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Clauses 4 and 5 of this standard are mandatory and the rest are recommended.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB 13895-1992 Heavy duty gear oils for automobile (GL-5).
There are technical deviations between this standard and GB 13895-1992 and the technical deviations are given in Annex A.
This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of the National Energy Administration.
The previous edition of this standard is as follows:
——GB 13895-1992.
Heavy duty gear oils for automobile (GL-5)
1 Scope
This standard specifies the requirements and test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage of heavy duty gear oils for automobile (GL-5), which adopts refined mineral oil or synthetic oil or both as the base oil by mixing with various types of additives.
It applies to heavy-duty gear oils for automobile (GL-5). This product is mainly suitable for automotive drive axles, especially suitable for hypoid gears used in high-speed impact loads, high-speed low-torque and low-speed high-torque conditions.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 260 Test method for water in petroleum products - Distillation method
GB/T 265 Petroleum products - Determination of kinematic viscosity and calculation of dynamic viscosity
GB/T 511 Petroleum products and additives - Method for determination of mechanical admixtures
GB/T 1995 Petroleum products - Calculation of viscosity index
GB/T 2433 Petroleum products - Lubricating oils and additives - Determination of sulphated ash
GB/T 2541 Petroleum products - Computation table for viscosity indices
GB/T 3535 Petroleum products - Determination of pour point
GB/T 3536 Petroleum products - Determination of flash and fire points - Cleveland open cup method
GB/T 4756 Petroleum liquids - Manual sampling
GB/T 5096 Petroleum products - Corrosiveness to copper - Copper strip test
GB/T 8926 Standard test method for insolubles in used lubricating oils
GB/T 11140 Standard test method for sulfur in petroleum and petroleum products by wavelength dispersive X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry
GB/T 11145 Automotive fluid lubricants - Determination of low-temperature viscosity - Brookfield viscometer method
GB/T 12579 Determination of foaming characteristics of lubricating oils
GB/T 17040 Standard test method for sulfur in petroleum and petroleum products by energy dispersive X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry
GB/T 17476 Standard test method for determination of additive elements, wear metals, and contaminants in used lubricating oils and determination of selected elements in base oils by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES)
GB/T 17477 Automotive gear lubricant viscosity classification
GB/T 17674 Determination of nitrogen in crude oil by boat-inlet chemiluminescence
NB/SH/T 0517 Standard test methods for evaluation of moisture corrosion resistance of automotive gear lubricants (L-33-1 method)
NB/SH/T 0518 Evaluation method of bearing capacity for automotive gear oil (L-37 method)
NB/SH/T 0704 Standard test method for nitrogen in petroleum and petroleum products by boat-inlet chemiluminescence
NB/SH/T 0822 Standard test methods for phosphorus, sulfur, calcium and zinc in lubricating oil by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
NB/SH/T 0845 Viscosity Shear Stability of Transmission Lubricants (Taper Roller Bearing Rig) Shear Stability Test
SH/T 0037 Determination method for storage dissolving characteristic of gear oil
SH/T 0164 Petroleum products - Rules for packaging, handling, delivery and acceptance
SH/T 0224 Determination of nitrogen content in petroleum additives (Kjeldahl method)
SH/T 0270 Determination method of calcium content in additive and doped lubricating oil
SH/T 0296 Determination method of phosphorus content in additive and doped lubricating oil (colorimetric method)
SH/T 0303 Determination method of sulphur content in additive (coulometric method)
SH/T 0519 Performance evaluation method for anti-abrasion of automotive gear oil (L-42 method)
SH/T 0520 Performance evaluation method for thermal oxidation stability of automotive gear oil
SH/T 0755 Standard test method for evaluation of the thermal and oxidative stability lubricating oil used for manual transmission and final drive axles (L-60-1 method)
3 Product variety and designation
3.1 Product variety
The products of this standard are divided into 10 viscosity grades according to GB/T 17477: 75W-90, 80W-90, 80W-110, 80W-140, 85W-90, 85W-110, 85W-140, 90, 110 and 140.
3.2 Product designation
The designation of heavy-duty gear oil products for automobile (GL-5) is: viscosity grade code and standard number of heavy-duty gear oil for automobile
Example: 80W-90 GL-5 heavy-duty gear oil for automobile GB 13895
4 Requirements and test methods
The technical requirements and test methods for heavy-duty gear oil for automobile (GL-5) are shown in Table 1.
5 Inspection rules
5.1 Inspection classification and test items
5.1.1 Delivery inspection
It includes delivery batch inspection and delivery periodic inspection.
Delivery batch inspection items include: kinematic viscosity (100℃), viscosity index, pour point, moisture, corrosion of copper sheets, apparent viscosity at specific temperatures, foaminess (foam tendency), and mechanical impurities.
If the product quality is not affected by changes of raw materials and process conditions, the delivery periodic inspection items include: flash point (opening) measurement (once every ten batches); pentane insolubles, sulfated ash, sulfur, phosphorus, nitrogen, calcium and KRL shear stability detection (once a year).
5.1.2 Type inspection
Type inspection items include all the inspection items specified in the technical requirements of Table 1.
Type inspection is carried out under the following conditions:
a) in case of new product release or type approval appraisement of products;
b) the major changes of raw materials and technology, which may affect the product quality;
c) there is significant difference between the result of delivery inspection and that of the previous type inspection.
5.2 Batches
Under the condition that raw material and technology are not changed, the products of a tank or a kettle is regarded as a batch.
5.3 Sampling
Sampling is carried out according to GB/T 4756, and 3L of products in each batch is sampled (if the bench test of heavy duty gear oil for automobile is included, the sampling amount may be increased accordingly) for inspection and as reserved sample.
5.4 Judgment rules
The product is regarded as qualified if the results of delivery inspection and type inspection meet the technical requirements specified in Clause 4.
5.5 Reinspection principle
If any delivery inspection result does not meet the technical requirements in Table 1, double samples shall be taken according to the provisions of GB/T 4756 for re-inspection. If the reinspection result does not meet the technical requirements of Clause 4, the batch is judged as unqualified.
6 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage
Marking, packaging, transportation and storage as well as delivery acceptance are performed in accordance with SH/T 0164.
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Product variety and designation
4 Requirements and test methods
5 Inspection rules
6 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage
Annex A (Informative) Main technical deviations between this standard and GB 13895-
