces, and be free from looseness in fastening parts.
5.3 Performance of main components (parts)
5.3.1 Indicator lights
The indicator lights of the detector shall comply with the requirements below.
a) The detector shall have a red alarm confirmation light, which shall be lit when the smoke parameters in the monitored area meet the alarm conditions, and be on until the detector is reset. The point-type photoelectric smoke detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization shall have a yellow alarm indicator light indicating sensing component contamination. When the sensing component is contaminated and such contamination affects the normal use of the detector, the detector sensing component contamination alarm indicator light shall be lit and on until the contamination is eliminated.
b) When the alarm confirmation light is used to indicate other operating conditions of the detector or contamination alarm, the indicated condition shall be obviously different from the fire alarm condition.
c) The indicator light of the removable detector may be mounted on the probe or its base.
d) When the indicator light is lit, it shall be clearly visible at 6 m in front of it under the environmental condition that the illuminance does not exceed 500 lx.
5.3.2 Connection of auxiliary equipment
Open circuit or short circuit of connecting line between the detector and other auxiliary equipment (such as the remote confirmation light and control relay) shall not affect the normal operation of the detector.
5.3.3 Detachable detectors
For detachable detectors, when their probe is separated from their base, they shall provide a means of identification so that the control and indicating equipment can issue a fault signal. The incoming and outgoing wires of the detector shall not be connected to the same wiring terminal.
5.3.4 Factory settings
The factory settings of the detector shall not be changed unless special means (such as special tools or passwords) are used or the seal is broken.
5.3.5 Dynamic response performance
The response performance of the detector, if it can be set in the field on the detector or on the control and indicating equipment connected to it, is required as follows:
a) When the manufacturer expressly states that all settings comply with the requirements of this document, the detector shall comply with the requirements of this document under any setting, and can only be set in the field by means of special tools, passwords or separation of the probe from the base;
b) When the manufacturer expressly states that a setting does not comply with the requirements of this document, the setting shall only be realized by special tools or passwords, and it shall be clearly indicated on the detector or relevant documents that the setting does not meet the requirements of this document;
c) The point-type photoelectric smoke detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization with address shall be classified as Type A;
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Classification
5 Requirements
5.1 General requirements
5.2 Packaging and appearance
5.3 Performance of main components (parts)
5.4 Control software requirements
5.5 Smoke response repeatability
5.6 Smoke response orientation
5.7 Consistency
5.8 Power supply parameter fluctuation performance
5.9 Airflow interference resistance
5.10 Resistance to ambient light interference (applicable to photodetectors)
5.11 Electromagnetic compatibility
5.12 Climatic environmental tolerance
5.13 Mechanical environmental tolerance
5.14 Fire sensitivity
5.15 Contamination alarm function of sensing components (applicable to photodetectors)
5.16 Composite detection
6 Test methods
6.1 General
6.2 Smoke response repeatability test
6.3 Smoke response orientation test
6.4 Conformance test
6.5 Power supply parameter fluctuation performance test
6.6 Test of resistance to ambient light interference (applicable to photoelectric specimens)
6.7 Test of resistance to airflow interference
6.8 High temperature (operation) test
6.9 Low temperature (operation) test
6.10 Cyclic damp heat (operation) test
6.11 Steady-state damp-heat (durability) test
6.12 Sulfur dioxide (SO2) corrosion (durability) test
6.13 Impact (operation) test
6.14 Collision test
6.15 Vibration (sinusoidal) (operation) test
6.16 Vibration (sinusoidal) (durability) test
6.17 Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test
6.18 Test for immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency fields
6.19 Electrostatic discharge immunity test
6.20 Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test
6.21 Surge immunity test
6.22 Fire sensitivity test
6.23 Contamination alarm function test of sensing components (applicable to photoelectric specimens)
7 Inspection rules
7.1 End-of-manufacturing inspection
7.2 Type inspection
8 Marking
8.1 General
8.2 Product marking
8.3 Quality inspection marking
Annex A (Normative) Smoke box for threshold value test
Annex B (Normative) Test smoke
Annex C (Normative) Flasher
Annex D (Normative) Collision test device
Annex E (Normative) Combustion laboratory
Annex F (Normative) Test fire SH1 - Wood smoldering fire
Annex G (Normative) Test fire SH2 - Cotton rope smoldering fire
Annex H (Normative) Test fire SH3 - Polyurethane plastic fire
Annex I (Normative) Test fire SH4 - N-heptane fire
Annex J (Normative) Dust environment simulation test device
點型感煙火災探測器
1 范圍
本文件規定了點型感煙火災探測器的分類、要求、檢驗規則和標志，描述了相應的試驗方法。
本文件適用于工業與民用建筑中使用的點型感煙火災探測器產品的設計、制造和檢驗。
2 規范性引用文件
下列文件中的內容通過文中的規范性引用而構成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文件，僅該日期對應的版本適用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。
GB 4716 點型感溫火災探測器
GB/T 9969 工業產品使用說明書 總則
GB 15631 特種火災探測器
GB/T 16838 消防電子產品環境試驗方法及嚴酷等級
GB/T 17626.2 電磁兼容 試驗和測量技術 靜電放電抗擾度試驗
GB/T 17626.3 電磁兼容試驗和測量技術 射頻電磁場輻射抗擾度試驗
GB/T 17626.4 電磁兼容試驗和測量技術 電快速瞬變脈沖群抗擾度試驗
GB/T 17626.5 電磁兼容試驗和測量技術浪涌(沖擊)抗擾度試驗
GB/T 17626.6 電磁兼容試驗和測量技術 射頻場感應的傳導騷擾抗擾度
ISO 12103-1:2016 道路車輛 用于濾清器評定的污染物 第1部分：亞利桑那試驗粉塵(Road vehicles - Test contaminants for filter evaluation - Part 1: Arizona test dust)
3 術語和定義
本文件沒有需要界定的術語和定義。
4 分類
4.1 按工作原理可分為：
a) 點型光電感煙火災探測器；
b) 點型離子感煙火災探測器。
4.2 點型光電感煙火災探測器按響應閾值可分為：
a) A型：響應閾值可調；
b) B型：響應閾值不可調。
