標準編號:	GB 18047-2017
中文名稱:	車用壓縮天然氣
英文名稱:	Compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel
中標分類:	E24    天然氣
行業(yè)分類:	GB    國家標準
ICS分類:	75.060 75.060    天然氣 75.060
發(fā)布機構:	中華人民共和國國家質量監(jiān)督檢驗檢疫總局 中國國家標準化管理委員會
發(fā)布日期:	2017-09-07
實施日期:	2018-4-1
標準狀態(tài):	valid
替代舊標準:	GB 18047-2000 車用壓縮天然氣
翻譯語言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符數(shù):	9000 字
翻譯價格(元):	290.0
交付時間:	付款后 1 個工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. Article 4.1 of this standard is mandatory and the rest are recommendatory. This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009 This standard replaces GB 18047-2000 Compressed Natural Gas as Vehicle Fuel. The following technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 18047-2000 (the previous edition). ——Technical indexes of total sulfur are modified, from "no greater than 200 mg / m3" into "no greater than 100 mg/m3 (see Table 1); ——The technical indexes of water dew point are modified, the minimum requirements are modified from "under maximum working pressure, the water dew point shall not be higher than -13℃" into "mass concentration of water is no greater than 30 mg/m3" as recommended in ISO 15403-2:2006; ——Testing method of various indexes is added and arbitration method is indicated meanwhile; —— Category of gas in Annex B is modified, indexes of 10 T and 12 T gas are modified, and 13 T gas is cancelled. This standard is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Natural Gas of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 244). The previous edition replaced by this standard is as follows: ——GB 18047-2000. Compressed Natural Gas as Vehicle Fuel 1 Scope This standard specifies technical requirements and test methods of compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel. This standard is applicable to compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel at the pressure no greater than 25 MPa. 2 Normative References The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 11060.1 Natural Gas - Determination of Sulfur Compound - Part 1: Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide Content by Iodometric Titration Method GB/T 11060.2 Natural Gas - Determination of Sulfur Compound - Part 2: Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide Content by Methylene Blue Method GB/T 11060.3 Natural Gas - Determination of Sulfur Compound - Part 3:Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide Content by Lead Acetate Reaction Rate Dual Photo Path Method GB/T 11060.4 Natural Gas - Determination of Sulfur Compound - Part 4: Determination of Total Sulfur Content by Oxidative Microcoulometry Method GB/T 11060.5 Natural Gas - Determination of Sulfur Compound - Part 5:Determination of Total Sulfur Content by Hydrogenolysis and Rateometric Colorimetry Method GB/T 11060.7 Natural Gas - Determination of Sulfur Compounds - Part 7:Determination Of Total Sulfur Content by Lingener Combustion Method GB/T 11060.8 Natural Gas - Determination of Sulfur Compound - Part 8: Determination of Total Sulfur Content by Ultraviolet Fluorescence Method GB/T 11062 Natural Gas - Calculation of Calorific Values, Density, Relative Density and Wobbe Index from Composition GB/T 13609 Natural Gas - Sampling Guidelines GB/T 13610 Analysis of Natural Gas Composition - Gas Chromatography GB/T 13611-2006 Classification and Essential Property of City Gas GB/T 17258 Steel Cylinders for the On-board Storage of Compressed Natural Gas as a Fuel for Automotive Vehicles GB/T 17283 Determination of the Water Dew Point of Natural Gas - Cooled Surface Condensation Hygrometers GB/T 18619.1 Natural gas - Determination of Water by the Karl Fischer Method - Coulometric Procedure GB/T 19158 Steel Cylinders for the Storage of Compressed Natural Gas GB/T 21069 Natural gas - Determination of Water Content at High Pressure GB/T 22634 Conversion between Water Content and Water Dew Point of Natural Gas GB/T 27894.3 Natural Gas - Determination of Composition With Defined Uncertainty by Gas Chromatography - Part 3: Determination Of Hydrogen, Helium, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon Dioxide and Hydrocarbons Up to C8 Using Two Packed Columns GB/T 27894.4 Natural Gas - Determination of Composition with Defined Uncertainty by Gas Chromatography - Part 4: Determination of Nitrogen, Carbon Dioxide and C1 to C5 and C6+ Hydrocarbons for A Laboratory and On-line Measuring System Using Two Columns GB/T 27894.5 Natural Gas - Determination of Composition With Defined Uncertainty by Gas Chromatography - Part 5:Determination of Nitrogen, Carbon Dioxide and C1 to C5 and C+6 Hydrocarbons for A Laboratory and On-line Process Application Using Three Columns GB/T 27894.6 Natural Gas - Determination of Composition with Defined Uncertainty by Gas Chromatography - Part 6: Determination of Hydrogen Helium Oxygen Nitrogen Carbon Dioxide and C1 to C8 Hydrocarbons Using Three Capillary Columns GB/T 27896 Test Method for Water Vapor Content of Natural Gas Using - Electronic Moisture Analyzers TSGR 0004 Supervision Regulation on Safety Technology for Stationary Pressure Vessel 3 Terms and Definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 compressed natural gas; CNG compressed gas fuel with the principal ingredient of methane 3.2 compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel Compressed natural gas stored with pressure vessel and used as vehicle fuel 4 Technical Requirements and Test Methods 4.1 The technical indexes of compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 1 Table 1 Technical Indexes of Compressed Natural Gas as Vehicle Fuel Item Technical index Higher heating value a/(MJ/m3) ≥ 31.4 Total sulfur (calculated on sulfur)a/(mg/m3) ≤ 100 Hydrogen sulfide a/(mg/m3) ≤ 15 Carbon dioxide mol: mol/% ≤ 3.0 Oxygen mol: mol/% ≤ 0.5 Water a/(mg/m3) ≤ Within specific geographical region of automobile driving, on the premise of pressure no greater than 25 MPa and ambient temperature no less than -13℃, the mass concentration of water shall not be greater than 30 mg/m3. Water dew point /℃ Within specific geographical region of automobile driving, on the premise of pressure no greater than 25 MPa and ambient temperature below -13℃, water dew point shall be 5℃ lower than minimum ambient temperature. a In this standard, the standard reference condition for the gas volume is 101.325kPa and 20℃. 4.2 Calculation of higher heating value for compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel shall be implemented according to GB/T 11062, the determination for composition of the based natural gas shall be implemented in accordance with GB/T 13610, GB/T 27894.3, GB/T 27894.4, GB/T 27894.5 or GB/T 27894.6, and the arbitration test method is GB/T 13610. 4.3 Determination of total sulfur content in compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel shall be implemented according to GB/T 11060.4, GB/T 11060.5, GB/T 11060.7 or GB/T 11060.8, and the arbitration test method is GB/T 11060.4. 4.4 Determination of hydrogen sulfide content in compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel shall be implemented according to GB/T 11060.1, GB/T 11060.2 or GB/T 11060.3 and the arbitration test method is GB/T 11060.1. 4.5 Determination of carbon dioxide content in natural gas for vehicle shall be implemented according to GB/T 13610, GB/T 27894.3, GB/T 27894.4, GB/T 27894.5 or GB/T 27894.6, and the arbitration test method is GB/T 13610. 4.6 Determination of oxygen content in natural gas for vehicle shall be implemented according to GB/T 13610, GB/T 27894.3, GB/T 27894.4, GB/T 27894.5 or GB/T 27894.6, and the arbitration test method is GB/T 13610. 4.7 Determination of water content and water dew point for compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel shall be implemented according to GB/T 17283, GB/T 18619.1, GB/T 21069 or GB/T 27896, and the arbitration test method is GB/T 17283. When the water dew point is given, its conversion into water content under standard reference conditions may be conducted according to GB/T 22634. 5 Storage and Use 5.1 The storage container of compressed natural gas shall meet the relevant requirements of TSGR 0004 or GB/T 19158. Steel cylinders for the on-board storage of compressed natural gas as a fuel for vehicles shall meet the relevant requirements of GB/T 17258. 5.2 Under operation pressure and temperature, liquid hydrocarbon shall not exist in compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel. 5.3 Solid particle diameter in compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel shall be less than 5μm. 5.4 Compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel shall be provided with perceptible odor. Natural gas without odor or insufficient odor shall be odorized. Minimal dose of odorant shall be perceptible when the natural gas is leaked into the air and reaches 20% concentration of lower explosive limit. Odorant is generally be prepared by compound with obvious odor. 5.5 When the compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel is under use, its antiknock property shall be considered. Annex A gives out the calculation method of natural gas methane number. 5.6 Where compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel is used, its Wobbe index shall be considered; as for the compressed natural gas in the same region, the gas category should remain constant. Annex B gives out the gas category of compressed natural gas.

Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative References 3 Terms and Definitions 4 Technical Requirements and Test Methods 5 Storage and Use 6 Inspection Annex A (Informative) Calculation Method of Methane Number Annex B (Informative) Category of Compressed Natural Gas

ICS 75.060 E 24 中華人民共和國國家標準 GB 18047-2017 代替GB 18047-2000 車用壓縮天然氣 Compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel 2017-09-07發(fā)布 201804-01實施 中華人民共和國國家質量監(jiān)督檢驗總局 中國國家標準化管理委員會 發(fā)布 ? 前言 本標準的第4.1條為強制性的，其余為推薦性的。 本標準按照GB/T 1.1-2009給出的規(guī)則起草。 本標準代替GB 18047—2000《車用壓縮天然氣》。本標準與GB 18047—2000相比的主要變化如下: ——修改了總硫的技術指標，由“不大于200mg/ m3”修改到“不大于100mg/m3”(見表1)； ——修改了水露點的技術指標，最低要求由“在最高操作壓力下，水露點不應高于-13℃”修改到ISO 15403-2:2006推薦的“水的質量濃度不大于30mg/m3”； ——增加了各項指標的檢驗方法，并同時指出了仲裁方法； ——修改了附錄B中燃氣的類別，修改了10T和12T燃氣的指標，取消了13T燃氣。 本標準由全國天然氣標準化技術委員會(SAC/TC244)歸口。 本標準起草單位:中國石油西南油氣田分公司天然氣研究院、中國市政工程華北設計研究總院、中國石油工程建設公司華東設計分公司、中國海洋石油總公司研究總院。 本標準主要起草人:唐蒙、吳洪松、遲永杰、張艷霞、何斌、何永明、崔德春、李勝山。 本標準所代替標準的歷次版本發(fā)布情況為: ——GB 18047—2000。 ? 車用壓縮天然氣 1 范圍 本標準規(guī)定了車用壓縮天然氣的技術要求和試驗方法。 本標準適用于壓力不大于25MPa，作為車用燃料的壓縮天然氣。 2 規(guī)范性引用文件 下列文件對于本文件的應用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，僅注日期的版本適用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。 GB/T 11060.1 天然氣含硫化合物的測定第1部分:用碘量法測定硫化氫含量 GB/T 11060.2 天然氣含硫化合物的測定第2部分:用亞甲藍法測定硫化氫含量 GB/T 11060.3 天然氣含硫化合物的測定第3部分:用乙酸鉛反應速率雙光路檢測法測定硫化氫含量 GB/T 11060.4 天然氣含硫化合物的測定第4部分:用氧化微庫侖法測定總硫含量 GB/T 11060.5 天然氣含硫化合物的測定第5部分:用氫解-速率計比色法測定總硫含量 GB/T 11060.7 天然氣含硫化合物的測定第7部分:用林格奈燃燒法測定總硫含量 GB/T 11060.8 天然氣含硫化合物的測定第8部分:用紫外熒光光度法測定總硫含量 GB/T 11062 天然氣發(fā)熱量、密度、相對密度和沃泊指數(shù)的計算方法 GB/T 13609天然氣取樣導則 GB/T 13610天然氣的組成分析氣相色譜法 GB/T 13611-2006 城鎮(zhèn)燃氣分類和基本特性 GB/T 17258 汽車用壓縮天然氣鋼瓶 GB/T 17283 天然氣水露點的測定冷卻鏡面凝析濕度計法 GB/T 18619.1 天然氣中水含量的測定卡爾費休-庫侖法 GB/T 19158 站用壓縮天然氣鋼瓶 GB/T 21069 天然氣高壓下水含量的測定 GB/T 22634 天然氣水含量與水露點之間的換算 GB/T 27894.3 天然氣在一定不確定度下用氣相色譜法測定組成第3部分:用兩根填充柱測定氫、氦、氧、氮、二氧化碳和直至C8的烴類 GB/T 27894.4 天然氣在一定不確定度下用氣相色譜法測定組成第4部分:實驗室和在線測量系統(tǒng)中用兩根色譜柱測定氮、二氧化碳和C1至C5及C6+的烴類 GB/T 27894.5 天然氣在一定不確定度下用氣相色譜法測定組成第5部分:實驗室和在線工藝系統(tǒng)中用三根色譜柱測定氮、二氧化碳和C1至C5及C6+的烴類 GB/T 27894.6 天然氣在一定不確定度下用氣相色譜法測定組成第6部分:用三根毛細柱測定氫、氦、氧、氮、二氧化碳和C1至C8的烴類 GB/T 27896 天然氣中水含量的測定電子分析法 TSGR 0004 固定式壓力容器安全技術監(jiān)察規(guī)程 ? 3 術語和定義 下列術語和定義適用于本文件。 3.1 壓縮天然氣 compressed natural gas；CNG 主要成分為甲烷的壓縮氣體燃料 3.2 車用壓縮天然氣 compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel 以專用壓力容器儲存的，用作車用燃料的壓縮天然氣。 4 技術要求和試驗方法 4.1 車用壓縮天然氣的技術指標應符合表1的規(guī)定。 表1 車用壓縮天然氣的技術指標 項目 技術指標 高位發(fā)熱量a/(MJ/m3) ≥ 31.4 總硫(以硫計)a/(mg/m3) ≤ 100 硫化氫a/(mg/m3) ≤ 15 二氧化碳mol:mol/% ≤ 3.0 氧氣mol:mol/% ≤ 0.5 水a/(mg/m3) ≤ 在汽車駕駛的特定地理區(qū)域內，在壓力不大于25MPa和環(huán)境溫度不低于-13℃的條件下，水的質量濃度應不大于30mg/m3 水露點/℃ 在汽車駕駛的特定地理區(qū)域內，在壓力不大于25MPa和環(huán)境溫度低于-13℃的條件下，水露點應比最低環(huán)境溫度低5℃ 本標準中氣體體積的標準參比條件是101.325kPa，20℃。 4.2 車用壓縮天然氣高位發(fā)熱量的計算應按GB/T 11062執(zhí)行，其所依據(jù)的天然氣組成的測定應按GB/T 13610、GB/T 27894.3、GB/T 27894.4、GB/T 27894.5或GB/T27894.6執(zhí)行，仲裁試驗方法為GB/T 13610。 4.3 車用壓縮天然氣中總硫含量的測定應按GB/T 11060.4、GB/T 11060.5、GB/T 11060.7或GB/T 11060.8執(zhí)行，仲裁試驗方法為GB/T 11060.4。 4.4車用壓縮天然氣中硫化氫含量的測定應按GB/T 11060.1、GB/T 11060.2或GB/T 11060.3執(zhí)行，仲裁試驗方法GB/T 11060.1。 4.5車用天然氣中二氧化碳含量的測定應按GB/T 13610、GB/T 27894.3，GB/T 27894.4、GB/T 27894.5或GB/T 27894.6執(zhí)行，仲裁試驗方法為GB/T 13610。 4.6車用天然氣中氧氣含量的測定應按GB/T 13610、GB/T 27894.3、GB/T 27894.4、GB/T27894.5或GB/T 27894.6執(zhí)行，仲裁試驗方法為GB/T 13610。 4.7車用壓縮天然氣水含量和水露點的測定應按GB/T 17283、GB/T 18619.1、GB/T 21069或GB/T 27896執(zhí)行，仲裁試驗方法GB/T 17283。當水露點已知時，可按GB/T 22634將其換算到標準參比條件下的水含量。 ? 5 儲存和使用 5.1 壓縮天然氣的儲存容器應符合TSGR 0004或GB/T 19158的有關規(guī)定。車用壓縮天然氣鋼瓶應符合GB/T 17258的有關規(guī)定。 5.2 在操作壓力和溫度下，車用壓縮天然氣中不應存在液態(tài)烴。 5.3 車用壓縮天然氣中固體顆粒直徑應小于5μm。 5.4 車用壓縮天然氣應具有可以察覺的臭味。無臭味或臭味不足的天然氣應加臭。加臭劑的最小量應符合當天然氣泄漏到空氣中，達到爆炸下限的20%濃度時，應能察覺。加臭劑常用具有明顯臭味的化合物配制。 5.5 車用壓縮天然氣在使用時，應考慮其抗爆性能。附錄A給出了天然氣甲烷值的計算方法。 5.6 車用壓縮天然氣在使用時，應考慮其沃泊指數(shù)(華白數(shù))，同一地區(qū)的壓縮天然氣，其燃氣類別宜應保持不變。附錄B給出了壓縮天然氣的燃氣類別。 6 檢驗 6.1 車用壓縮天然氣的取樣按GB/T 13609進行。 6.2 正常生產時，必須每天對產品水含量進行檢驗，以確保壓縮天然氣中不存在液態(tài)水。 6.3 在下列情況下，車用壓縮天然氣產品應按本標準規(guī)定的技術要求進行全面檢驗: a)初次投入生產時； b)正常生產時，定期或積累一定產量后； c)工藝發(fā)生重大變化時； d)檢驗結果與上次全面檢驗有較大差異時。 ? 附錄A (資料性附錄) 甲烷值的計算方法 A.1甲烷值的定義 甲烷值 MN Methane Number 表示點燃式發(fā)動機燃料抗爆性的一個約定數(shù)值。 一種氣體燃料的甲烷值是用ASTM的辛烷值評定方法，在規(guī)定條件下的標準發(fā)動機試驗中，將該燃料與標準燃料混合物的爆震傾向進行比較而測定的。當被測氣體燃料的抗爆性能與按一定比例混合的甲烷和氫氣混合氣標準燃料的抗爆性能相同時，該標準燃料中甲烷的體積百分數(shù)的數(shù)值是該氣體燃料的甲烷值。 A.2辛烷值與甲烷值 A.2.1辛烷值與甲烷值的關聯(lián) 美國氣體研究院(GRI)用ASTM的辛烷值評定方法測量了天然氣燃料的馬達法辛烷值(MON)。測量結果表明，純甲烷的MON在140左右，大多數(shù)天然氣的MON在115~130之間。丙烷含量高(17%~25%)的調峰氣的MON為96~97。美國氣體研究院通過研究分別推導出兩個與實驗數(shù)據(jù)非常吻合的、組成或氫碳比與辛烷值的關聯(lián)式，可適用于大多數(shù)常規(guī)天然氣。此外，還有兩個用實驗數(shù)據(jù)推導的辛烷值與甲烷值的關聯(lián)式。這些關聯(lián)式如下。 A.2.2天然氣組成與辛烷值的線性關聯(lián)式 天然氣組成與辛烷值的線性關聯(lián)式見式(A.1): MON=137.78x_1+29.948x_2-18.193x_3 -167.062x_4+181.233x_5+26.994x_6…………………………(A.1) 式中: MON——馬達法辛烷值； x_i——組分i的摩爾分數(shù)，各組分的代號和名稱見表A.1。 表A.1 氣體燃料中組分代號和名稱 組分代號 1 2 3 4 5 6 組分名稱 甲烷 乙烷 丙烷 丁烷 二氧化碳 氮氣 A.2.3天然氣氫碳比與辛烷值關聯(lián)式 天然氣氫碳比與辛烷值關聯(lián)式見式(A.2): MON=-406.14+508.04R-173.55R^2+20.17R^3 (A.2) 式中: R——氣體燃料氫原子與碳原子數(shù)目的比值。 ? A.2.4天然氣甲烷值與辛烷值的關聯(lián)式 天然氣甲烷值與辛烷值的關聯(lián)式見式(A.3)和式(A.4): MN=1.445MON-103.42 (A.3) MON=0.679MN+72.3 (A.4) 式(A.3)和式(A.4)不是完全線性的(r^2=0.98)，因此，這兩個關聯(lián)式相互間并不是完全可逆的。 ? 附錄B （資料性附錄) 壓縮天然氣的燃氣類別 根據(jù)GB/T 13611—2006《城鎮(zhèn)燃氣分類和基本特性》，并結合本標準技術指標中天然氣高位發(fā)熱量大于314MJ/m^3的要求，按沃泊指數(shù)(華白數(shù))W和燃燒勢CP的要求，壓縮天然氣可分為10T和12T，見表B.1。其中燃燒勢CP的計算按GB/T 13611-2006進行。 沃泊指數(shù)(華白數(shù))W(Wobbe index)按式(B.1)計算: W=H_s/√d (B.1) 式中: W——燃氣的沃泊指數(shù)(華白數(shù))，單位為兆焦每立方米(MJ/m^3)； 〖 H〗_s——燃氣的體積高位發(fā)熱量，單位為兆焦每立方米(MJ/m^3)； d——燃氣的相對密度(空氣的相對密度為1)。 表B.1 同時符合本標準和GB/T 13611-2006的燃氣類別 符合本標準又符合GB/T13611-2006的燃氣分類 GB/T13611-2006規(guī)定值101.325kPa，15℃(干) 換算到101.325kPa，20℃(干) 燃燒勢CP 沃泊指數(shù)(高華白數(shù)) 沃泊指數(shù)(高華白數(shù)) 標準MJ/m^3 范圍MJ/m^3 標準MJ/m^3 范圍MJ/m^3 標準 范圍 10T 41.52 39.0~44.84 40.79 38.37~44.05 33.0 31.0~34.3 12T 50.73 45.6~54.78 49.83 44.86~53.81 40.3 40.3~69.3 注:沃泊指數(shù)由15℃換算到20℃時，將15℃的沃泊指數(shù)除以換算系數(shù)1.018，便可獲得20℃的沃泊指數(shù)。